Articles | Volume 10, issue 10 
            
                
                    
            
            
            https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3719-2017
                    © Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3719-2017
                    © Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
MAX-DOAS measurements of HONO slant column densities during the MAD-CAT campaign: inter-comparison, sensitivity studies on spectral analysis settings, and error budget
                                            Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
                                        
                                    
                                            Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Key Laboratory of
Environmental Optics and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
                                        
                                    Steffen Beirle
                                            Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
                                        
                                    Francois Hendrick
                                            Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy – BIRA-IASB, Brussels, Belgium
                                        
                                    Andreas Hilboll
                                            Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen,
Germany
                                        
                                    
                                            Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM), University of
Bremen, Bremen, Germany
                                        
                                    Junli Jin
                                            Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China
                                        
                                    
                                            CMA Meteorological Observation Centre, Beijing, China
                                        
                                    Aleksandra A. Kyuberis
                                            Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny
Novgorod, Russia
                                        
                                    Johannes Lampel
                                            Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Heidelberg,
Heidelberg, Germany
                                        
                                    
                                            Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
                                        
                                    Ang Li
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
                                            
                                    
                                            Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Key Laboratory of
Environmental Optics and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
                                        
                                    Yuhan Luo
                                            Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Key Laboratory of
Environmental Optics and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
                                        
                                    Lorenzo Lodi
                                            Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London,
Gower St, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
                                        
                                    Jianzhong Ma
                                            Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China
                                        
                                    Monica Navarro
                                            Area de Investigación e Instrumentación Atmosférica,
INTA, Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain
                                        
                                    Ivan Ortega
                                            Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado,
Boulder, CO, USA
                                        
                                    Enno Peters
                                            Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen,
Germany
                                        
                                    Oleg L. Polyansky
                                            Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London,
Gower St, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
                                        
                                    
                                            Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny
Novgorod, Russia
                                        
                                    Julia Remmers
                                            Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
                                        
                                    Andreas Richter
                                            Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen,
Germany
                                        
                                    Olga Puentedura
                                            Area de Investigación e Instrumentación Atmosférica,
INTA, Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain
                                        
                                    Michel Van Roozendael
                                            Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy – BIRA-IASB, Brussels, Belgium
                                        
                                    André Seyler
                                            Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen,
Germany
                                        
                                    Jonathan Tennyson
                                            Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London,
Gower St, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
                                        
                                    Rainer Volkamer
                                            Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado,
Boulder, CO, USA
                                        
                                    Pinhua Xie
                                            Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Key Laboratory of
Environmental Optics and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
                                        
                                    
                                            CAS Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment,
Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021,
China
                                        
                                    Nikolai F. Zobov
                                            Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny
Novgorod, Russia
                                        
                                    Thomas Wagner
                                            Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
                                        
                                    Viewed
                        
                            Total article views: 4,516 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
                        
                            
                                
                                
                            
                                
                                
                            
                        
                        
                            Cumulative views and downloads 
                                         (calculated since 07 Feb 2017)
                        
                        
                            
                                
                            
                    
        
                    
                    | HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,671 | 1,723 | 122 | 4,516 | 650 | 176 | 180 | 
- HTML: 2,671
 - PDF: 1,723
 - XML: 122
 - Total: 4,516
 - Supplement: 650
 - BibTeX: 176
 - EndNote: 180
 
                        
                            Total article views: 3,415 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
                        
                            
                                
                                
                            
                                
                                
                            
                        
                        
                            Cumulative views and downloads 
                                         (calculated since 12 Oct 2017)
                        
                        
                            
                                
                            
                    
                    
                    | HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,198 | 1,125 | 92 | 3,415 | 361 | 152 | 143 | 
- HTML: 2,198
 - PDF: 1,125
 - XML: 92
 - Total: 3,415
 - Supplement: 361
 - BibTeX: 152
 - EndNote: 143
 
                        
                            Total article views: 1,101 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
                        
                            
                                
                                
                            
                                
                                
                            
                        
                        
                            Cumulative views and downloads 
                                         (calculated since 07 Feb 2017)
                        
                        
                            
                                
                            
                    
        
                
            | HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 473 | 598 | 30 | 1,101 | 289 | 24 | 37 | 
- HTML: 473
 - PDF: 598
 - XML: 30
 - Total: 1,101
 - Supplement: 289
 - BibTeX: 24
 - EndNote: 37
 
Viewed (geographical distribution)
                                Total article views: 4,516 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
                                
                                Thereof 4,448 with geography defined
                                    and 68 with unknown origin. 
                            
