Articles | Volume 9, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-2015-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-2015-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Design and characterization of specMACS, a multipurpose hyperspectral cloud and sky imager
Florian Ewald
Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Institut für Meteorologie, Munich, Germany
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt, Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
Tobias Kölling
Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Institut für Meteorologie, Munich, Germany
Andreas Baumgartner
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt, Institut für Methodik der Fernerkundung, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany
Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Institut für Meteorologie, Munich, Germany
Bernhard Mayer
Ludwig Maximilians Universität, Institut für Meteorologie, Munich, Germany
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Cited
41 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A High-Altitude Long-Range Aircraft Configured as a Cloud Observatory: The NARVAL Expeditions B. Stevens et al.
- Development of a VNIR/SWIR Multispectral Imaging System for Vegetation Monitoring with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles A. Jenal et al.
- A comprehensive in situ and remote sensing data set collected during the HALO–(𝒜 𝒞)3 aircraft campaign A. Ehrlich et al.
- Improvement of airborne retrievals of cloud droplet number concentration of trade wind cumulus using a synergetic approach K. Wolf et al.
- High-spatial-resolution retrieval of cloud droplet size distribution from polarized observations of the cloudbow V. Pörtge et al.
- Spectroradiometer Calibration for Radiance Transfer Measurements C. Rammeloo & A. Baumgartner
- Selection of robust metrics for the position and width of hyperspectral response functions via a simulation approach D. Perry et al.
- VELOX – a new thermal infrared imager for airborne remote sensing of cloud and surface properties M. Schäfer et al.
- An investigation of the correlation between NIR spectrum of the northern sky and atmospheric parameters from April to December in Toyama, Japan by compact spectrometer system Y. Ohtera & A. Oyama
- Why we need radar, lidar, and solar radiance observations to constrain ice cloud microphysics F. Ewald et al.
- Evaluation of ECMWF Radiation Scheme Using Aircraft Observations of Spectral Irradiance above Clouds K. Wolf et al.
- Polarization upgrade of specMACS: calibration and characterization of the 2D RGB polarization-resolving cameras A. Weber et al.
- Retrieval of cloud thermodynamic phase partitioning from multi-angle polarimetric imaging of Arctic mixed-phase clouds A. Weber et al.
- Radiative effects of long-range-transported Saharan air layers as determined from airborne lidar measurements M. Gutleben et al.
- Consideration of the cloud motion for aircraft-based stereographically derived cloud geometry and cloud top heights L. Volkmer et al.
- Horizontal geometry of trade wind cumuli – aircraft observations from a shortwave infrared imager versus a radar profiler H. Dorff et al.
- Retrieval of cloud fraction and optical thickness of liquid water clouds over the ocean from multi-angle polarization observations C. Emde et al.
- Ice crystal characterization in cirrus clouds II: radiometric characterization of HaloCam for the quantitative analysis of halo displays L. Forster et al.
- EUREC4A: A Field Campaign to Elucidate the Couplings Between Clouds, Convection and Circulation S. Bony et al.
- EUREC4A's HALO H. Konow et al.
- Cloud liquid water path detectability and retrieval accuracy from airborne passive microwave observations over Arctic sea ice N. Risse et al.
- Flower trade‐wind clouds are shallow mesoscale convective systems T. Dauhut et al.
- Aircraft-based stereographic reconstruction of 3-D cloud geometry T. Kölling et al.
- Vertical distribution of the particle phase in tropical deep convective clouds as derived from cloud-side reflected solar radiation measurements E. Jäkel et al.
- Parameterization of 3D cloud geometry and a neural-network-based fast forward operator for polarized radiative transfer A. Weber et al.
- Model-based evaluation of cloud geometry and droplet size retrievals from two-dimensional polarized measurements of specMACS L. Volkmer et al.
- EUREC4A B. Stevens et al.
- The HD(CP)2 Observational Prototype Experiment (HOPE) – an overview A. Macke et al.
- Investigating the liquid water path over the tropical Atlantic with synergistic airborne measurements M. Jacob et al.
- Remote sensing of cloud droplet radius profiles using solar reflectance from cloud sides – Part 1: Retrieval development and characterization F. Ewald et al.
- Cloud macro-physical properties in Saharan-dust-laden and dust-free North Atlantic trade wind regimes: a lidar case study M. Gutleben et al.
- Initial Performance Analysis of the At-Altitude Radiance Ratio Method for Reflectance Conversion of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data L. DeCoffe et al.
- Transformation of point spread functions on an individual pixel scale A. Baumgartner & C. Köhler
- The challenge of simulating the sensitivity of the Amazonian cloud microstructure to cloud condensation nuclei number concentrations P. Polonik et al.
- The North Atlantic Waveguide and Downstream Impact Experiment A. Schäfler et al.
- A Fast All-sky Radiation Model for Solar applications with Narrowband Irradiances on Tilted surfaces (FARMS-NIT): Part II. The cloudy-sky model Y. Xie et al.
- Cloud geometry from oxygen-A-band observations through an aircraft side window T. Zinner et al.
- High‐resolution photography of clouds from the surface: Retrieval of optical depth of thin clouds down to centimeter scales S. Schwartz et al.
- Ground-based imaging remote sensing of ice clouds: uncertainties caused by sensor, method and atmosphere T. Zinner et al.
- Overview: quasi-Lagrangian observations of Arctic air mass transformations – introduction and initial results of the HALO–(𝒜 𝒞)3 aircraft campaign M. Wendisch et al.
- Quasi-Lagrangian observations of cloud transitions during the initial phase of marine cold air outbreaks in the Arctic – Part 1: Temporal and spatial evolution A. Weber et al.
