Articles | Volume 19, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-617-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-617-2026
Research article
 | 
26 Jan 2026
Research article |  | 26 Jan 2026

The Lightning Differential Space framework: multiscale analysis of stroke and flash behavior

Yuval Ben Ami, Orit Altaratz, Yoav Yair, and Ilan Koren

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Cited articles

Altaratz, O., Levin, Z., and Yair, Y.: Winter thunderstorms in Israel: A study with lightning location systems and weather radar, Monthly Weather Review, 129, 1259–1266, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(2001)129<1259:WTIIAS>2.0.CO;2, 2001. 
Altaratz, O., Levin, Z., Yair, Y., and Ziv, B.: Lightning activity over land and sea on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean, Monthly Weather Review, 131, 2060–2070, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(2003)131<2060:LAOLAS>2.0.CO;2, 2003. 
Andreae, M. O., Rosenfeld, D., Artaxo, P., Costa, A. A., Frank, G. P., Longo, K. M., and Silva-Dias, M. A. F. D.: Smoking rain clouds over the Amazon, Science, 303, 1337–1342, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1092779, 2004. 
Ben Ami, Y., Altaratz, O., Yair, Y., and Koren, I.: Lightning characteristics over the eastern coast of the Mediterranean during different synoptic systems, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 2449–2459, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-2449-2015, 2015. 
Ben Ami, Y., Altaratz, O., Koren, I., and Yair, Y.: Allowed and forbidden zones in a Lightning-strokes spatio-temporal differential space, Environmental Research Communications, 4, 031003, https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ac5ec2, 2022. 
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Short summary
We advanced the Lightning Differential Space (LDS) method, which maps time and distance between lightning strokes, and demonstrated its use across three distinct meteorological regions. By comparing stroke strength and timing, our new Current Ratio approach reveals flash initiation patterns in different storm types. The method is straightforward and data-driven, enabling physical insight without model-based analysis or prior assumptions, and supports regional lightning analysis and forecasting.
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