Preprints
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-183
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2024-183
19 Nov 2024
 | 19 Nov 2024
Status: this preprint is currently under review for the journal AMT.

Using the FY-3E satellite hyperspectral infrared atmospheric sounder to quantitatively monitor volcanic SO2

Xinyu Li, Lin Zhu, Hongfu Sun, Jun Li, Ximing Lv, Chengli Qi, and Huanhuan Yan

Abstract. The Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder Type II (HIRAS-II) aboard the Fengyun 3E (FY-3E) satellite provides valuable data on the vertical distribution of atmospheric states. However, effectively extracting quantitative atmospheric information from the observations is challenging due to the large number of hyperspectral sensor channels, inter-channel correlations, associated observational errors, and susceptibility of the results to influence by trace gases. This study explores the potential of FY-3E/HIRAS-II to atmospheric loadings of SO2 from volcanic eruption. A methodology for selecting SO2 sensitive channels from the large number of hyperspectral channels recorded by FY-3E/HIRAS-II is presented. The methodology allows for the selection of SO2-sensitive channels that contain similar information on variations in atmospheric temperature and water vapor for minimizing the influence of atmospheric water vapor and temperature to SO2. A sensitivity study shows that the difference in brightness temperature between the experimentally selected SO2 sensitive channels and the background channels effectively removes interference signals from surface temperature, atmospheric temperature, and water vapor during SO2 detection and inversion. A positive difference between near-surface atmospheric temperature and surface temperature enables the infrared band to capture more SO2 information in the lower and middle layers. The efficacy of FY-3E/HIRAS-II SO2 sensitive channels in quantitively monitor volcanic SO2 is demonstrated using data from the 29 April 2024 eruption of Mount Ruang in Indonesia. Using FY-3E/HIRAS-II measurements, the spatial distribution and quantitatively information of volcanic SO2 are easily observed. The channel selection can significantly enhance the computation efficiency while maintain the accuracy of SO2 detection and retrieval, despite the large volume of data.

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Xinyu Li, Lin Zhu, Hongfu Sun, Jun Li, Ximing Lv, Chengli Qi, and Huanhuan Yan

Status: open (until 17 Jan 2025)

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Xinyu Li, Lin Zhu, Hongfu Sun, Jun Li, Ximing Lv, Chengli Qi, and Huanhuan Yan
Xinyu Li, Lin Zhu, Hongfu Sun, Jun Li, Ximing Lv, Chengli Qi, and Huanhuan Yan

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Short summary
This paper proposes a novel methodology for selecting Sulfur dioxide (SO2) sensitive channels from FY-3E/HIRAS-II hyperspectral IR atmospheric sensors to quantitatively monitor volcanic SO2. This methodology considers the interference of atmospheric temperature, humidity, and surface temperature on SO2 detection and retrieval, laying the groundwork for developing a more accurate and flexible volcanic SO2 retrieval algorithm under different atmospheric conditions.