Articles | Volume 14, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-3935-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-3935-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
27 May 2021
Research article |
| 27 May 2021
| 27 May 2021
Internal consistency of the IAGOS ozone and carbon monoxide measurements for the last 25 years
Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), CNRS UMR-5560 et Observatoire
Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
Philippe Nedelec
Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), CNRS UMR-5560 et Observatoire
Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
Damien Boulanger
Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
Pawel Wolff
Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), CNRS UMR-5560 et Observatoire
Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
Bastien Sauvage
Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), CNRS UMR-5560 et Observatoire
Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
Jean-Marc Cousin
Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), CNRS UMR-5560 et Observatoire
Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
Gilles Athier
Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), CNRS UMR-5560 et Observatoire
Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
Andreas Zahn
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Meteorology and
Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe, Germany
Florian Obersteiner
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Meteorology and
Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe, Germany
Dieter Scharffe
Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie (MPI), Air Chemistry Division, Hahn-Meitner-Weg, Mainz, Germany
Hervé Petetin
Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
Yasmine Bennouna
Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), CNRS UMR-5560 et Observatoire
Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
Hannah Clark
IAGOS-AISBL, 98 Rue du Trone, Brussels, Belgium
Valérie Thouret
Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), CNRS UMR-5560 et Observatoire
Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Cited
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Tropical tropospheric ozone and carbon monoxide distributions: characteristics, origins, and control factors, as seen by IAGOS and IASI M. Tsivlidou et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14039-2023
- Validation of 12 years (2008–2019) of IASI-A CO with IAGOS aircraft observations B. Barret et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-129-2025
- Decadal tropospheric ozone radiative forcing estimations with offline radiative modelling and IAGOS aircraft observations P. Sellitto et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13299-2025
- O3–NOy photochemistry in boundary layer polluted plumes: insights from the MEGAPOLI (Paris), ChArMEx/SAFMED (North West Mediterranean) and DACCIWA (southern West Africa) aircraft campaigns B. Thera et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1EA00093D
- Evaluation of modelled climatologies of O3, CO, water vapour and NOy in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere using regular in situ observations by passenger aircraft Y. Cohen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14973-2023
- Intercomparison of IAGOS-CORE, IAGOS-CARIBIC and WMO/GAW-WCCOS Ozone Instruments at the Environmental Simulation Facility at Jülich, Germany H. Smit et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-4985-2025
- Evaluation of O3, H2O, CO, and NOy climatologies simulated by four global models in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere with IAGOS measurements Y. Cohen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5793-2025
- Large and increasing stratospheric contribution to tropospheric ozone over East Asia N. Colombi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-2623-2026
- Global tropospheric ozone trends, attributions, and radiative impacts in 1995–2017: an integrated analysis using aircraft (IAGOS) observations, ozonesonde, and multi-decadal chemical model simulations H. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13753-2022
- Seasonal, regional, and vertical characteristics of high-carbon-monoxide plumes along with their associated ozone anomalies, as seen by IAGOS between 2002 and 2019 T. Lebourgeois et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13975-2024
- Convective injection into stratospheric intrusions alters the tropopause chemical structure Z. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2024.12.053
- Stratospheric impact of the anomalous 2023 Canadian wildfires: the two vertical pathways of smoke S. Khaykin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-14551-2025
- Impact of the COVID‐19 Economic Downturn on Tropospheric Ozone Trends: An Uncertainty Weighted Data Synthesis for Quantifying Regional Anomalies Above Western North America and Europe K. Chang et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021AV000542
- The effects of the COVID-19 lockdowns on the composition of the troposphere as seen by In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) at Frankfurt H. Clark et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16237-2021
- Tropical tropospheric ozone distribution and trends from in situ and satellite data A. Gaudel et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9975-2024
- Recent ozone trends in the Chinese free troposphere: role of the local emission reductions and meteorology G. Dufour et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16001-2021
- A process-oriented evaluation of CAMS reanalysis ozone during tropopause folds over Europe for the period 2003–2018 D. Akritidis et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6275-2022
- Off‐setting climate change through formation flying of aircraft, a feasibility study reliant on high fidelity gas‐phase chemical kinetic data A. Khan et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/kin.21644
- Shipborne lidar measurements of ozone over the southeastern coastal regions of China in winter L. Lv et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2025.121165
- Tropospheric ozone trends and attributions over East and Southeast Asia in 1995–2019: an integrated assessment using statistical methods, machine learning models, and multiple chemical transport models X. Lu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7991-2025
