Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
AMT
Articles | Volume 19, issue 2
Articles | Volume 19, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-745-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-745-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 19, issue 2
Research article
 | 
29 Jan 2026
Research article |  | 29 Jan 2026

ACROPOLIS: Munich urban CO2 sensor network

Patrick Aigner, Jia Chen, Felix Böhm, Mali Chariot, Lukas Emmenegger, Lars Frölich, Stuart Grange, Daniel Kühbacher, Klaus Kürzinger, Olivier Laurent, Moritz Makowski, Pascal Rubli, Adrian Schmitt, and Adrian Wenzel

Data sets

ICOS Cities 2024-12 release mid-cost CO$_2$ data from the Munich network ACROPOLIS Patrick Aigner et al. https://doi.org/10.18160/B09J-YS2G

ICOS Cities 2025-12 release mid-cost CO$_2$ data from the Munich network ACROPOLIS Patrick Aigner et al. https://doi.org/10.18160/HWNB-7CD8

Model code and software

ACROPOLIS-edge Patrick Aigner et al. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15849217

ACROPOLIS-data-processing Patrick Aigner and Jia Chen https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15977933

ThingsBoard-Downloader Patrick Aigner and Jia Chen https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15847934

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Short summary
Dense urban CO2 monitoring is challenging due to cost and operational constraints. We developed a mid-cost sensor network for Munich, deployed on 17 rooftops. Temperature-stabilized enclosures and automated 2-point calibration ensured reliable performance, assessed by side-by-side comparison with a Picarro reference. In 1.5 years, the network collected 90 million measurements and resolved urban-rural gradients and seasonal diurnal patterns, capturing spatial CO2 variability at city scale.
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