Articles | Volume 13, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-4353-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-4353-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| Highlight paper
| 
17 Aug 2020
Research article | Highlight paper |
| 17 Aug 2020
| 17 Aug 2020
A global analysis of climate-relevant aerosol properties retrieved from the network of Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) near-surface observatories
Paolo Laj
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble-INP, IGE, 38000 Grenoble,
France
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research
Council of Italy, Bologna, Italy
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of
Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Alessandro Bigi
Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
Clémence Rose
Université Clermont-Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Elisabeth Andrews
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences,
University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
NOAA/Earth Systems Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
Cathrine Lund Myhre
NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
Martine Collaud Coen
Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology, MeteoSwiss, Payerne,
Switzerland
NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
Alfred Wiedensohler
Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
Michael Schulz
Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway
John A. Ogren
NOAA/Earth Systems Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
Markus Fiebig
NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
Jonas Gliß
Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway
Augustin Mortier
Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway
Marco Pandolfi
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA),
Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
Tuukka Petäja
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of
Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Sang-Woo Kim
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National
University, Seoul, Korea
Wenche Aas
NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
Jean-Philippe Putaud
European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
Olga Mayol-Bracero
University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
Melita Keywood
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, PMB1 Aspendale, VIC, Australia
Lorenzo Labrador
World Meteorological Organisation, Global Atmosphere Watch
Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland
Pasi Aalto
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of
Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Erik Ahlberg
Lund University, Department of Physics, Division of Nuclear
Physics, P.O. Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
Lucas Alados Arboledas
Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, Granada,
Spain
Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA),
University of Granada, Autonomous Government of Andalusia, Granada, Spain
Andrés Alastuey
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA),
Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
Marcos Andrade
Laboratorio de Fisica de la Atmosfera, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia
Begoña Artíñano
CIEMAT, Center for Research on Energy, Environment and Technology,
Joint Research Unit CSIC-CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
Stina Ausmeel
Lund University, Department of Physics, Division of Nuclear
Physics, P.O. Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
Todor Arsov
Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
Eija Asmi
Atmospheric composition research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
John Backman
Atmospheric composition research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Urs Baltensperger
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute,
Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Susanne Bastian
Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology (LfULG), Dresden, Germany
Olaf Bath
German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
Johan Paul Beukes
Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West
University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
Benjamin T. Brem
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute,
Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Nicolas Bukowiecki
Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Environmental Sciences,
University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Sébastien Conil
ANDRA DRD/GES Observatoire Pérenne de l'Environnement, 55290
Bure, France
Cedric Couret
German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
Derek Day
Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University/ National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO, USA
Wan Dayantolis
Bukit Kototabang Global Atmosphere Watch Station – Technical
Operation Unit of BMKG, Agam, Indonesia
Anna Degorska
Institute of Environmental Protection – National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
Konstantinos Eleftheriadis
Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science & Technology, Energy & Safety N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Attiki, Greece
Prodromos Fetfatzis
Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science & Technology, Energy & Safety N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Attiki, Greece
Olivier Favez
Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques
(INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
Harald Flentje
German Weather Service, Meteorological Observatory Hohenpeissenberg, Hohenpeißenberg, Germany
Maria I. Gini
Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science & Technology, Energy & Safety N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Attiki, Greece
Asta Gregorič
Aerosol d.o.o., Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
Martin Gysel-Beer
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute,
Villigen PSI, Switzerland
A. Gannet Hallar
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake
City, UT 84112, USA
Jenny Hand
Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University/ National Park Service, Fort Collins, CO, USA
Andras Hoffer
MTA-PE Air Chemistry Research Group, Veszprém, Hungary
Christoph Hueglin
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Duebendorf, Switzerland
Rakesh K. Hooda
Atmospheric composition research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
The Energy and Resources Institute, IHC, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, India
Antti Hyvärinen
Atmospheric composition research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Ivo Kalapov
Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
Nikos Kalivitis
Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), University of
Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 71003, Greece
Anne Kasper-Giebl
ZAMG – Sonnblick Observatory, Freisaalweg, 165020 Salzburg, Austria
Jeong Eun Kim
Environmental Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of
Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo, South Korea
Giorgos Kouvarakis
Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), University of
Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 71003, Greece
Irena Kranjc
Hydrometeorological Institute of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Radovan Krejci
Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES) & Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691
Stockholm, Sweden
Markku Kulmala
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of
Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Casper Labuschagne
Research Department, South African Weather Service, Stellenbosch,
South Africa
Hae-Jung Lee
Environmental Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of
Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo, South Korea
now at: National Council on Climate and Air Quality, Seoul, South Korea