        
                            
                                Total article views: 3,415 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
                                
                                Thereof 3,382 with geography defined
                                    and 33 with unknown origin. 
                            
        
                            
                                Total article views: 1,101 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
                                
                                Thereof 1,066 with geography defined
                                    and 35 with unknown origin. 
                            
                    | Country | # | Views | % | 
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % | 
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % | 
|---|
| Total: | 0 | 
| HTML: | 0 | 
| PDF: | 0 | 
| XML: | 0 | 
- 1
 
1
                            | Total: | 0 | 
| HTML: | 0 | 
| PDF: | 0 | 
| XML: | 0 | 
- 1
 
1
                            | Total: | 0 | 
| HTML: | 0 | 
| PDF: | 0 | 
| XML: | 0 | 
- 1
 
1
                            Cited
30 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Evaluation and measurement of tropospheric glyoxal retrieved from MAX-DOAS in Shenzhen, China H. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162727
 - Vertical distributions of wintertime atmospheric nitrogenous compounds and the corresponding OH radicals production in Leshan, southwest China C. Xing et al. 10.1016/j.jes.2020.11.019
 - Development of a Quantum Cascade Laser-Based Sensor for Environmental HONO Monitoring in the Mid-Infrared at 8 μm X. Cui et al. 10.1109/JLT.2018.2876672
 - Global nitrous acid emissions and levels of regional oxidants enhanced by wildfires N. Theys et al. 10.1038/s41561-020-0637-7
 - The ν4 bands at 11 µm: linelists for the Trans- and Cis- conformer forms of nitrous acid (HONO) in the 2019 version of the GEISA database R. Armante et al. 10.1080/00268976.2021.1951860
 - Daytime HONO, NO2 and aerosol distributions from MAX-DOAS observations in Melbourne R. Ryan et al. 10.5194/acp-18-13969-2018
 - Intercomparison of NO2, O4, O3 and HCHO slant column measurements by MAX-DOAS and zenith-sky UV–visible spectrometers during CINDI-2 K. Kreher et al. 10.5194/amt-13-2169-2020
 - The tilt effect in DOAS observations J. Lampel et al. 10.5194/amt-10-4819-2017
 - A review of measurements and model simulations of atmospheric nitrous acid L. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121094
 - A highly accurate ab initio dipole moment surface for the ground electronic state of water vapour for spectra extending into the ultraviolet E. Conway et al. 10.1063/1.5043545
 - The Characterization of Haze and Dust Processes Using MAX-DOAS in Beijing, China H. Ren et al. 10.3390/rs13245133
 - Detection of O4 absorption around 328 and 419 nm in measured atmospheric absorption spectra J. Lampel et al. 10.5194/acp-18-1671-2018
 - Comparative assessment of TROPOMI and OMI formaldehyde observations and validation against MAX-DOAS network column measurements I. De Smedt et al. 10.5194/acp-21-12561-2021
