Articles | Volume 9, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-5975-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-5975-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
13 Dec 2016
Research article |
| 13 Dec 2016
Thermal infrared laser heterodyne spectroradiometry for solar occultation atmospheric CO2 measurements
Alex Hoffmann
Space Science and Technology Department (RAL Space), STFC Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
Neil A. Macleod
Space Science and Technology Department (RAL Space), STFC Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
Marko Huebner
Space Science and Technology Department (RAL Space), STFC Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
Damien Weidmann
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Space Science and Technology Department (RAL Space), STFC Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
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Cited
34 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Evaluation of laser heterodyne radiometry for numerical weather prediction applications F. Smith et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3365
- Research on Multi-Component Greenhouse Gas Simultaneous Detection Based on the Wavelength Modulated Laser Heterodyne Spectroscopy Technology s. chunyan et al. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4053567
- Near-infrared H2S telemetry system under non-cooperative target with a novel mixed heterodyne optical structure scheme for high efficiency H. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105130
- Local oscillator laser power locked laser heterodyne radiometer with variable optical attenuator Z. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2026.121079
- Laser heterodyne spectroradiometer assisted by self-calibrated wavelength modulation spectroscopy for atmospheric CO2 column absorption measurements H. Deng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2020.118071
- Mid-infrared laser heterodyne radiometer (LHR) based on a 353 μm room-temperature interband cascade laser J. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.009610
- Simultaneous detection of multi-component greenhouse gases based on an all-fibered near-infrared single-channel frequency-division multiplexing wavelength-modulated laser heterodyne radiometer C. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2023.122434
- Hollow waveguide-miniaturized quantum cascade laser heterodyne spectro-radiometer I. Robinson et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.415371
- Optimization of All‐Fiber Calibration‐Free Wavelength‐Modulated Laser Heterodyne System for Methane (CH4) Atmospheric Detection C. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.70236
- Improvement of dark signal evaluation and signal-to-noise ratio of multichannel receivers in NIR heterodyne spectroscopy application for simultaneous CO2 and CH4 atmospheric measurements S. Zenevich et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OSAC.395094
- Field measurement of atmospheric CO₂ column abundance based on portable laser heterodyne radiometer Y. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2025.1553252
- Frequency-comb-calibrated Laser Heterodyne Radiometry for Precision Radial Velocity Measurements R. Cole et al. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/adcec8
- Development of a laser heterodyne spectroradiometer for high-resolution measurements of CO2, CH4, H2O and O2 in the atmospheric column H. Deng et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.413035
- Simulation and Performance Evaluation of Laser Heterodyne Spectrometer Based on CO2 Absorption Cell T. Xia et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030788
- Optimization of signal‐to‐noise ratio of laser heterodyne radiometer C. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.33857
- Theoretical analysis of wavelength modulation laser heterodyne spectroscopy Y. Cao et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.33101
- Broadband high-resolution spectroradiometer based on a virtually imaged phased array G. Qiu et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.599687
- A fibered near-infrared laser heterodyne radiometer for simultaneous remote sensing of atmospheric CO2 and CH4 J. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2020.106083
- Wavelength modulation laser heterodyne radiometry P. Martín-Mateos et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.43.003009
- Optical amplification enables a huge sensitivity improvement to laser heterodyne radiometers for high-resolution measurements of atmospheric gases H. Deng et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.468198
- Fiducial Reference Measurement for Greenhouse Gases (FRM4GHG) M. Sha et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16183525
- Air Pollution Measurement and Dispersion Simulation Using Remote and In Situ Monitoring Technologies in an Industrial Complex in Busan, South Korea N. Dehkhoda et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24237836
- Near infrared heterodyne radiometer for continuous measurements of atmospheric CO2 column concentration H. Deng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2019.06.002
- Performance Characterization of a Fully Transportable Mid-Infrared Laser Heterodyne Radiometer (LHR) F. Shen et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23020978
- Design and evaluation of a portable frequency comb-referenced laser heterodyne radiometer A. Moreno-Oyervides et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2023.107801
- Spectrally resolved thermal emission of atmospheric gases measured by laser heterodyne spectrometry A. Hoffmann et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.43.003810
- Standoff Chemical Detection Using Laser Absorption Spectroscopy: A Review J. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12172771
- Temperature-tuned laser heterodyne radiometer H. Deng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113817
- Implementation and characterization of a thermal infrared laser heterodyne radiometer based on a wavelength modulated local oscillator laser P. Martín-Mateos et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.015575
- Measurements of a fully resolved contour of the carbon dioxide absorption line in a band at λ = 1.605 μm in the atmospheric column using high-resolution heterodyne spectroradiometry S. Zenevich et al. https://doi.org/10.1070/QEL16859
- Intercomparison of low- and high-resolution infrared spectrometers for ground-based solar remote sensing measurements of total column concentrations of CO2, CH4, and CO M. Sha et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-4791-2020
- Precision Doppler shift measurements with a frequency comb calibrated laser heterodyne radiometer R. Cole et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.500652
- The Methane Isotopologues by Solar Occultation (MISO) Nanosatellite Mission: Spectral Channel Optimization and Early Performance Analysis D. Weidmann et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9101073
