Status: this preprint was under review for the journal AMT. A final paper is not foreseen.
Characterization of OCO-2 and ACOS-GOSAT biases and errors for CO2 flux estimates
Susan S. Kulawik,Sean Crowell,David Baker,Junjie Liu,Kathryn McKain,Colm Sweeney,Sebastien C. Biraud,Steve Wofsy,Christopher W. O'Dell,Paul O. Wennberg,Debra Wunch,Coleen M. Roehl,Nicholas M. Deutscher,Matthäus Kiel,David W. T. Griffith,Voltaire A. Velazco,Justus Notholt,Thorsten Warneke,Christof Petri,Martine De Mazière,Mahesh K. Sha,Ralf Sussmann,Markus Rettinger,Dave F. Pollard,Isamu Morino,Osamu Uchino,Frank Hase,Dietrich G. Feist,Sébastien Roche,Kimberly Strong,Rigel Kivi,Laura Iraci,Kei Shiomi,Manvendra K. Dubey,Eliezer Sepulveda,Omaira Elena Garcia Rodriguez,Yao Té,Pascal Jeseck,Pauli Heikkinen,Edward J. Dlugokencky,Michael R. Gunson,Annmarie Eldering,David Crisp,Brendan Fisher,and Gregory B. Osterman
Abstract. We characterize the magnitude of seasonally and spatially varying biases in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) Version 8 (v8) and the Atmospheric CO2 Observations from Space (ACOS) Greenhouse Gas Observing SATellite (GOSAT) version 7.3 (v7.3) satellite CO2 retrievals by comparisons to measurements collected by the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON), Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) experiment, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) and U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) aircraft, and surface stations. Although the ACOS-GOSAT estimates of the column averaged carbon dioxide (CO2) dry air mole fraction (XCO2) have larger random errors than the OCO-2 XCO2 estimates, and the space-based estimates over land have larger random errors than those over ocean, the systematic errors are similar across both satellites and surface types, 0.6 ± 0.1 ppm. We find similar estimates of systematic error whether dynamic versus geometric coincidences or ESRL/DOE aircraft versus TCCON are used for validation (over land), once validation and co-location errors are accounted for. We also find that areas with sparse throughput of good quality data (due to quality flags and preprocessor selection) over land have ~double the error of regions of high-throughput of good quality data. We characterize both raw and bias-corrected results, finding that bias correction improves systematic errors by a factor of 2 for land observations and improves errors by ~ 0.2 ppm for ocean. We validate the lowermost tropospheric (LMT) product for OCO-2 and ACOS-GOSAT by comparison to aircraft and surface sites, finding systematic errors of ~ 1.1 ppm, while having 2–3 times the variability of XCO2. We characterize the time and distance scales of correlations for OCO-2 XCO2 errors, and find error correlations on scales of 0.3 degrees, 5–10 degrees, and 60 days. We find comparable scale lengths for the bias correction term. Assimilation of the OCO-2 bias correction term is used to estimate flux errors resulting from OCO-2 seasonal biases, finding annual flux errors on the order of 0.3 and 0.4 PgC/yr for Transcom-3 ocean and land regions, respectively.
This preprint has been withdrawn.
Received: 26 Jun 2019 – Discussion started: 28 Oct 2019
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Susan S. Kulawik,Sean Crowell,David Baker,Junjie Liu,Kathryn McKain,Colm Sweeney,Sebastien C. Biraud,Steve Wofsy,Christopher W. O'Dell,Paul O. Wennberg,Debra Wunch,Coleen M. Roehl,Nicholas M. Deutscher,Matthäus Kiel,David W. T. Griffith,Voltaire A. Velazco,Justus Notholt,Thorsten Warneke,Christof Petri,Martine De Mazière,Mahesh K. Sha,Ralf Sussmann,Markus Rettinger,Dave F. Pollard,Isamu Morino,Osamu Uchino,Frank Hase,Dietrich G. Feist,Sébastien Roche,Kimberly Strong,Rigel Kivi,Laura Iraci,Kei Shiomi,Manvendra K. Dubey,Eliezer Sepulveda,Omaira Elena Garcia Rodriguez,Yao Té,Pascal Jeseck,Pauli Heikkinen,Edward J. Dlugokencky,Michael R. Gunson,Annmarie Eldering,David Crisp,Brendan Fisher,and Gregory B. Osterman
Susan S. Kulawik,Sean Crowell,David Baker,Junjie Liu,Kathryn McKain,Colm Sweeney,Sebastien C. Biraud,Steve Wofsy,Christopher W. O'Dell,Paul O. Wennberg,Debra Wunch,Coleen M. Roehl,Nicholas M. Deutscher,Matthäus Kiel,David W. T. Griffith,Voltaire A. Velazco,Justus Notholt,Thorsten Warneke,Christof Petri,Martine De Mazière,Mahesh K. Sha,Ralf Sussmann,Markus Rettinger,Dave F. Pollard,Isamu Morino,Osamu Uchino,Frank Hase,Dietrich G. Feist,Sébastien Roche,Kimberly Strong,Rigel Kivi,Laura Iraci,Kei Shiomi,Manvendra K. Dubey,Eliezer Sepulveda,Omaira Elena Garcia Rodriguez,Yao Té,Pascal Jeseck,Pauli Heikkinen,Edward J. Dlugokencky,Michael R. Gunson,Annmarie Eldering,David Crisp,Brendan Fisher,and Gregory B. Osterman
Susan S. Kulawik,Sean Crowell,David Baker,Junjie Liu,Kathryn McKain,Colm Sweeney,Sebastien C. Biraud,Steve Wofsy,Christopher W. O'Dell,Paul O. Wennberg,Debra Wunch,Coleen M. Roehl,Nicholas M. Deutscher,Matthäus Kiel,David W. T. Griffith,Voltaire A. Velazco,Justus Notholt,Thorsten Warneke,Christof Petri,Martine De Mazière,Mahesh K. Sha,Ralf Sussmann,Markus Rettinger,Dave F. Pollard,Isamu Morino,Osamu Uchino,Frank Hase,Dietrich G. Feist,Sébastien Roche,Kimberly Strong,Rigel Kivi,Laura Iraci,Kei Shiomi,Manvendra K. Dubey,Eliezer Sepulveda,Omaira Elena Garcia Rodriguez,Yao Té,Pascal Jeseck,Pauli Heikkinen,Edward J. Dlugokencky,Michael R. Gunson,Annmarie Eldering,David Crisp,Brendan Fisher,and Gregory B. Osterman
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This paper provides a benchmark of OCO-2 v8 and ACOS-GOSAT v7.3 XCO2 and lowermost tropospheric (LMT) errors. The paper focuses on the systematic errors and subtracts out validation, co-location, and random errors, looks at the correlation scale-length (spatially and temporally) of systematic errors, finding that the scale lengths are similar to bias correction scale-lengths. The assimilates of the bias correction term is used to place an error on fluxes estimates.
This paper provides a benchmark of OCO-2 v8 and ACOS-GOSAT v7.3 XCO2 and lowermost tropospheric...