doi:https://doi.org/

Editor(s): B. Weinzierl, U. Wandinger, C. Flamant, C. Hoose, C. Ryder, and J. Schwarz Special issue jointly organized between Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics and Atmospheric Measurement Techniques More information

Wind-borne mineral dust can affect climate through its interaction with radiation and its role in cloud microphysical processes. In spite of this importance, there has been little research on the long-range transport of mineral dust. In particular critical understanding of the transformations of mineral dust during long-range transport including changes in physical and chemical properties of the particles and the roles of various removal processes during transport is lacking. In addition, climate change threatens to change dust emission rates and hence future dust impacts.

To investigate the long-range transport of mineral dust from the Sahara into the Caribbean, and to study the impact of aged mineral dust on both the radiation budget and cloud microphysical processes, the Saharan Aerosol Long-range Transport and Aerosol-Cloud-Interaction Experiment (SALTRACE, http://www.pa.op.dlr.de/saltrace/ ) was conducted in June/July 2013. During SALTRACE, mineral dust from several dust outbreaks was studied under a variety of atmospheric conditions, and a comprehensive data set on chemical, microphysical and optical properties of aged mineral dust was gathered.

SALTRACE was a German initiative involving scientists from Europe, Cabo Verde , the Caribbean and the US. It was designed as a closure experiment combining ground-based, airborne, satellite and modelling efforts. Ground-based lidar, in situ aerosol and sun photometer instruments were deployed on Barbados (main SALTRACE super-site), Cabo Verde and Puerto Rico. The DLR research aircraft Falcon carried an extensive suite of in situ and remote-sensing instruments and spent more than 110 flight hours studying the long-range transport of mineral dust between Senegal, Cabo Verde, the Caribbean and Florida.

SALTRACE was highly successful and allowed the collection of a unique mineral dust data set which will be presented in this SI, including papers on the experimental, theoretical, and modelling results, as well as instrument and algorithm developments related to the SALTRACE field experiment.

02 Dec 2019

Sun photometer retrievals of Saharan dust properties over Barbados during SALTRACE

Carlos Toledano, Benjamín Torres, Cristian Velasco-Merino, Dietrich Althausen, Silke Groß, Matthias Wiegner, Bernadett Weinzierl, Josef Gasteiger, Albert Ansmann, Ramiro González, David Mateos, David Farrel, Thomas Müller, Moritz Haarig, and Victoria E. Cachorro

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 14571–14583, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14571-2019,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14571-2019, 2019

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18 Nov 2019

Profiles of cloud condensation nuclei, dust mass concentration, and ice-nucleating-particle-relevant aerosol properties in the Saharan Air Layer over Barbados from polarization lidar and airborne in situ measurements

Moritz Haarig, Adrian Walser, Albert Ansmann, Maximilian Dollner, Dietrich Althausen, Daniel Sauer, David Farrell, and Bernadett Weinzierl

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 13773–13788, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13773-2019,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13773-2019, 2019

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17 Apr 2020

Flow-induced errors in airborne in situ measurements of aerosols and clouds

Antonio Spanu, Maximilian Dollner, Josef Gasteiger, T. Paul Bui, and Bernadett Weinzierl

Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 1963–1987, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-1963-2020,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-1963-2020, 2020

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23 Aug 2019

Cloud macro-physical properties in Saharan-dust-laden and dust-free North Atlantic trade wind regimes: a lidar case study

Manuel Gutleben, Silke Groß, and Martin Wirth

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 10659–10673, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10659-2019,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-10659-2019, 2019

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23 May 2019

The sensitivity of the colour of dust in MSG-SEVIRI Desert Dust infrared composite imagery to surface and atmospheric conditions

Jamie R. Banks, Anja Hünerbein, Bernd Heinold, Helen E. Brindley, Hartwig Deneke, and Kerstin Schepanski

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 6893–6911, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-6893-2019,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-6893-2019, 2019

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21 Sep 2018

Composition and mixing state of atmospheric aerosols determined by electron microscopy: method development and application to aged Saharan dust deposition in the Caribbean boundary layer

Konrad Kandler, Kilian Schneiders, Martin Ebert, Markus Hartmann, Stephan Weinbruch, Maria Prass, and Christopher Pöhlker

