Articles | Volume 12, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-5863-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-5863-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
08 Nov 2019
Research article |
| 08 Nov 2019
| 08 Nov 2019
Recent advances in measurement techniques for atmospheric carbon monoxide and nitrous oxide observations
Christoph Zellweger
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Laboratory for Air Pollution/Environmental Technology, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology (Empa), 8600
Dübendorf, Switzerland
Rainer Steinbrecher
Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research – Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
Olivier Laurent
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE/IPSL), UMR CEA-CNRS-UVSQ 8212, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Haeyoung Lee
National Institute of Meteorological Sciences (NIMS), Seogwipo-si,
Jeju-do, South Korea
Sumin Kim
National Institute of Meteorological Sciences (NIMS), Seogwipo-si,
Jeju-do, South Korea
Lukas Emmenegger
Laboratory for Air Pollution/Environmental Technology, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology (Empa), 8600
Dübendorf, Switzerland
Martin Steinbacher
Laboratory for Air Pollution/Environmental Technology, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology (Empa), 8600
Dübendorf, Switzerland
Brigitte Buchmann
Department of Mobility, Energy and Environment, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology (Empa), 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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23 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Australian chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) emissions: 1960–2017 P. Fraser et al. https://doi.org/10.1071/EN19322
- Refined line-shape parameters for CO lines broadened by air predicted from requantized classical molecular dynamics simulations F. Hendaoui et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2024.108954
- Global Research Alliance N2O chamber methodology guidelines: Recommendations for air sample collection, storage, and analysis M. Harvey et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20129
- Inter-comparison Experiment for Korea GAW Network to Improve the GHGs Measurement Quality S. Lee et al. https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2021.37.5.790
- Long-term observations of atmospheric CO2 and CH4 trends and comparison of two measurement systems at Pallas-Sammaltunturi station in Northern Finland A. Laitinen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-3109-2025
- Methodology for selecting near-surface CH4, CO, and CO2 observations reflecting atmospheric background conditions at the WMO/GAW station in Lamezia Terme, Italy L. Malacaria et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2025.102515
- Marine emissions and trade winds control the atmospheric nitrous oxide in the Galapagos Islands T. Cinay et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4703-2025
- Smart city air quality management through leveraging drones for precision monitoring M. Bakirci https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105390
- The contribution of Saharan dust to the ice-nucleating particle concentrations at the High Altitude Station Jungfraujoch (3580 m a.s.l.), Switzerland C. Brunner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-18029-2021
- Identification of natural gas leak sources using ethane/methane ratios and methane isotopic signatures Y. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2026.100434
- Assessing greenhouse gas measurement consistency and traceability in the UK and Ireland atmospheric monitoring network using whole and synthetic air reference materials E. Safi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6921-2026
- Comparison of GC-μECD and OA-ICOS Methods for High-Precision Measurements of Atmospheric Nitrous Oxide (N2O) at a Korean GAW Station H. Lee et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090948
- Decadal O3 variability at the Mt. Cimone WMO/GAW global station (2,165 m a.s.l., Italy) and comparison with two high-mountain “reference” sites in Europe P. Cristofanelli et al. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.00042
- Sub-ppt level detection of carbon monoxide and nitrous oxide enabled by mid-infrared doubly resonant photoacoustic spectroscopy Q. Nie et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.530578
- Spatial Cross-Correlation of GOSAT CO2 Concentration with Repeated Heat Wave-Induced Photosynthetic Inhibition in Europe from 2009 to 2017 Y. Hwang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184536
- Evaluation of a field-deployable Nafion™-based air-drying system for collecting whole air samples and its application to stable isotope measurements of CO2 D. Paul et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-4051-2020
- A novel injection technique: using a field-based quantum cascade laser for the analysis of gas samples derived from static chambers A. Wecking et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-5763-2020
- Monitoring of ambient carbon monoxide concentrations based on wavelength modulation direct absorption spectroscopy Z. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.7498/aps.71.20211772
- Study of adsorption interactions between nitrous oxide and Zeolitic Imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) by molecular modeling K. Villegas Domínguez et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2020.07.081
- Advances in accounting methodology of nitrous oxide emissions from the adipic acid industry S. He et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2024.03.014
