Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
AMT
Articles | Volume 19, issue 12
Articles | Volume 19, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-4141-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-4141-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 19, issue 12
Research article
 | 
25 Jun 2026
Research article |  | 25 Jun 2026

Assessment of the RFI environment in key passive microwave bands for Earth observation

Raul Onrubia, Roger Oliva, David Duncan, Niels Bormann, Jose Barbosa, Ioannis Nestoras, Adriano Jordão, Flavio Jorge, Juliette Challot, and Yan Soldo

Data sets

Threshold Generation Coefficients for the EORFIScan Software Raul Onrubia and Roger Oliva https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19727331

GCOM-W/AMSR2 L1B Brightness Temperature Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) https://doi.org/10.57746/EO.01GS73ANS548QGHAKNZDJYXD2H

NOAA Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) of AMSU-A Level 1c Brightness Temperature, Version 1.0 Cheng-Zhi Zou et al. https://doi.org/10.7289/V5X63JT2

Advanced Microwave Radiometer (AMR-C) Level 2 Products (baseline version G01) - Sentinel-6 - Reprocessed EUMETSAT for Copernicus https://doi.org/10.15770/EUM_SEC_CLM_0116

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Short summary
We studied how common unwanted man-made radio frequency interferes affect Earth observation (EO) satellites used for weather and climate studies. We scanned frequencies from 6 to 200 GHz in 2022. We found strong interference at lower ranges, including first signs at 23.8 and 36.5 gigahertz, while higher ranges were mostly clean. These results highlight the need for real-time monitoring, stronger protection from authorities, and on-board and on-ground mitigation systems in EO missions.
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