the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
The SPARC water vapour assessment II: Biases and drifts of water vapour satellite data records with respect to frost point hygrometer records
Michael Kiefer
Dale F. Hurst
Gabriele P. Stiller
Stefan Lossow
Holger Vömel
John Anderson
Faiza Azam
Jean-Loup Bertaux
Laurent Blanot
Klaus Bramstedt
John P. Burrows
Robert Damadeo
Bianca Maria Dinelli
Patrick Eriksson
Maya García-Comas
John C. Gille
Mark Hervig
Yasuko Kasai
Farahnaz Khosrawi
Donal Murtagh
Gerald E. Nedoluha
Stefan Noël
Piera Raspollini
William G. Read
Karen H. Rosenlof
Alexei Rozanov
Christopher E. Sioris
Takafumi Sugita
Thomas von Clarmann
Kaley A. Walker
Katja Weigel
Abstract. Satellite data records of stratospheric water vapour have been compared to balloon-borne frost point hygrometer (FP) profiles that are coincident in space and time. The satellite data records of 15 different instruments cover water vapour data available from January 2000 through December 2016. The hygrometer data are from 27 stations all over the world in the same period. For the comparison, real or constructed averaging kernels have been applied to the hygrometer profiles to adjust them to the measurement characteristics of the satellite instruments. For bias evaluation, we have compared satellite profiles averaged over the available temporal coverage to the means of coincident FP profiles for individual stations. For drift determinations, we analyzed timeseries of relative differences between spatiotemporally coincident satellite and hygrometer profiles at individual stations. In a synopsis we have also calculated the mean biases and drifts (and their respective uncertainties) for each satellite record over all applicable hygrometer stations in three altitude ranges (10–30 hPa, 30–100 hPa, and 100 hPa to tropopause). Most of the satellite data have biases < 10 % and average drifts < 1 % yr−1 in at least one of the respective altitude ranges. Virtually all biases are significant in the sense that their uncertainty range in terms of twice the standard error of the mean does not include zero. Statistically significant drifts (95 % confidence) are detected for 35 % of the ~1200 timeseries of relative differences between satellites and hygrometers.
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Michael Kiefer et al.
Status: open (until 27 Jun 2023)
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RC1: 'Comment on amt-2023-86', Hugh C. Pumphrey, 24 Apr 2023
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Michael Kiefer et al.
Michael Kiefer et al.
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