https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/ Combined list of the recent articles of the journal Atmospheric Measurement Techniques and the recent discussion forum Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions en https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6503-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6503-2026 <b>The MISR Research Product Algorithm – producing global, self-consistent, pixel-level aerosol retrievals for the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer</b><br> Michael Anstett, James A. Limbacher, and Ralph A. Kahn<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6503–6516, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6503-2026, 2026<br> This paper describes the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) Research Product Algorithm (MRPA) and analyzes its performance. The MRPA an aerosol retrieval algorithm based on the MISR aerosol Research Algorithm (RA), which explored and introduced innovations into MISR aerosol retrievals. Previously, the RA ran on a limited, case-by-case basis. The MRPA is an automated version optimized so users can create 1.1 km-resolution, quality aerosol-type results for most of the MISR data record. Fri, 16 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6517-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6517-2026 <b>Classification-constrained retrieval of PM2.5 vertical profiles from fluorescence-raman-mie polarization lidar</b><br> Siying Chen, Yingjie Shu, He Chen, Pan Guo, Yurong Jiang, Guoxing Hu, Xiaolei Zhang, Haokai Yang, Mengjun Feng, Yue Cao, and Kaitong Zhang<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6517–6534, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6517-2026, 2026<br> Air pollution can change rapidly above cities, while ground monitors show conditions at only one height. We used a laser-based instrument to distinguish urban pollution particles from dust and estimate how fine-particle pollution changed with height over Beijing. Testing against independent monitoring data showed that accounting for particle type reduced errors by 38 %. This approach can improve understanding of pollution layers and their movement. Fri, 16 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6487-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6487-2026 <b>An assessment of lunar photometry in AERONET</b><br> Joel Schafer, Thomas F. Eck, Ilya Slutsker, Pawan Gupta, Mikhail Sorokin, Alexander Sinyuk, and Alexander Smirnov<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6487–6502, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6487-2026, 2026<br> A global network of ground-based instruments has been using moonlight to measure atmospheric aerosols at night, producing the world's largest such dataset. Employing an empirical correction method that accounts for the Moon's complex and variable brightness results in nighttime measurements that agree closely with daytime measurements during day/night transition intervals under stable aerosol conditions.  Thu, 15 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6469-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6469-2026 <b>Atmospheric CO2 and CH4 measurements at Schauinsland station, Germany: a comparative study of diurnal and seasonal variations at 12 and 35 m intake height</b><br> Julian Großmann, Frank Meinhardt, Antje Hoheisel, Bryan Hellack, and Martina Schmidt<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6469–6485, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6469-2026, 2026<br> Long-term measurements of atmospheric CO2 have been conducted at Schauinsland station in southwest Germany since 1972. In order possibly to relocate the air intake line from 12 m to 35 m above ground, we compared three years of parallel CO2 and CH4 measurements. We find systematic differences in diurnal and seasonal variations for CO2, but not for CH4. The results of our study indicate that measurements should be taken at both heights to ensure consistency with historical records. Wed, 14 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6447-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6447-2026 <b>Spectral signatures of zenith sky radiance from surface-based sky radiometers: implications for clear- and cloudy-sky detection</b><br> Pradeep Khatri, Hitoshi Irie, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Isamu Morino, Yoshitaka Jin, Tadahiro Hayasaka, Hironobu Iwabuchi, Tamio Takamura, and Yoshiki Takayama<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6447–6467, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6447-2026, 2026<br> This study investigates the spectral characteristics of zenith sky radiances under clear- and cloudy-sky conditions using SKYNET sky radiometer observations. It proposes a simple, physically interpretable method for distinguishing sky states and demonstrates that wavelength-dependent radiance information can support reliable sky-state detection across diverse atmospheric environments. Wed, 14 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6395-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6395-2026 <b>The proof-of-concept for raindrop size distribution retrieval using combined dual-frequency radar DFR</b><br> Liang Feng, Jiefan Yang, Zeyong Guo, Jiming Sun, Yue Sun, Huiling Yang, and Xiangfeng Hu<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6395–6414, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6395-2026, 2026<br> The dual-frequency radar can retrieve raindrop size distribution but causes ambiguity between dual-frequency ratio and raindrop diameter for small drops. To solve this, our study added a third radar frequency, using scattering simulations based on real raindrop observations. We established clear links between different dual-frequency ratio and raindrop size. Results show the ambiguity is greatly reduced and our method outperforms conventional ones, especially in light rain detection. Tue, 13 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6415-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6415-2026 <b>New operational perspective to identify aerosols and hydrometeors in real-time with a pioneering algorithm (CONIOPOL) based on single-wavelength polarization lidar (CL61)</b><br> Quentin Laffineur, Alexander Mangold, and Andy W. Delcloo<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6415–6446, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6415-2026, 2026<br> CONIOPOL (CONIOlogy + POLarization) is a new algorithm for continuous, real-time classification of aerosols and hydrometeors using a single-wavelength polarization-enabled automatic lidar. Applied to one year of CL61 observations in Belgium, it provides physically consistent aerosol typing and seasonal patterns. Comparisons with CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) and sensitivity tests support its potential for operational monitoring and long-term aerosol climatology. Tue, 13 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6379-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6379-2026 <b>The enhanced capabilities of mid-infrared limb emission sounding to observe stratospheric aerosol injection geoengineering</b><br> Pasquale Sellitto, Mona Kosary, Michael Höpfner, Bernd Funke, Alex Hoffmann, Jörn Ungermann, Quentin Errera, Simone Tilmes, and Björn-Martin Sinnhuber<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6379–6393, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6379-2026, 2026<br> To counterbalance human-caused global warming, highly controversial geoengineering techniques, based on stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), have been proposed as a complement to climate change mitigation. Possible unilateral SAI deployments or tests are a risk. We show that existing satellite instruments do not have the capability to detect unilateral SAI experiments and we propose a future satellite technique, infrared limb emission sounding, that can provide this missing capability. Mon, 12 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6341-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6341-2026 <b>Research on deep learning-based missing echo restoration method for weather radar mosaic data</b><br> Husong Guo, Muyun Du, Xiangyu Fan, Cuihong Wu, Anwei Lai, and Hedi Ma<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6341–6356, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6341-2026, 2026<br> Radar mosaic data is crucial for accurate and timely disaster weather warnings. However, missing regional data – caused by hardware failures or delayed file transfers, severely limits its quantitative use. Existing methods either struggle with complex and diverse missing patterns; or rely on known missing masks. To address this, We propose a deep learning–based radar echo restoration method that requires no explicit missing-data prior and delivers reliable, real-time performance. Tue, 06 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6327-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6327-2026 <b>Estimating beam pointing of vertically pointing cloud radars using radiosonde measurements</b><br> Min Deng, Scott E. Giangrande, Adam K. Theisen, Karen L. Johnson, Iosif A. Lindenmaier, Timothy G. Wendler, Jennifer Comstock, Marquette Rocque, Zeen Zhu, and Alyssa Matthews<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6327–6339, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6327-2026, 2026<br> Cloud radars are used to measure air motion, clouds, and precipitation, but small pointing errors can reduce their accuracy. We developed a method to detect these errors using routine weather balloon observations. Tests with several radar systems in different environments showed that the method can identify small but important pointing biases, helping improve the accuracy and long-term consistency of weather and climate observations. Tue, 06 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6357-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6357-2026 <b>Towards harmonized measurements of condensable vapors: insights from the intercomparison of six chemical ionization mass spectrometers at a boreal forest site</b><br> Cecilia Righi, Mihai Ciobanu, Neha Deot, Tuija Jokinen, Chengfeng Liu, Qi Yuan, Lauriane L. J. Quéléver, Spiro Jorga, Veronika Pospisilova, Lisa J. Beck, Mario Simon, Marcel Zauner-Wieczorek, Andreas Kürten, Ruben Soler, Teresa Vera, Amalia Muñoz, Lauri R. Ahonen, Chao Yan, Tuukka Petäjä, and Nina Sarnela<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6357–6378, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6357-2026, 2026<br> Chemical ionization mass spectrometry is widely used to detect condensable vapors as sulfuric acid and highly oxygenated organic molecules, but results across studies are not always comparable. In summer 2024, an intercomparison campaign involving six instruments was conducted at a boreal forest site. Comparable measurements were achievable when all calibration and correction factors were applied. Instrument behavior depended more on inlet design and operating conditions than reagent ion choice. Tue, 06 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6293-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6293-2026 <b>EigenFlux: a stable multi-stream radiative transfer method for strongly scattering media</b><br> Daniel P. Johnson and Matthew S. Johnson<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6293–6309, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6293-2026, 2026<br> Light scattering is important in the atmosphere, oceans, snow, ice, paints, and many other materials. We developed EigenFlux, a new open-source method for simulating how light moves through complex materials. It remains accurate, stable, and efficient even when scattering is extremely strong or highly directional, conditions that can challenge existing methods. This broadens the range of systems that can be modeled reliably. Mon, 05 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6311-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6311-2026 <b>On-line analysis of N2O isotopic composition during biological nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment to disentangle production and reduction processes</b><br> Hannes Keck, Laurence Strubbe, Paul M. Magyar, Adriano Joss, Andreas Froemelt, André Kupferschmid, Klaus-Holger Knorr, and Joachim Mohn<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6311–6326, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6311-2026, 2026<br> We monitored nitrous oxide in a pilot wastewater treatment plant in real time to understand how microbes produce and remove this greenhouse gas. We designed and tested a laser-based analytical setup, with which we were able to show that denitrification is the main source of nitrous oxide emissions and that low oxygen concentrations enhances nitrous oxide removal. Our approach offers a new way to monitor the wastewater treatment processes