Articles | Volume 13, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-2209-2020
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-2209-2020
Research article
 | 
07 May 2020
Research article |  | 07 May 2020

Mapping ice formation to mineral-surface topography using a micro mixing chamber with video and atomic-force microscopy

Raymond W. Friddle and Konrad Thürmer

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Latest update: 28 Jun 2025
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Short summary
An obstacle to predicting ice content in mixed-phase clouds is the inability to directly view atmospheric ice nucleation at the nanoscale, where this process occurs. Here we show how a cloud-like environment can be created in a small atomic-force microscopy (AFM) sample cell. By colocating video microscopy of ice formation with high-resolution AFM images, we quantitatively show how the surface topography, down to nanometer-length scales, can determine the preferential locations of ice formation.
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