- Vertical wind profiling from the troposphere to the lower mesosphere based on high-resolution heterodyne near-infrared spectroradiometry A. Rodin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-2299-2020
34 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Evaluation of laser heterodyne radiometry for numerical weather prediction applications F. Smith et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3365
- Research on Multi-Component Greenhouse Gas Simultaneous Detection Based on the Wavelength Modulated Laser Heterodyne Spectroscopy Technology s. chunyan et al. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4053567
- Near-infrared H2S telemetry system under non-cooperative target with a novel mixed heterodyne optical structure scheme for high efficiency H. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2024.105130
- Local oscillator laser power locked laser heterodyne radiometer with variable optical attenuator Z. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2026.121079
- Laser heterodyne spectroradiometer assisted by self-calibrated wavelength modulation spectroscopy for atmospheric CO2 column absorption measurements H. Deng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2020.118071
- Mid-infrared laser heterodyne radiometer (LHR) based on a 353 μm room-temperature interband cascade laser J. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.009610
- Simultaneous detection of multi-component greenhouse gases based on an all-fibered near-infrared single-channel frequency-division multiplexing wavelength-modulated laser heterodyne radiometer C. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2023.122434
- Hollow waveguide-miniaturized quantum cascade laser heterodyne spectro-radiometer I. Robinson et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.415371
- Optimization of All‐Fiber Calibration‐Free Wavelength‐Modulated Laser Heterodyne System for Methane (CH4) Atmospheric Detection C. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.70236
- Improvement of dark signal evaluation and signal-to-noise ratio of multichannel receivers in NIR heterodyne spectroscopy application for simultaneous CO2 and CH4 atmospheric measurements S. Zenevich et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OSAC.395094
- Field measurement of atmospheric CO₂ column abundance based on portable laser heterodyne radiometer Y. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2025.1553252
- Frequency-comb-calibrated Laser Heterodyne Radiometry for Precision Radial Velocity Measurements R. Cole et al. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/adcec8
- Development of a laser heterodyne spectroradiometer for high-resolution measurements of CO2, CH4, H2O and O2 in the atmospheric column H. Deng et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.413035
- Simulation and Performance Evaluation of Laser Heterodyne Spectrometer Based on CO2 Absorption Cell T. Xia et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030788
- Optimization of signal‐to‐noise ratio of laser heterodyne radiometer C. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.33857
- Theoretical analysis of wavelength modulation laser heterodyne spectroscopy Y. Cao et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.33101
- Broadband high-resolution spectroradiometer based on a virtually imaged phased array G. Qiu et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.599687
- A fibered near-infrared laser heterodyne radiometer for simultaneous remote sensing of atmospheric CO2 and CH4 J. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2020.106083
- Wavelength modulation laser heterodyne radiometry P. Martín-Mateos et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.43.003009
- Optical amplification enables a huge sensitivity improvement to laser heterodyne radiometers for high-resolution measurements of atmospheric gases H. Deng et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.468198
- Fiducial Reference Measurement for Greenhouse Gases (FRM4GHG) M. Sha et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16183525
- Air Pollution Measurement and Dispersion Simulation Using Remote and In Situ Monitoring Technologies in an Industrial Complex in Busan, South Korea N. Dehkhoda et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24237836
- Near infrared heterodyne radiometer for continuous measurements of atmospheric CO2 column concentration H. Deng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2019.06.002
- Performance Characterization of a Fully Transportable Mid-Infrared Laser Heterodyne Radiometer (LHR) F. Shen et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23020978
- Design and evaluation of a portable frequency comb-referenced laser heterodyne radiometer A. Moreno-Oyervides et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2023.107801
- Spectrally resolved thermal emission of atmospheric gases measured by laser heterodyne spectrometry A. Hoffmann et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.43.003810
- Standoff Chemical Detection Using Laser Absorption Spectroscopy: A Review J. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12172771
- Temperature-tuned laser heterodyne radiometer H. Deng et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113817
- Implementation and characterization of a thermal infrared laser heterodyne radiometer based on a wavelength modulated local oscillator laser P. Martín-Mateos et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.015575
- Measurements of a fully resolved contour of the carbon dioxide absorption line in a band at λ = 1.605 μm in the atmospheric column using high-resolution heterodyne spectroradiometry S. Zenevich et al. https://doi.org/10.1070/QEL16859
- Intercomparison of low- and high-resolution infrared spectrometers for ground-based solar remote sensing measurements of total column concentrations of CO2, CH4, and CO M. Sha et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-4791-2020
- Precision Doppler shift measurements with a frequency comb calibrated laser heterodyne radiometer R. Cole et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.500652
- The Methane Isotopologues by Solar Occultation (MISO) Nanosatellite Mission: Spectral Channel Optimization and Early Performance Analysis D. Weidmann et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9101073
- Vertical wind profiling from the troposphere to the lower mesosphere based on high-resolution heterodyne near-infrared spectroradiometry A. Rodin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-2299-2020
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 12 Jun 2026
Short summary
This paper focuses on the demonstration and assessment of thermal infrared laser heterodyne spectro-radiometry for the remote sensing of carbon dioxide (CO2). A research instrument has been developed and operated from the ground using direct sunlight to measure CO2 to a high precision. This technology would enable the development of high-performance miniature ground-based sounders to complement existing measurement networks and contribute to the improvement of global carbon emission assessment.
This paper focuses on the demonstration and assessment of thermal infrared laser heterodyne...
