Articles | Volume 11, issue 5 
            
                
                    
            
            
            https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-2669-2018
                    © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-2669-2018
                    © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under 
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
                the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Mid-IR spectrometer for mobile, real-time urban NO2 measurements
P. Morten Hundt
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
                                            
                                    
                                            Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
                                        
                                    Michael Müller
                                            Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
                                        
                                    Markus Mangold
                                            Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
                                        
                                    
                                            present address: IRsweep AG, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
                                        
                                    Béla Tuzson
                                            Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
                                        
                                    Philipp Scheidegger
                                            Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
                                        
                                    Herbert Looser
                                            Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
                                        
                                    
                                            Institute for Aerosol and Sensor Technology, FHNW, 5210 Windisch, Switzerland
                                        
                                    Christoph Hüglin
                                            Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
                                        
                                    Lukas Emmenegger
                                            Laboratory for Air Pollution and Environmental Technology, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
                                        
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                            Cited
12 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Extending the optical path of segmented circular multipass cells by reiteration of reflection patterns L. Heilmann et al. 10.1364/OL.559892
 - Towards an Optical Gas Standard for Traceable Calibration-Free and Direct NO2 Concentration Measurements J. Nwaboh et al. 10.3390/app11125361
 - Advances in High-Precision NO2 Measurement by Quantum Cascade Laser Absorption Spectroscopy N. Sobanski et al. 10.3390/app11031222
 - Atomic Spectrometry Update – a review of advances in environmental analysis J. Bacon et al. 10.1039/C8JA90044B
 - On-Line Analysis of Exhaled Breath T. Bruderer et al. 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00005
 - Near-Infrared Spectral MEMS Gas Sensor for Multi-Component Food Gas Detection X. Yan et al. 10.3390/mi16020135
 - Development of a Herriott multi-pass cell for gas phase terahertz spectroscopy H. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.infrared.2025.106113
 - 基于柔性空芯光纤的NO与NO2中红外吸收光谱检测(特邀) 温. Wen Daxin et al. 10.3788/LOP232576
 - Changes of NOx in urban air detected with monitoring VIS-NIR field spectrometer during the coronavirus pandemic: A case study in Germany P. Naethe et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141286
 - Mapping the spatial distribution of NO2 with in situ and remote sensing instruments during the Munich NO2 imaging campaign G. Kuhlmann et al. 10.5194/amt-15-1609-2022
 - In-situ laser detection of water vapor based on circular prism array multi-pass cell enhanced near-infrared absorption spectroscopy M. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.infrared.2021.103811
 - Beam folding analysis and optimization of mask-enhanced toroidal multipass cells M. Graf et al. 10.1364/OL.42.003137
 
11 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Extending the optical path of segmented circular multipass cells by reiteration of reflection patterns L. Heilmann et al. 10.1364/OL.559892
 - Towards an Optical Gas Standard for Traceable Calibration-Free and Direct NO2 Concentration Measurements J. Nwaboh et al. 10.3390/app11125361
 - Advances in High-Precision NO2 Measurement by Quantum Cascade Laser Absorption Spectroscopy N. Sobanski et al. 10.3390/app11031222
 - Atomic Spectrometry Update – a review of advances in environmental analysis J. Bacon et al. 10.1039/C8JA90044B
 - On-Line Analysis of Exhaled Breath T. Bruderer et al. 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00005
 - Near-Infrared Spectral MEMS Gas Sensor for Multi-Component Food Gas Detection X. Yan et al. 10.3390/mi16020135
 - Development of a Herriott multi-pass cell for gas phase terahertz spectroscopy H. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.infrared.2025.106113
 - 基于柔性空芯光纤的NO与NO2中红外吸收光谱检测(特邀) 温. Wen Daxin et al. 10.3788/LOP232576
 - Changes of NOx in urban air detected with monitoring VIS-NIR field spectrometer during the coronavirus pandemic: A case study in Germany P. Naethe et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141286
 - Mapping the spatial distribution of NO2 with in situ and remote sensing instruments during the Munich NO2 imaging campaign G. Kuhlmann et al. 10.5194/amt-15-1609-2022
 - In-situ laser detection of water vapor based on circular prism array multi-pass cell enhanced near-infrared absorption spectroscopy M. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.infrared.2021.103811
 
1 citations as recorded by crossref.
Latest update: 04 Nov 2025
Short summary
            NO2 is a pollutant that regularly exceeds its limit values in European cities. We developed a compact, mobile laser spectrometer that measures NO2 concentrations and installed it on a tram in Zurich. Mobile operation resulted in NO2 concentration data with high spatio-temporal resolution. The data were validated against fixed air-quality monitoring sites and provided detailed insights into the spatio-temporal concentration distribution of NO2 in an urban environment.
            NO2 is a pollutant that regularly exceeds its limit values in European cities. We developed a...