Articles | Volume 13, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3787-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3787-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
13 Jul 2020
Research article |
| 13 Jul 2020
| 13 Jul 2020
Counting on chemistry: laboratory evaluation of seed-material-dependent detection efficiencies of ultrafine condensation particle counters
Peter Josef Wlasits
University of Vienna, Aerosol Physics and Environmental Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Dominik Stolzenburg
University of Vienna, Aerosol Physics and Environmental Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
University of Helsinki, Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
Christian Tauber
University of Vienna, Aerosol Physics and Environmental Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Sophia Brilke
University of Vienna, Aerosol Physics and Environmental Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Sebastian Harald Schmitt
TSI GmbH, Neukoellner Straße 4, 52068 Aachen, Germany
Paul Martin Winkler
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
University of Vienna, Aerosol Physics and Environmental Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Daniela Wimmer
University of Vienna, Aerosol Physics and Environmental Physics, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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- Size characterization and detection of aerosolized nanoplastics originating from evaporated thermoplastics P. Wlasits et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2021.1998339
- Improved counting statistics of an ultrafine differential mobility particle size spectrometer system D. Stolzenburg et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2471-2023
- Concurrent supersaturation of C2-C4 alcohols and water in a Condensation Particle Counter (CPC) to measure naturally charged flame-formed carbonaceous aerosols smaller than 3 nm F. Khosravi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2025.106626
- Combining instrument inversions for sub-10 nm aerosol number size-distribution measurements D. Stolzenburg et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2021.105862
- Detection of sub-5nm naturally charged carbonaceous materials from a sooting laminar premixed flame by a water condensation Particle Counter (WCPC) enhanced by a Di-Ethylene Glycol (DEG) saturator inlet F. Khosravi et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2023.2247458
- Measurement and Analysis of Brake and Tyre Particle Emissions from Automotive Series Components for High-Load Driving Tests on a Wheel and Suspension Test Bed M. Kupper et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15040430
- Fast and sensitive measurements of sub-3 nm particles using Condensation Particle Counters For Atmospheric Rapid Measurements (CPC FARM) D. Cheng et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-197-2025
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- Review of online measurement techniques for chemical composition of atmospheric clusters and sub-20 nm particles K. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.937006
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- Maghemite nanoparticles synthesis via spray flame synthesis and particle characterization by hole in a tube sampling and scanning mobility particle sizing (HIAT-SMPS) R. Tischendorf et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100235
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- Novel method for the continuous mass concentration measurement of ultrafine particles (PM 0.1 ) with a water-based condensation particle counter (CPC) G. Argyropoulou et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2024.2368196
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- Direct calibration using atmospheric particles and performance evaluation of Particle Size Magnifier (PSM) 2.0 for sub-10 nm particle measurements Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-431-2025
- Calibration and counting efficiency evaluation of condensation particle counters using the silver particle generator as a stable source of inorganic salt aerosols H. Krasa et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2025.2487596
- Measurement report: The influence of traffic and new particle formation on the size distribution of 1–800 nm particles in Helsinki – a street canyon and an urban background station comparison M. Okuljar et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9931-2021
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- Heterogeneous Nucleation of Supersaturated Water Vapor onto Sub-10 nm Nanoplastic Particles P. Wlasits et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c07643
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35 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Particle Number Measurement and Its Numerical Simulation of the Airborne Particle Counter by ‘Post-Collection-Check’ Z. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2329/1/012012
- Seed–Adsorbate Interactions as the Key of Heterogeneous Butanol and Diethylene Glycol Nucleation on Ammonium Bisulfate and Tetramethylammonium Bromide F. Keshavarz et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.0c08373
- Simulation-aided characterization of a versatile water-based condensation particle counter for atmospheric airborne research F. Mei et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-7329-2021
- Characteristics of Scanning Flow Condensation Particle Counter (SFCPC): A rapid approach for retrieving hygroscopicity and chemical composition of sub-10 nm aerosol particles K. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2023.2245859
- Characterization and operation of a multi-channel Condensation Particle Counter (mc-CPC) for aircraft-based measurements S. Richter et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-1093-2026
- Factors that govern sub-3 nm particle measurements in an Airmodus® PSM and a TSI® DEG–SMPS Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2022.2098686
- Measurement of sub-4 nm particle emission from FFF-3D printing with the TSI Nano Enhancer and the Airmodus Particle Size Magnifier C. Tang & S. Seeger https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2024.2320430