41 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A High-Altitude Long-Range Aircraft Configured as a Cloud Observatory: The NARVAL Expeditions B. Stevens et al.
- Development of a VNIR/SWIR Multispectral Imaging System for Vegetation Monitoring with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles A. Jenal et al.
- A comprehensive in situ and remote sensing data set collected during the HALO–(𝒜 𝒞)3 aircraft campaign A. Ehrlich et al.
- Improvement of airborne retrievals of cloud droplet number concentration of trade wind cumulus using a synergetic approach K. Wolf et al.
- High-spatial-resolution retrieval of cloud droplet size distribution from polarized observations of the cloudbow V. Pörtge et al.
- Spectroradiometer Calibration for Radiance Transfer Measurements C. Rammeloo & A. Baumgartner
- Selection of robust metrics for the position and width of hyperspectral response functions via a simulation approach D. Perry et al.
- VELOX – a new thermal infrared imager for airborne remote sensing of cloud and surface properties M. Schäfer et al.
- An investigation of the correlation between NIR spectrum of the northern sky and atmospheric parameters from April to December in Toyama, Japan by compact spectrometer system Y. Ohtera & A. Oyama
- Why we need radar, lidar, and solar radiance observations to constrain ice cloud microphysics F. Ewald et al.
- Evaluation of ECMWF Radiation Scheme Using Aircraft Observations of Spectral Irradiance above Clouds K. Wolf et al.
- Polarization upgrade of specMACS: calibration and characterization of the 2D RGB polarization-resolving cameras A. Weber et al.
- Retrieval of cloud thermodynamic phase partitioning from multi-angle polarimetric imaging of Arctic mixed-phase clouds A. Weber et al.
- Radiative effects of long-range-transported Saharan air layers as determined from airborne lidar measurements M. Gutleben et al.
- Consideration of the cloud motion for aircraft-based stereographically derived cloud geometry and cloud top heights L. Volkmer et al.
- Horizontal geometry of trade wind cumuli – aircraft observations from a shortwave infrared imager versus a radar profiler H. Dorff et al.
- Retrieval of cloud fraction and optical thickness of liquid water clouds over the ocean from multi-angle polarization observations C. Emde et al.
- Ice crystal characterization in cirrus clouds II: radiometric characterization of HaloCam for the quantitative analysis of halo displays L. Forster et al.
- EUREC4A: A Field Campaign to Elucidate the Couplings Between Clouds, Convection and Circulation S. Bony et al.
- EUREC4A's HALO H. Konow et al.
- Cloud liquid water path detectability and retrieval accuracy from airborne passive microwave observations over Arctic sea ice N. Risse et al.
- Flower trade‐wind clouds are shallow mesoscale convective systems T. Dauhut et al.
- Aircraft-based stereographic reconstruction of 3-D cloud geometry T. Kölling et al.
- Vertical distribution of the particle phase in tropical deep convective clouds as derived from cloud-side reflected solar radiation measurements E. Jäkel et al.
- Parameterization of 3D cloud geometry and a neural-network-based fast forward operator for polarized radiative transfer A. Weber et al.
- Model-based evaluation of cloud geometry and droplet size retrievals from two-dimensional polarized measurements of specMACS L. Volkmer et al.
- EUREC4A B. Stevens et al.
- The HD(CP)2 Observational Prototype Experiment (HOPE) – an overview A. Macke et al.
- Investigating the liquid water path over the tropical Atlantic with synergistic airborne measurements M. Jacob et al.
- Remote sensing of cloud droplet radius profiles using solar reflectance from cloud sides – Part 1: Retrieval development and characterization F. Ewald et al.
- Cloud macro-physical properties in Saharan-dust-laden and dust-free North Atlantic trade wind regimes: a lidar case study M. Gutleben et al.
- Initial Performance Analysis of the At-Altitude Radiance Ratio Method for Reflectance Conversion of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data L. DeCoffe et al.
- Transformation of point spread functions on an individual pixel scale A. Baumgartner & C. Köhler
- The challenge of simulating the sensitivity of the Amazonian cloud microstructure to cloud condensation nuclei number concentrations P. Polonik et al.
- The North Atlantic Waveguide and Downstream Impact Experiment A. Schäfler et al.
- A Fast All-sky Radiation Model for Solar applications with Narrowband Irradiances on Tilted surfaces (FARMS-NIT): Part II. The cloudy-sky model Y. Xie et al.
- Cloud geometry from oxygen-A-band observations through an aircraft side window T. Zinner et al.
- High‐resolution photography of clouds from the surface: Retrieval of optical depth of thin clouds down to centimeter scales S. Schwartz et al.
- Ground-based imaging remote sensing of ice clouds: uncertainties caused by sensor, method and atmosphere T. Zinner et al.
- Overview: quasi-Lagrangian observations of Arctic air mass transformations – introduction and initial results of the HALO–(𝒜 𝒞)3 aircraft campaign M. Wendisch et al.
- Quasi-Lagrangian observations of cloud transitions during the initial phase of marine cold air outbreaks in the Arctic – Part 1: Temporal and spatial evolution A. Weber et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 07 May 2026
Short summary
The new spectrometer of the Munich Aerosol Cloud Scanner (specMACS) is a
multipurpose hyperspectral cloud and sky imager which is designated, but not limited, to investigations of cloud-aerosol interactions in Earth's atmosphere. This paper describes the specMACS instrument's hardware and software design and
characterizes the instrument performance. Initial measurements of cloud sides are presented which demonstrate the wide applicability of the instrument.
The new spectrometer of the Munich Aerosol Cloud Scanner (specMACS) is a
multipurpose...