A laser-induced fluorescence instrument for aircraft measurements of sulfur
dioxide in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere

Rollins, Andrew W.; Thornberry, Troy D.; Ciciora, Steven J.; McLaughlin, Richard J.; Watts, Laurel A.; Hanisco, Thomas F.; Baumann, Esther; Giorgetta, Fabrizio R.; Bui, Thaopaul V.; Fahey, David W.; Gao, Ru-Shan

doi:10.5194/amt-9-4601-2016

Articles | Volume 9, issue 9

https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-4601-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-4601-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 9, issue 9

Research article

|

20 Sep 2016

Research article |

| 20 Sep 2016

A laser-induced fluorescence instrument for aircraft measurements of sulfur dioxide in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere

Andrew W. Rollins, Troy D. Thornberry, Steven J. Ciciora, Richard J. McLaughlin, Laurel A. Watts, Thomas F. Hanisco, Esther Baumann, Fabrizio R. Giorgetta, Thaopaul V. Bui, David W. Fahey, and Ru-Shan Gao

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Views and downloads (calculated since 19 May 2016)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
May 2016	90	33	1	124
Jun 2016	71	21	4	96
Jul 2016	10	3	1	14
Aug 2016	13	5	0	18
Sep 2016	64	20	2	86
Oct 2016	24	9	1	34
Nov 2016	14	12	1	27
Dec 2016	7	6	0	13
Jan 2017	14	8	0	22
Feb 2017	9	7	0	16
Mar 2017	14	11	2	27
Apr 2017	25	10	2	37
May 2017	26	17	0	43
Jun 2017	18	14	3	35
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Nov 2017	11	10	0	21
Dec 2017	12	17	0	29
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Feb 2018	9	3	0	12
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May 2018	17	12	1	30
Jun 2018	13	12	0	25
Jul 2018	17	11	0	28
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Oct 2018	8	12	2	22
Nov 2018	19	13	0	32
Dec 2018	16	13	1	30
Jan 2019	13	9	0	22
Feb 2019	11	11	0	22
Mar 2019	13	15	4	32
Apr 2019	10	15	1	26
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Jan 2020	8	15	1	24
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Sep 2024	11	10	0	21
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Jan 2025	16	10	5	31
Feb 2025	34	11	5	50
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Apr 2025	16	16	0	32
May 2025	16	15	4	35
Jun 2025	39	18	0	57
Jul 2025	19	13	4	36
Aug 2025	33	25	3	61
Sep 2025	54	18	0	72
Oct 2025	26	32	2	60
Nov 2025	17	7	1	25

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 19 May 2016)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
May 2016	90	33	1	124
Jun 2016	71	21	4	96
Jul 2016	10	3	1	14
Aug 2016	13	5	0	18
Sep 2016	64	20	2	86
Oct 2016	24	9	1	34
Nov 2016	14	12	1	27
Dec 2016	7	6	0	13
Jan 2017	14	8	0	22
Feb 2017	9	7	0	16
Mar 2017	14	11	2	27
Apr 2017	25	10	2	37
May 2017	26	17	0	43
Jun 2017	18	14	3	35
Jul 2017	8	7	0	15
Aug 2017	13	9	2	24
Sep 2017	11	10	0	21
Oct 2017	6	8	0	14
Nov 2017	11	10	0	21
Dec 2017	12	17	0	29
Jan 2018	11	10	0	21
Feb 2018	9	3	0	12
Mar 2018	8	10	0	18
Apr 2018	13	9	0	22
May 2018	17	12	1	30
Jun 2018	13	12	0	25
Jul 2018	17	11	0	28
Aug 2018	20	7	0	27
Sep 2018	9	6	1	16
Oct 2018	8	12	2	22
Nov 2018	19	13	0	32
Dec 2018	16	13	1	30
Jan 2019	13	9	0	22
Feb 2019	11	11	0	22
Mar 2019	13	15	4	32
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Feb 2023	12	7	1	20
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Jun 2023	61	6	2	69
Jul 2023	47	11	1	59
Aug 2023	40	10	3	53
Sep 2023	39	11	2	52
Oct 2023	61	14	2	77
Nov 2023	30	6	0	36
Dec 2023	38	8	1	47
Jan 2024	41	10	0	51
Feb 2024	36	9	0	45
Mar 2024	43	12	1	56
Apr 2024	47	20	4	71
May 2024	20	20	6	46
Jun 2024	52	16	5	73
Jul 2024	18	7	3	28
Aug 2024	41	8	6	55
Sep 2024	11	10	0	21
Oct 2024	22	14	0	36
Nov 2024	10	8	2	20
Dec 2024	12	8	1	21
Jan 2025	16	10	5	31
Feb 2025	34	11	5	50
Mar 2025	16	10	1	27
Apr 2025	16	16	0	32
May 2025	16	15	4	35
Jun 2025	39	18	0	57
Jul 2025	19	13	4	36
Aug 2025	33	25	3	61
Sep 2025	54	18	0	72
Oct 2025	26	32	2	60
Nov 2025	17	7	1	25

Latest update: 08 Nov 2025

Short summary

In situ measurements of SO₂ in the tropical UT–LS have been scarce, in part due to limitations of existing instrumentation. Here we present a new laser-induced fluorescence instrument capable of measuring SO₂ in the UT–LS region at single part-per-trillion (ppt) mixing ratios and demonstrate it on the NASA WB-57F aircraft up to 19.7 km altitude.