- Detection efficiency of a water condensation particle counter using electrically neutral sulfuric acid and sulfuric acid-dimethylamine clusters D. Cheng et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2025.2496486
- Size characterization and detection of aerosolized nanoplastics originating from evaporated thermoplastics P. Wlasits et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2021.1998339
- Improved counting statistics of an ultrafine differential mobility particle size spectrometer system D. Stolzenburg et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2471-2023
- Concurrent supersaturation of C2-C4 alcohols and water in a Condensation Particle Counter (CPC) to measure naturally charged flame-formed carbonaceous aerosols smaller than 3 nm F. Khosravi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2025.106626
- Combining instrument inversions for sub-10 nm aerosol number size-distribution measurements D. Stolzenburg et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2021.105862
- Detection of sub-5nm naturally charged carbonaceous materials from a sooting laminar premixed flame by a water condensation Particle Counter (WCPC) enhanced by a Di-Ethylene Glycol (DEG) saturator inlet F. Khosravi et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2023.2247458
- Measurement and Analysis of Brake and Tyre Particle Emissions from Automotive Series Components for High-Load Driving Tests on a Wheel and Suspension Test Bed M. Kupper et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15040430
- Fast and sensitive measurements of sub-3 nm particles using Condensation Particle Counters For Atmospheric Rapid Measurements (CPC FARM) D. Cheng et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-197-2025
- Reduced particle composition dependence in condensation particle counters P. Wlasits et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-2-199-2024
- A convertible condensation particle counter using alcohol or water as the working fluid Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2024.2395939
- Review of online measurement techniques for chemical composition of atmospheric clusters and sub-20 nm particles K. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.937006
- Pressure-dependent performance of two CEN-specified condensation particle counters P. Bauer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4445-2023
- Enhancing airworthiness compliance of measurement system for aircraft non-volatile particulate matter emissions and its suitability to sustainable aviation fuel application Y. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147743
- Heterogeneous Nucleation of Butanol on NaCl: A Computational Study of Temperature, Humidity, Seed Charge, and Seed Size Effects A. Toropainen et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.0c10972
- Maghemite nanoparticles synthesis via spray flame synthesis and particle characterization by hole in a tube sampling and scanning mobility particle sizing (HIAT-SMPS) R. Tischendorf et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2023.100235
- Spatially-Resolved experimental investigations of combustion characteristics in a solid fuel doped methane swirl flame and the influence on the formation of ultrafine particulate matter C. Axt et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2022.112223
- Novel method for the continuous mass concentration measurement of ultrafine particles (PM 0.1 ) with a water-based condensation particle counter (CPC) G. Argyropoulou et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2024.2368196
- Review of Calibration and Improvement Methods of Light- Scattering Airborne Particle Concentration Z. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2097/1/012008
- Advancing regulatory aircraft nvPM sampling and measurement practices: Uncertainty quantification and recommendations E. Durand et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2026.106789
- Effects of the VACES particle concentrator on secondary organic aerosol and ambient particle composition L. Wingen et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2022.2081065
- Results and insights from the first ACTRIS intercomparison workshop on sub-10 nm aerosol sizing instrumentation H. Hartl et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-4-133-2026
- Direct calibration using atmospheric particles and performance evaluation of Particle Size Magnifier (PSM) 2.0 for sub-10 nm particle measurements Y. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-431-2025
- Calibration and counting efficiency evaluation of condensation particle counters using the silver particle generator as a stable source of inorganic salt aerosols H. Krasa et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2025.2487596
- Measurement report: The influence of traffic and new particle formation on the size distribution of 1–800 nm particles in Helsinki – a street canyon and an urban background station comparison M. Okuljar et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9931-2021
- Aerosol formation and growth rates from chamber experiments using Kalman smoothing M. Ozon et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12595-2021
- Toward a simplified calibration method for 23 nm automotive particle counters using atomized inorganic salt particles H. Krasa et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2023.2174410
- Heterogeneous Nucleation of Supersaturated Water Vapor onto Sub-10 nm Nanoplastic Particles P. Wlasits et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c07643
- Activation of sub-3 nm organic particles in the particle size magnifier using humid and dry conditions B. Rörup et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2021.105945
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 03 Jun 2026
Short summary
In this paper we show that chemical similarities between the seed particle material and the working fluid have an impact on the detection efficiency of commonly used CPCs. A remarkable set of CPCs, including the newly developed V-WCPC 3789, was tested. Among others, reproducibly generated organic seeds based on beta-caryophyllene were used. Theoretical simulations of supersaturation profiles were successfully linked to measured data.
In this paper we show that chemical similarities between the seed particle material and the...
