Preprints
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-101
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-101
02 Jul 2024
 | 02 Jul 2024
Status: this preprint is currently under review for the journal AMT.

JAXA Level2 algorithms for EarthCARE mission from single to four sensors: new perspective of cloud, aerosol, radiation and dynamics

Hajime Okamoto, Kaori Sato, Tomoaki Nishizawa, Yoshitaka Jin, Takashi Nakajima, Minrui Wang, Masaki Satoh, Kentaroh Suzuki, Woosub Roh, Akira Yamauchi, Hiroaki Horie, Yuichi Ohno, Yuichiro Hagihara, Hiroshi Ishimoto, Rei Kudo, Takuji Kubota, and Toshiyuki Tanaka

Abstract. This article gives the overview of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) level 2 (L2) Standard and Research algorithms and products by Japanese science teams for EarthCARE Clouds, Aerosols and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE), which is a JAXA and the European Space Agency (ESA) joint satellite mission. First three single sensor algorithms for 94GHz cloud profiling radar (CPR)-only, 355nm-atmospheric lidar with high spectral resolution function (ATLID)-only, and multi-spectral imager (MSI)-only retrievals, and their products were briefly reviewed. CPR-echo algorithms provide radar reflectivity factor, Doppler velocity, normalized radar cross section and path integral attenuation. CPR-only, CPR-ATLID synergy and CPR-ALTID-MSI synergy algorithms for standard cloud products provide cloud detection, cloud particle type and cloud microphysics, and the research products further provide Doppler velocity, terminal velocity and vertical air motion inside clouds. ATLID standalone algorithms produce aerosol, cloud and clear sky classification products as well as total aerosol extinction and extinction and number concentration of each aerosol types. ATLID-MSI synergy algorithms are developed to retrieve effective radius for each aerosol species in addition to the ATLID-only products. MSI algorithms retrieve cloud effective radius, ice and water content and cloud top pressure. Four sensor algorithms are prepared to produce shortwave and longwave radiative fluxes at the top of atmosphere, those at the surface and also heating rate profiles by using the outputs from CPR, ATLID and their synergy algorithms. The shortwave and longwave fluxes from the four sensor algorithms will then be compared with broad band radiation (BBR) to examine the consistency of the JAXA L2 retrievals.

The algorithms are developed and evaluated by using observational data from satellites and ground-based instruments, and simulation data from the Japanese global cloud-resolving model, the Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) with Joint simulator. As for space-borne data, existing space-borne satellites data such as CloudSat, CALIPSO, MODIS and CERES datasets are intensively used. For ground-based observations, High-sensitivity Ground-based Super Polarimetric Ice-crystal Detection and Explication Radar (HG-SPIDER) with a minimum sensitivity of -40 dBZ at 15 km and over -60 dBZ at 1 km, Electronic Scanning SPIDER (ES-SPIDER), 355 nm high spectral resolution lidar, multiple-field-of-view multiple scattering lidar and Doppler lidars are installed at EarthCARE super-site in Koganei, Tokyo and offers unique opportunities to evaluate and analyse EarthCARE data.

Publisher's note: Copernicus Publications remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims made in the text, published maps, institutional affiliations, or any other geographical representation in this preprint. The responsibility to include appropriate place names lies with the authors.
Hajime Okamoto, Kaori Sato, Tomoaki Nishizawa, Yoshitaka Jin, Takashi Nakajima, Minrui Wang, Masaki Satoh, Kentaroh Suzuki, Woosub Roh, Akira Yamauchi, Hiroaki Horie, Yuichi Ohno, Yuichiro Hagihara, Hiroshi Ishimoto, Rei Kudo, Takuji Kubota, and Toshiyuki Tanaka

Status: final response (author comments only)

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on amt-2024-101', Anonymous Referee #1, 22 Jul 2024
  • RC2: 'Comment on amt-2024-101', Anonymous Referee #2, 02 Aug 2024
  • RC3: 'Comment on amt-2024-101', Anonymous Referee #3, 15 Aug 2024
Hajime Okamoto, Kaori Sato, Tomoaki Nishizawa, Yoshitaka Jin, Takashi Nakajima, Minrui Wang, Masaki Satoh, Kentaroh Suzuki, Woosub Roh, Akira Yamauchi, Hiroaki Horie, Yuichi Ohno, Yuichiro Hagihara, Hiroshi Ishimoto, Rei Kudo, Takuji Kubota, and Toshiyuki Tanaka
Hajime Okamoto, Kaori Sato, Tomoaki Nishizawa, Yoshitaka Jin, Takashi Nakajima, Minrui Wang, Masaki Satoh, Kentaroh Suzuki, Woosub Roh, Akira Yamauchi, Hiroaki Horie, Yuichi Ohno, Yuichiro Hagihara, Hiroshi Ishimoto, Rei Kudo, Takuji Kubota, and Toshiyuki Tanaka

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Short summary
This article gives overviews of the JAXA L2 algorithms and products by Japanese science teams for EarthCARE. The algorithms provide corrected Doppler velocity, cloud particle shape and orientations, microphysics of clouds and aerosols, and radiative fluxes and heating rate. The retrievals by the algorithms are demonstrated and evaluated using NICAM/J-simulator outputs. The JAXA EarthCARE L2 products will bring new scientific knowledge about the clouds, aerosols, radiation and convections.