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 13429–13455, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-13429-2018,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-13429-2018, 2018

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10 Jul 2018

The influence of dust optical properties on the colour of simulated MSG-SEVIRI Desert Dust infrared imagery

Jamie R. Banks, Kerstin Schepanski, Bernd Heinold, Anja Hünerbein, and Helen E. Brindley

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 9681–9703, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9681-2018,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9681-2018, 2018

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05 Jul 2018

Impact of long-range transport over the Atlantic Ocean on Saharan dust optical and microphysical properties based on AERONET data

Cristian Velasco-Merino, David Mateos, Carlos Toledano, Joseph M. Prospero, Jack Molinie, Lovely Euphrasie-Clotilde, Ramiro González, Victoria E. Cachorro, Abel Calle, and Angel M. de Frutos

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 9411–9424, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9411-2018,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-9411-2018, 2018

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30 Nov 2017

Dry versus wet marine particle optical properties: RH dependence of depolarization ratio, backscatter, and extinction from multiwavelength lidar measurements during SALTRACE

Moritz Haarig, Albert Ansmann, Josef Gasteiger, Konrad Kandler, Dietrich Althausen, Holger Baars, Martin Radenz, and David A. Farrell

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 14199–14217, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14199-2017,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14199-2017, 2017

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19 Dec 2017

Profiling of Saharan dust from the Caribbean to western Africa – Part 2: Shipborne lidar measurements versus forecasts

Albert Ansmann, Franziska Rittmeister, Ronny Engelmann, Sara Basart, Oriol Jorba, Christos Spyrou, Samuel Remy, Annett Skupin, Holger Baars, Patric Seifert, Fabian Senf, and Thomas Kanitz

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 14987–15006, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14987-2017,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14987-2017, 2017

01 Sep 2017

Harmattan, Saharan heat low, and West African monsoon circulation: modulations on the Saharan dust outflow towards the North Atlantic

Kerstin Schepanski, Bernd Heinold, and Ina Tegen

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 10223–10243, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10223-2017,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10223-2017, 2017

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19 Sep 2017

Potential of polarization/Raman lidar to separate fine dust, coarse dust, maritime, and anthropogenic aerosol profiles

Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri and Albert Ansmann

Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10, 3403–3427, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3403-2017,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3403-2017, 2017

14 Nov 2017

On the parametrization of optical particle counter response including instrument-induced broadening of size spectra and a self-consistent evaluation of calibration measurements

Adrian Walser, Daniel Sauer, Antonio Spanu, Josef Gasteiger, and Bernadett Weinzierl

Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10, 4341–4361, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-4341-2017,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-4341-2017, 2017

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13 Sep 2017

Triple-wavelength depolarization-ratio profiling of Saharan dust over Barbados during SALTRACE in 2013 and 2014

Moritz Haarig, Albert Ansmann, Dietrich Althausen, André Klepel, Silke Groß, Volker Freudenthaler, Carlos Toledano, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, David A. Farrell, Damien A. Prescod, Eleni Marinou, Sharon P. Burton, Josef Gasteiger, Ronny Engelmann, and Holger Baars

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 10767–10794, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10767-2017,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10767-2017, 2017

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03 Nov 2017

Profiling of Saharan dust from the Caribbean to western Africa – Part 1: Layering structures and optical properties from shipborne polarization/Raman lidar observations

Franziska Rittmeister, Albert Ansmann, Ronny Engelmann, Annett Skupin, Holger Baars, Thomas Kanitz, and Stefan Kinne

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 12963–12983, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12963-2017,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12963-2017, 2017

30 Aug 2017

Seasonal provenance changes in present-day Saharan dust collected in and off Mauritania

Carmen A. Friese, Johannes A. van Hateren, Christoph Vogt, Gerhard Fischer, and Jan-Berend W. Stuut

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 10163–10193, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10163-2017,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10163-2017, 2017

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16 May 2017

Downward particle fluxes of biogenic matter and Saharan dust across the equatorial North Atlantic

Laura F. Korte, Geert-Jan A. Brummer, Michèlle van der Does, Catarina V. Guerreiro, Rick Hennekam, Johannes A. van Hateren, Dirk Jong, Chris I. Munday, Stefan Schouten, and Jan-Berend W. Stuut