Heikki Lihavainen
Atmospheric composition research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Neng-Huei Lin
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University,
Taoyuan, Taiwan
Gunter Löschau
Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology (LfULG), Dresden, Germany
Krista Luoma
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of
Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Angela Marinoni
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, National Research
Council of Italy, Bologna, Italy
Sebastiao Martins Dos Santos
European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
Frank Meinhardt
German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
Maik Merkel
Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
Jean-Marc Metzger
Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de La Réunion (OSUR),
UMS3365, Saint-Denis de la Réunion, France
Nikolaos Mihalopoulos
Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), University of
Crete, Heraklion, Crete, 71003, Greece
Institute of Environmental Research & Sustainable Development,
National Observatory of Athens, Palea Penteli, 15236, Greece
Nhat Anh Nguyen
Hydro-Meteorological Observation Center (HYMOC), Hanoi, Vietnam
Meteorological and Hydrological Administration (VNMHA), Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE), Ha Noi, Vietnam
Jakub Ondracek
Department of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical
Process Fundamentals, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
Noemi Pérez
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA),
Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
Maria Rita Perrone
Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze Fisiche della Materia and Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
Jean-Eudes Petit
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, UMR 8212 CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
David Picard
Université Clermont-Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Jean-Marc Pichon
Université Clermont-Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Veronique Pont
Laboratoire d'Aérologie, CNRS-Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
Natalia Prats
Izaña Atmospheric Research Center (IARC), State Meteorological
Agency (AEMET), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
Anthony Prenni
National Park Service, Air Resources Division, Lakewood, CO, USA
Fabienne Reisen
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, PMB1 Aspendale, VIC, Australia
Salvatore Romano
Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze Fisiche della Materia and Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
Karine Sellegri
Université Clermont-Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Sangeeta Sharma
Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
Gerhard Schauer
ZAMG – Sonnblick Observatory, Freisaalweg, 165020 Salzburg, Austria
Patrick Sheridan
NOAA/Earth Systems Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
James Patrick Sherman
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Appalachian State University,
Boone, NC, USA
Maik Schütze
German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
Andreas Schwerin
German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
Ralf Sohmer
German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze, Germany
Mar Sorribas
Atmospheric Sounding Station, El Arenosillo, Atmospheric Research and Instrumentation Branch, INTA, 21130, Mazagón, Huelva, Spain
Martin Steinbacher
Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Duebendorf, Switzerland
Junying Sun
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of
Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,
Beijing 100081, China
Gloria Titos
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA),
Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, Granada,
Spain
Andalusian Institute for Earth System Research (IISTA-CEAMA),
University of Granada, Autonomous Government of Andalusia, Granada, Spain
Barbara Toczko
Department of Environmental Monitoring, Assessment and Outlook, Chief Inspectorate of Environmental Protection, Warsaw, Poland
Thomas Tuch
Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
Pierre Tulet
Laboratoire de l'Atmosphère et des Cyclones (LACy), UMR8105,
Université de la Réunion – CNRS – Météo-France,
Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France
Peter Tunved
Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES) & Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691
Stockholm, Sweden
Ville Vakkari
Atmospheric composition research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Fernando Velarde
Laboratorio de Fisica de la Atmosfera, Universidad Mayor de San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia
Patricio Velasquez
Climate and Environmental Physics, University of Bern, Bern,
Switzerland
Paolo Villani
Université Clermont-Auvergne, CNRS, LaMP, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Sterios Vratolis
Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science & Technology, Energy & Safety N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, Attiki, Greece
Sheng-Hsiang Wang
Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University,
Taoyuan, Taiwan
Kay Weinhold
Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
Rolf Weller
Alfred Wegener Institute, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
Margarita Yela
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Appalachian State University,
Boone, NC, USA
Jesus Yus-Diez
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA),
Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
Vladimir Zdimal
Department of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical
Process Fundamentals, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
Paul Zieger
Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry (ACES) & Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, 10691
Stockholm, Sweden
Nadezda Zikova
Department of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Chemical
Process Fundamentals, CAS, Prague, Czech Republic
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- Final revised paper (published on 17 Aug 2020)
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- Preprint (discussion started on 11 Feb 2020)
- Supplement to the preprint
Interactive discussion
Status: closed
Status: closed
AC: Author comment | RC: Referee comment | SC: Short comment | EC: Editor comment
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RC1: 'Referee comment', Anonymous Referee #1, 06 Mar 2020
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AC1: 'Answer to Review#1', Paolo Laj, 19 Jun 2020
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AC1: 'Answer to Review#1', Paolo Laj, 19 Jun 2020
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RC2: 'Referee comment', Anonymous Referee #2, 03 Apr 2020
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AC2: 'Answer to review#2', Paolo Laj, 19 Jun 2020
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AC2: 'Answer to review#2', Paolo Laj, 19 Jun 2020
Peer-review completion
AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision
AR by Paolo Laj on behalf of the Authors (19 Jun 2020)
Author's response
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ED: Publish subject to technical corrections (25 Jun 2020) by Charles Brock
AR by Paolo Laj on behalf of the Authors (11 Jul 2020)
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Short summary
The paper establishes the fiducial reference of the GAW aerosol network providing the fully characterized value chain to the provision of four climate-relevant aerosol properties from ground-based sites. Data from almost 90 stations worldwide are reported for a reference year, 2017, providing a unique and very robust view of the variability of these variables worldwide. Current gaps in the GAW network are analysed and requirements for the Global Climate Monitoring System are proposed.
The paper establishes the fiducial reference of the GAW aerosol network providing the fully...
