Articles | Volume 14, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-4171-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-4171-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
07 Jun 2021
Research article |
| 07 Jun 2021
| 07 Jun 2021
Detection of ship plumes from residual fuel operation in emission control areas using single-particle mass spectrometry
Johannes Passig
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Analytical Chemistry, University Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
Department Life, Light & Matter, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany
Julian Schade
Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Analytical Chemistry, University Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
Department Life, Light & Matter, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany
Robert Irsig
Department Life, Light & Matter, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany
Photonion GmbH, 19061 Schwerin, Germany
Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
Guangzhou Hexin Instrument Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510530, China
Xue Li
Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
Guangzhou Hexin Instrument Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510530, China
Zhen Zhou
Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
Guangzhou Hexin Instrument Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510530, China
Thomas Adam
Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
Universität der Bundeswehr München, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany
Ralf Zimmermann
Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, Analytical Chemistry, University Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
Department Life, Light & Matter, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany
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Cited
25 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Towards a better understanding of fine PM sources: Online and offline datasets combination in a single PMF M. Via et al. 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108006
- Limited efficiency of wet scrubbers in reducing the environmental impact of ship-emitted particles L. Anders et al. 10.1007/s10311-025-01830-x
- Impact of fuel sulfur regulations on carbonaceous particle emission from a marine engine M. Bauer et al. 10.1038/s41612-024-00838-4
- Remote Detection of Different Marine Fuels in Exhaust Plumes by Onboard Measurements in the Baltic Sea Using Single-Particle Mass Spectrometry E. Rosewig et al. 10.3390/atmos14050849
- Single-particle characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in background air in northern Europe J. Passig et al. 10.5194/acp-22-1495-2022
- The Inherent Instability of Environmental Parameters Governing Indoor Air Quality on Board Ships and the Use of Temporal Trends to Identify Pollution Sources O. Schalm et al. 10.1155/2023/7940661
- Real-Time Investigation of Primary Ship Engine Emissions by Vacuum Resonance-Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization High-Resolution Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry P. Kösling et al. 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03972
- A new form of hazardous microparticulate contamination to the marine environment from ships using heavy fuel oil with exhaust gas scrubbers – Characterization and implications for fate, transport and ecotoxicity A. Gondikas et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.178263
- Machine learning approaches for automatic classification of single-particle mass spectrometry data G. Wang et al. 10.5194/amt-17-299-2024
- Enrichment of calcium in sea spray aerosol: insights from bulk measurements and individual particle analysis during the R/V Xuelong cruise in the summertime in Ross Sea, Antarctica B. Su et al. 10.5194/acp-23-10697-2023
- Optical Fiber Multiparameter Detection and Numerical Simulation and Characteristics of Water Quality Particulate Matter Based on Single-Photon Detection Technology Q. Xu et al. 10.1155/2022/3170082
- Real-time chemical characterization of single ambient particles at a port city in Chinese domestic emission control area — Impacts of ship emissions on urban air quality L. Zhou et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153117
- Quantification and physical analysis of nanoparticle emissions from a marine engine using different fuels and a laboratory wet scrubber L. Santos et al. 10.1039/D2EM00054G
- A bridge-based ship exhaust monitoring method in the Yangtze River: Modeling interaction effects between ship exhaust plume and river-crossing bridge C. Zhou et al. 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117574
- Detection of ship emissions from distillate fuel operation via single-particle profiling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons L. