Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
AMT
Articles | Volume 18, issue 17
Articles | Volume 18, issue 17
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-4271-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-4271-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 18, issue 17
Research article
 | 
09 Sep 2025
Research article |  | 09 Sep 2025

The role of fuel and environmental conditions on the amount and composition of primary, fresh, and aged aerosol emissions originating from diesel- and gasoline-operated auxiliary heaters of passenger cars

Henri Oikarinen, Anni Hartikainen, Pauli Simonen, Miska Olin, Ukko-Ville Mäkinen, Petteri Marjanen, Laura Salo, Ville Silvonen, Sampsa Martikainen, Jussi Hoivala, Mika Ihalainen, Pasi Miettinen, Pasi Yli-Pirilä, Olli Sippula, Santtu Mikkonen, and Panu Karjalainen

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Short summary
Fuel-operated auxiliary heaters are used in vehicles to provide extra heating to improve passenger comfort and vehicle functionality in cold climates. Currently heater emissions are not regulated as part of vehicle emissions, so this research was done to assess harmful gaseous and airborne particle emissions from them. Heaters were found to be major source of particles, especially when particles formed after combustion were accounted for, and large carbon monoxide emissions were also observed.
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