and to cut climate-relevant nitrous oxide emissions. Mon, 05 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6267-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6267-2026 <b>The LOLland offshore Lidar EXperiment (LOLLEX): a novel observational approach for the study of wind farm flow and entrainment</b><br> Shokoufeh Malekmohammadi, Etienne Cheynet, Joachim Reuder, Claus Linnemann, Mikael Sjöholm, Jakob Mann, and Gregor Giebel<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6267–6292, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6267-2026, 2026<br> This study presents a lidar measurement strategy developed during a one-year offshore campaign. A ship-based scanning lidar provided high-resolution vertical wind measurements used to study turbulent mixing and atmospheric waves, complemented by wind speed profiles from a co-located wind profiler. A scanning lidar on a fixed platform observed turbine wakes, supported by the ship-based profiler. The results demonstrate the value of the strategy and dataset for wind energy and atmospheric science. Fri, 02 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6209-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6209-2026 <b>Long-term climatology of vertical profiles of polarimetric variables and ice-microphysical retrievals at X-band – Part 1: Radar calibration</b><br> Tobias Scharbach, Velibor Pejcic, and Silke Trömel<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6209–6228, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6209-2026, 2026<br> For the X-band radar in Bonn, the birdbath method has proven to be insufficient for calibrating differential reflectivity. This study raises awareness of the need for critically applying the birdbath method. A novel technique for calibrating the reflectivity factor is presented and compared with satellite measurements, serving as ground truth, and a known standard calibration method. The offset values agree well with the satellite and even exceed the accuracy of the standard calibration method. Fri, 02 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6251-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6251-2026 <b>Dual-frequency profiler study of hydrometeor fall speeds in tropical deep convection</b><br> Scott E. Giangrande, Christopher R. Williams, and Alain Protat<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6251–6265, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6251-2026, 2026<br> Better characterization of precipitation characteristics has important implications for simulated storm behaviors and remotely-sensed retrievals of cloud intensity. We use a unique radar technique to estimate the fall speeds of media found within deep tropical clouds. These retrievals can be performed within intense storm conditions that are otherwise impractical to sample. Our observations suggest mixed media or graupel fall speeds are contextually faster than prior references. Fri, 02 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6229-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6229-2026 <b>From opportunity to continuity: a CubeSat implementation to enhance Earth's radiation budget observations from space</b><br> McKenzie A. Hawkins, Matthew Watwood, Mathew van den Heever, Peter Pilewskie, and Dave Harber<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6229–6250, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6229-2026, 2026<br> Continuous monitoring of Earth's energy balance from space is essential for understanding climate change. Beyond the next planned mission, continuity of these observations remains uncertain. Earth-viewing observations from a CubeSat designed to observe the Sun were compared to established Earth-observing instruments, showing close agreement. Results suggest CubeSats could reduce the risk of gaps in long-term records and that solar-monitoring instruments could be designed to observe Earth, too. Fri, 02 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6193-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6193-2026 <b>Evaluation of a moist-adiabat cloud-top height retrieval for parallax correction of deep convective clouds across Meteosat generations</b><br> Andrzej Z. Kotarba<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6193–6208, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6193-2026, 2026<br> Deep convective clouds are difficult to locate precisely in weather satellite images due to viewing-angle distortions. We tested a method that estimates cloud-top heights from infrared temperature data alone — available on weather satellites for over 40 years without need for advanced sensors. The method proved accurate enough to correct these distortions, enabling consistent long-term storm cloud records across all generations of European weather satellites using a single, uniform approach. Thu, 01 Oct 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6171-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6171-2026 <b>Satellite-based global monitoring of urban-scale methane emissions</b><br> Huihui Long, Maria Tsivlidou, Hugo Ricketts, and Grant Allen<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6171–6191, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6171-2026, 2026<br> Methane emissions from cities are difficult to quantify using direct measurements. Satellites like TROPOMI can help with this. This study develops new ways to calculate emissions from satellite data and tests new methods for London, New York and Los Angeles in recent years. Tue, 29 Sep 2026 21:36:10 +0200 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6159-2026 https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6159-2026 <b>Good performance of low-cost fast-response carbon dioxide sensor based on intercomparison with the standard eddy-covariance system</b><br> Üllar Rannik, Ivan Mammarella, Timo Vesala, Pirkko Väkimies, Hilkka Heiskari-Tuohiniemi, and Mika Korkiakoski<br> Atmos. Meas. Tech., 19, 6159–6169, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6159-2026, 2026<br> We present a case study that aimed to develop an inexpensive yet precise fast-response carbon dioxide and water vapour sensor. A working prototype was developed and field-tested against a scientific eddy covariance setup. Attention was paid to internal auto-calibration procedure such that signal drifting was avoided and the instrument was capable of measuring fluxes with high correlation relative to the reference setup. Mon, 28 Sep 2026 21:36:10 +0200