AMT Atmospheric Measurement Techniques AMT Atmos. Meas. Tech. 1867-8548 Copernicus Publications Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/amt-6-3325-2013 Comparison of SMILES ClO profiles with satellite, balloon-borne and ground-based measurements Sagawa H. 1 Sato T. O. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0123-9393 1 2 Baron P. 1 Dupuy E. 1 8 Livesey N. 3 Urban J. 4 von Clarmann T. 5 de Lange A. 6 Wetzel G. 5 Connor B. J. 7 Kagawa A. 1 Murtagh D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1539-3559 4 Kasai Y. 1 2 Applied Electromagnetic Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Nukui-kita, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Groove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, USA Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany SRON-Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, 3584 CA, Utrecht, the Netherlands BC Consulting, 6 Fairway Dr., Alexandra 9320, New Zealand now at: National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan 06 12 2013 6 12 3325 3347 Copyright: © 2013 H. Sagawa et al. 2013 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is available from https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/6/3325/2013/amt-6-3325-2013.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/6/3325/2013/amt-6-3325-2013.pdf

We evaluate the quality of ClO profiles derived from the Superconducting Submillimeter-Wave Limb-Emission Sounder (SMILES) on the International Space Station (ISS). Version 2.1.5 of the level-2 product generated by the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) is the subject of this study. Based on sensitivity studies, the systematic error was estimated as 5–10 pptv at the pressure range of 80–20 hPa, 35 pptv at the ClO peak altitude (~ 4 hPa), and 5–10 pptv at pressures ≤ 0.5 hPa for daytime mid-latitude conditions. For nighttime measurements, a systematic error of 8 pptv was estimated for the ClO peak altitude (~ 2 hPa). The SMILES NICT v2.1.5 ClO profiles agree with those derived from another level-2 processor developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) within the bias uncertainties, except for the nighttime measurements in the low and middle latitude regions where the SMILES NICT v2.1.5 profiles have a negative bias of ~ 30 pptv in the lower stratosphere. This bias is considered to be due to the use of a limited spectral bandwidth in the retrieval process of SMILES NICT v2.1.5, which makes it difficult to distinguish between the weak ClO signal and wing contributions of spectral features outside the bandwidth. In the middle and upper stratosphere outside the polar regions, no significant systematic bias was found for the SMILES NICT ClO profile with respect to data sets from other instruments such as the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), the Odin Sub-Millimetre Radiometer (SMR), the Envisat Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS), and the ground-based radiometer at Mauna Kea, which demonstrates the scientific usability of the SMILES ClO data including the diurnal variations. Inside the chlorine-activated polar vortex, the SMILES NICT v2.1.5 ClO profiles show larger volume mixing ratios by 0.4 ppbv (30%) at 50 hPa compared to those of the JAXA processed profiles. This discrepancy is also considered to be an effect of the limited spectral bandwidth in the retrieval processing. We also compared the SMILES NICT ClO profiles of chlorine-activated polar vortex conditions with those measured by the balloon-borne instruments: Terahertz and submillimeter Limb Sounder (TELIS) and the MIPAS-balloon instrument (MIPAS-B). In conclusion, the SMILES NICT v2.1.5 ClO data can be used at pressures ≤ ~30 hPa for scientific analysis.

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