- Consistency evaluation of tropospheric ozone from ozonesonde and IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System) observations: vertical distribution, ozonesonde types, and station–airport distance H. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11927-2024
- Global ground-based tropospheric ozone measurements: reference data and individual site trends (2000–2022) from the TOAR-II/HEGIFTOM project R. Van Malderen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7187-2025
- Investigation Into the Potential Value of Stratospheric Balloon Winds Assimilated in NOAA's Finite‐Volume Cubed‐Sphere Global Forecast System (FV3GFS) K. Lukens et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JD037526
- Diverging Ozone Trends Above Western North America: Boundary Layer Decreases Versus Free Tropospheric Increases K. Chang et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JD038090
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Tropical tropospheric ozone and carbon monoxide distributions: characteristics, origins, and control factors, as seen by IAGOS and IASI M. Tsivlidou et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14039-2023
- Validation of 12 years (2008–2019) of IASI-A CO with IAGOS aircraft observations B. Barret et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-129-2025
- Decadal tropospheric ozone radiative forcing estimations with offline radiative modelling and IAGOS aircraft observations P. Sellitto et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13299-2025
- O3–NOy photochemistry in boundary layer polluted plumes: insights from the MEGAPOLI (Paris), ChArMEx/SAFMED (North West Mediterranean) and DACCIWA (southern West Africa) aircraft campaigns B. Thera et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1EA00093D
- Evaluation of modelled climatologies of O3, CO, water vapour and NOy in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere using regular in situ observations by passenger aircraft Y. Cohen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14973-2023
- Intercomparison of IAGOS-CORE, IAGOS-CARIBIC and WMO/GAW-WCCOS Ozone Instruments at the Environmental Simulation Facility at Jülich, Germany H. Smit et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-4985-2025
- Evaluation of O3, H2O, CO, and NOy climatologies simulated by four global models in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere with IAGOS measurements Y. Cohen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-5793-2025
- Large and increasing stratospheric contribution to tropospheric ozone over East Asia N. Colombi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-2623-2026
- Global tropospheric ozone trends, attributions, and radiative impacts in 1995–2017: an integrated analysis using aircraft (IAGOS) observations, ozonesonde, and multi-decadal chemical model simulations H. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13753-2022
- Seasonal, regional, and vertical characteristics of high-carbon-monoxide plumes along with their associated ozone anomalies, as seen by IAGOS between 2002 and 2019 T. Lebourgeois et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-13975-2024
- Convective injection into stratospheric intrusions alters the tropopause chemical structure Z. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2024.12.053
- Stratospheric impact of the anomalous 2023 Canadian wildfires: the two vertical pathways of smoke S. Khaykin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-14551-2025
- Impact of the COVID‐19 Economic Downturn on Tropospheric Ozone Trends: An Uncertainty Weighted Data Synthesis for Quantifying Regional Anomalies Above Western North America and Europe K. Chang et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021AV000542
- The effects of the COVID-19 lockdowns on the composition of the troposphere as seen by In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) at Frankfurt H. Clark et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16237-2021
- Tropical tropospheric ozone distribution and trends from in situ and satellite data A. Gaudel et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-9975-2024
- Recent ozone trends in the Chinese free troposphere: role of the local emission reductions and meteorology G. Dufour et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16001-2021
- A process-oriented evaluation of CAMS reanalysis ozone during tropopause folds over Europe for the period 2003–2018 D. Akritidis et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6275-2022
- Off‐setting climate change through formation flying of aircraft, a feasibility study reliant on high fidelity gas‐phase chemical kinetic data A. Khan et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/kin.21644
- Shipborne lidar measurements of ozone over the southeastern coastal regions of China in winter L. Lv et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2025.121165
- Tropospheric ozone trends and attributions over East and Southeast Asia in 1995–2019: an integrated assessment using statistical methods, machine learning models, and multiple chemical transport models X. Lu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7991-2025
- Consistency evaluation of tropospheric ozone from ozonesonde and IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System) observations: vertical distribution, ozonesonde types, and station–airport distance H. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-11927-2024
- Global ground-based tropospheric ozone measurements: reference data and individual site trends (2000–2022) from the TOAR-II/HEGIFTOM project R. Van Malderen et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-7187-2025
- Investigation Into the Potential Value of Stratospheric Balloon Winds Assimilated in NOAA's Finite‐Volume Cubed‐Sphere Global Forecast System (FV3GFS) K. Lukens et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JD037526
- Diverging Ozone Trends Above Western North America: Boundary Layer Decreases Versus Free Tropospheric Increases K. Chang et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JD038090
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 02 Aug 2026
Short summary
A lack of information about temporal changes in measurement uncertainties is an area of concern for long-term trend studies of the key compounds which have a direct or indirect impact on climate change. The IAGOS program has measured O3 and CO within the troposphere and lower stratosphere for more than 25 years. In this study, we demonstrated that the IAGOS database can be treated as one continuous program and is therefore appropriate for studies of long-term trends.
A lack of information about temporal changes in measurement uncertainties is an area of concern...