- Description and validation of a carbon monoxide and nitrous oxide instrument for high-altitude airborne science (COMA) E. Yates et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-3973-2025
- Evaluation and optimization of ICOS atmosphere station data as part of the labeling process C. Yver-Kwok et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-89-2021
- Climate-Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean: Data Collection and Legacy G. Krahmann et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.723304
23 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Australian chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) emissions: 1960–2017 P. Fraser et al. https://doi.org/10.1071/EN19322
- Refined line-shape parameters for CO lines broadened by air predicted from requantized classical molecular dynamics simulations F. Hendaoui et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2024.108954
- Global Research Alliance N2O chamber methodology guidelines: Recommendations for air sample collection, storage, and analysis M. Harvey et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/jeq2.20129
- Inter-comparison Experiment for Korea GAW Network to Improve the GHGs Measurement Quality S. Lee et al. https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2021.37.5.790
- Long-term observations of atmospheric CO2 and CH4 trends and comparison of two measurement systems at Pallas-Sammaltunturi station in Northern Finland A. Laitinen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-3109-2025
- Methodology for selecting near-surface CH4, CO, and CO2 observations reflecting atmospheric background conditions at the WMO/GAW station in Lamezia Terme, Italy L. Malacaria et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2025.102515
- Marine emissions and trade winds control the atmospheric nitrous oxide in the Galapagos Islands T. Cinay et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-4703-2025
- Smart city air quality management through leveraging drones for precision monitoring M. Bakirci https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105390
- The contribution of Saharan dust to the ice-nucleating particle concentrations at the High Altitude Station Jungfraujoch (3580 m a.s.l.), Switzerland C. Brunner et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-18029-2021
- Identification of natural gas leak sources using ethane/methane ratios and methane isotopic signatures Y. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2026.100434
- Assessing greenhouse gas measurement consistency and traceability in the UK and Ireland atmospheric monitoring network using whole and synthetic air reference materials E. Safi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-6921-2026
- Comparison of GC-μECD and OA-ICOS Methods for High-Precision Measurements of Atmospheric Nitrous Oxide (N2O) at a Korean GAW Station H. Lee et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090948
- Decadal O3 variability at the Mt. Cimone WMO/GAW global station (2,165 m a.s.l., Italy) and comparison with two high-mountain “reference” sites in Europe P. Cristofanelli et al. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.00042
- Sub-ppt level detection of carbon monoxide and nitrous oxide enabled by mid-infrared doubly resonant photoacoustic spectroscopy Q. Nie et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.530578
- Spatial Cross-Correlation of GOSAT CO2 Concentration with Repeated Heat Wave-Induced Photosynthetic Inhibition in Europe from 2009 to 2017 Y. Hwang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14184536
- Evaluation of a field-deployable Nafion™-based air-drying system for collecting whole air samples and its application to stable isotope measurements of CO2 D. Paul et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-4051-2020
- A novel injection technique: using a field-based quantum cascade laser for the analysis of gas samples derived from static chambers A. Wecking et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-5763-2020
- Monitoring of ambient carbon monoxide concentrations based on wavelength modulation direct absorption spectroscopy Z. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.7498/aps.71.20211772
- Study of adsorption interactions between nitrous oxide and Zeolitic Imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) by molecular modeling K. Villegas Domínguez et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2020.07.081
- Advances in accounting methodology of nitrous oxide emissions from the adipic acid industry S. He et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2024.03.014
- Description and validation of a carbon monoxide and nitrous oxide instrument for high-altitude airborne science (COMA) E. Yates et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-3973-2025
- Evaluation and optimization of ICOS atmosphere station data as part of the labeling process C. Yver-Kwok et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-89-2021
- Climate-Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean: Data Collection and Legacy G. Krahmann et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.723304
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 07 Nov 2026
Short summary
We analysed results obtained through CO and N2O performance audits conducted within the framework of the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) quality management system of the World Meteorology Organization (WMO). The results reveal that current spectroscopic measurement techniques have clear advantages with respect to data quality objectives compared to more traditional methods. Further, they allow for a smooth continuation of historic CO and N2O time series.
We analysed results obtained through CO and N2O performance audits conducted within the...
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