 - Inter-comparison of MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric HONO slant column densities and vertical profiles during the CINDI-2 campaign Y. Wang et al. 10.5194/amt-13-5087-2020
 - McPrA - A new gas profile inversion algorithm for MAX-DOAS and apply to 50 m vertical resolution J. Zheng et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165828
 - Quantitative comparison of measured and simulated O4 absorptions for one day with extremely low aerosol load over the tropical Atlantic T. Wagner et al. 10.5194/amt-14-3871-2021
 - MAX-DOAS observations of pollutant distribution and transboundary transport in typical regions of China H. Ren et al. 10.1016/j.jes.2024.04.024
 - Vertical profiles of NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, HONO, HCHO, CHOCHO and aerosols derived from MAX-DOAS measurements at a rural site in the central western North China Plain and their relation to emission sources and effects of regional transport Y. Wang et al. 10.5194/acp-19-5417-2019
 - Evaluation of MAX-DOAS Profile Retrievals under Different Vertical Resolutions of Aerosol and NO2 Profiles and Elevation Angles X. Tian et al. 10.3390/rs15225431
 - Is a scaling factor required to obtain closure between measured and modelled atmospheric O4 absorptions? An assessment of uncertainties of measurements and radiative transfer simulations for 2 selected days during the MAD-CAT campaign T. Wagner et al. 10.5194/amt-12-2745-2019
 - Evaluation of UV–visible MAX-DOAS aerosol profiling products by comparison with ceilometer, sun photometer, and in situ observations in Vienna, Austria S. Schreier et al. 10.5194/amt-14-5299-2021
 - Seasonal Investigation of MAX-DOAS and In Situ Measurements of Aerosols and Trace Gases over Suburban Site of Megacity Shanghai, China A. Tanvir et al. 10.3390/rs14153676
 - Estimation of the Precipitable Water and Water Vapor Fluxes in the Coastal and Inland Cities of China Using MAX-DOAS H. Ren et al. 10.3390/rs13091675
 - Sensitivity Analysis of Gas Retrieval from FS MAX-DOAS Measurements J. Xu et al. 10.3390/rs17010004
 - Observations of Atmospheric NO2 Using a New Low-Cost MAX-DOAS System A. Roşu et al. 10.3390/atmos11020129
 - Ground-based vertical profile observations of atmospheric composition on the Tibetan Plateau (2017–2019) C. Xing et al. 10.5194/essd-13-4897-2021
 - Variation Characteristics and Transportation of Aerosol, NO2, SO2, and HCHO in Coastal Cities of Eastern China: Dalian, Qingdao, and Shanghai X. Li et al. 10.3390/rs13050892
 - Investigation of the Influence of Water Vapor on Heavy Pollution and Its Relationship With AOD Using MAX‐DOAS on the Coast of the Yellow Sea H. Ren et al. 10.1029/2020JD034143
 - Measurements of atmospheric HONO vertical distribution and temporal evolution in Madrid (Spain) using the MAX-DOAS technique D. Garcia-Nieto et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.180
 - Detection of water vapour absorption around 363 nm in measured atmospheric absorption spectra and its effect on DOAS evaluations J. Lampel et al. 10.5194/acp-17-1271-2017
 
29 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Evaluation and measurement of tropospheric glyoxal retrieved from MAX-DOAS in Shenzhen, China H. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162727
 - Vertical distributions of wintertime atmospheric nitrogenous compounds and the corresponding OH radicals production in Leshan, southwest China C. Xing et al. 10.1016/j.jes.2020.11.019
 - Development of a Quantum Cascade Laser-Based Sensor for Environmental HONO Monitoring in the Mid-Infrared at 8 μm X. Cui et al. 10.1109/JLT.2018.2876672
 - Global nitrous acid emissions and levels of regional oxidants enhanced by wildfires N. Theys et al. 10.1038/s41561-020-0637-7
 - The ν4 bands at 11 µm: linelists for the Trans- and Cis- conformer forms of nitrous acid (HONO) in the 2019 version of the GEISA database R. Armante et al. 10.1080/00268976.2021.1951860
 - Daytime HONO, NO2 and aerosol distributions from MAX-DOAS observations in Melbourne R. Ryan et al. 10.5194/acp-18-13969-2018
 - Intercomparison of NO2, O4, O3 and HCHO slant column measurements by MAX-DOAS and zenith-sky UV–visible spectrometers during CINDI-2 K. Kreher et al. 10.5194/amt-13-2169-2020
 - The tilt effect in DOAS observations J. Lampel et al. 10.5194/amt-10-4819-2017
 - A review of measurements and model simulations of atmospheric nitrous acid L. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121094
 - A highly accurate ab initio dipole moment surface for the ground electronic state of water vapour for spectra extending into the ultraviolet E. Conway et al. 10.1063/1.5043545
 - The Characterization of Haze and Dust Processes Using MAX-DOAS in Beijing, China H. Ren et al. 10.3390/rs13245133
 - Detection of O4 absorption around 328 and 419 nm in measured atmospheric absorption spectra J. Lampel et al. 10.5194/acp-18-1671-2018
 - Comparative assessment of TROPOMI and OMI formaldehyde observations and validation against MAX-DOAS network column measurements I. De Smedt et al. 10.5194/acp-21-12561-2021
 - Inter-comparison of MAX-DOAS measurements of tropospheric HONO slant column densities and vertical profiles during the CINDI-2 campaign Y. Wang et al. 10.5194/amt-13-5087-2020
 - McPrA - A new gas profile inversion algorithm for MAX-DOAS and apply to 50 m vertical resolution J. Zheng et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165828
 - Quantitative comparison of measured and simulated O4 absorptions for one day with extremely low aerosol load over the tropical Atlantic T. Wagner et al. 10.5194/amt-14-3871-2021
 - MAX-DOAS observations of pollutant distribution and transboundary transport in typical regions of China H. Ren et al. 10.1016/j.jes.2024.04.024
 - Vertical profiles of NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, HONO, HCHO, CHOCHO and aerosols derived from MAX-DOAS measurements at a rural site in the central western North China Plain and their relation to emission sources and effects of regional transport Y. Wang et al. 10.5194/acp-19-5417-2019
 - Evaluation of MAX-DOAS Profile Retrievals under Different Vertical Resolutions of Aerosol and NO2 Profiles and Elevation Angles X. Tian et al. 10.3390/rs15225431
 - Is a scaling factor required to obtain closure between measured and modelled atmospheric O4 absorptions? An assessment of uncertainties of measurements and radiative transfer simulations for 2 selected days during the MAD-CAT campaign T. Wagner et al. 10.5194/amt-12-2745-2019
 - Evaluation of UV–visible MAX-DOAS aerosol profiling products by comparison with ceilometer, sun photometer, and in situ observations in Vienna, Austria S. Schreier et al. 10.5194/amt-14-5299-2021
 - Seasonal Investigation of MAX-DOAS and In Situ Measurements of Aerosols and Trace Gases over Suburban Site of Megacity Shanghai, China A. Tanvir et al. 10.3390/rs14153676
 - Estimation of the Precipitable Water and Water Vapor Fluxes in the Coastal and Inland Cities of China Using MAX-DOAS H. Ren et al. 10.3390/rs13091675
 - Sensitivity Analysis of Gas Retrieval from FS MAX-DOAS Measurements J. Xu et al. 10.3390/rs17010004
 - Observations of Atmospheric NO2 Using a New Low-Cost MAX-DOAS System A. Roşu et al. 10.3390/atmos11020129
 - Ground-based vertical profile observations of atmospheric composition on the Tibetan Plateau (2017–2019) C. Xing et al. 10.5194/essd-13-4897-2021
 - Variation Characteristics and Transportation of Aerosol, NO2, SO2, and HCHO in Coastal Cities of Eastern China: Dalian, Qingdao, and Shanghai X. Li et al. 10.3390/rs13050892
 - Investigation of the Influence of Water Vapor on Heavy Pollution and Its Relationship With AOD Using MAX‐DOAS on the Coast of the Yellow Sea H. Ren et al. 10.1029/2020JD034143
 - Measurements of atmospheric HONO vertical distribution and temporal evolution in Madrid (Spain) using the MAX-DOAS technique D. Garcia-Nieto et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.180
 
Latest update: 04 Nov 2025
Short summary
            Slant column densities of nitrous acid (HONO) derived from different MAX-DOAS instruments and retrieval software are systematically compared for the first time during the Multi Axis DOAS – Comparison campaign for Aerosols and Trace gases (MAD-CAT) campaign held at MPIC in Mainz, Germany, from June to October 2013. Through the inter-comparisons and sensitivity studies we quantified the uncertainties in the DOAS fits of HONO from different sources and concluded a recommended setting.
            Slant column densities of nitrous acid (HONO) derived from different MAX-DOAS instruments and...