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 6023–6040, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-6023-2017,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-6023-2017, 2017

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05 Jan 2017

Particle settling and vertical mixing in the Saharan Air Layer as seen from an integrated model, lidar, and in situ perspective

Josef Gasteiger, Silke Groß, Daniel Sauer, Moritz Haarig, Albert Ansmann, and Bernadett Weinzierl

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 297–311, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-297-2017,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-297-2017, 2017

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20 Sep 2016

Saharan dust long-range transport across the Atlantic studied by an airborne Doppler wind lidar and the MACC model

Fernando Chouza, Oliver Reitebuch, Angela Benedetti, and Bernadett Weinzierl

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 11581–11600, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-11581-2016,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-11581-2016, 2016

04 Nov 2016

Particle size traces modern Saharan dust transport and deposition across the equatorial North Atlantic

Michèlle van der Does, Laura F. Korte, Chris I. Munday, Geert-Jan A. Brummer, and Jan-Berend W. Stuut

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 13697–13710, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13697-2016,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13697-2016, 2016

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16 Sep 2016

Saharan dust contribution to the Caribbean summertime boundary layer – a lidar study during SALTRACE

Silke Groß, Josef Gasteiger, Volker Freudenthaler, Thomas Müller, Daniel Sauer, Carlos Toledano, and Albert Ansmann

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 11535–11546, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-11535-2016,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-11535-2016, 2016

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15 Nov 2016

Aerosol arriving on the Caribbean island of Barbados: physical properties and origin

Heike Wex, Katrin Dieckmann, Greg C. Roberts, Thomas Conrath, Miguel A. Izaguirre, Susan Hartmann, Paul Herenz, Michael Schäfer, Florian Ditas, Tina Schmeissner, Silvia Henning, Birgit Wehner, Holger Siebert, and Frank Stratmann

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 14107–14130, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14107-2016,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-14107-2016, 2016

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14 Apr 2016

Vertical wind retrieved by airborne lidar and analysis of island induced gravity waves in combination with numerical models and in situ particle measurements

Fernando Chouza, Oliver Reitebuch, Michael Jähn, Stephan Rahm, and Bernadett Weinzierl

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 4675–4692, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4675-2016,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-4675-2016, 2016

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03 Mar 2016

Properties of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the trade wind marine boundary layer of the western North Atlantic

Thomas B. Kristensen, Thomas Müller, Konrad Kandler, Nathalie Benker, Markus Hartmann, Joseph M. Prospero, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Frank Stratmann

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 2675–2688, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2675-2016,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2675-2016, 2016

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21 Jan 2016

Investigations of boundary layer structure, cloud characteristics and vertical mixing of aerosols at Barbados with large eddy simulations

M. Jähn, D. Muñoz-Esparza, F. Chouza, O. Reitebuch, O. Knoth, M. Haarig, and A. Ansmann

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 651–674, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-651-2016,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-651-2016, 2016

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06 Oct 2015

Optical properties of long-range transported Saharan dust over Barbados as measured by dual-wavelength depolarization Raman lidar measurements

S. Groß, V. Freudenthaler, K. Schepanski, C. Toledano, A. Schäfler, A. Ansmann, and B. Weinzierl

Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 11067–11080, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11067-2015,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11067-2015, 2015

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21 Jul 2015

Retrieval of aerosol backscatter and extinction from airborne coherent Doppler wind lidar measurements

F. Chouza, O. Reitebuch, S. Groß, S. Rahm, V. Freudenthaler, C. Toledano, and B. Weinzierl

Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 2909–2926, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-2909-2015,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-2909-2015, 2015

Special issue | The Saharan Aerosol Long-range Transport and Aerosol-Cloud-interaction Experiment (SALTRACE) (ACP/AMT inter-journal SI)(ACP/AMT inter-journal SI)

Special issue | The Saharan Aerosol Long-range Transport and Aerosol-Cloud-interaction Experiment (SALTRACE) (ACP/AMT inter-journal SI)(ACP/AMT inter-journal SI)

Special issue | The Saharan Aerosol Long-range Transport and Aerosol-Cloud-interaction Experiment (SALTRACE) (ACP/AMT inter-journal SI)(ACP/AMT inter-journal SI)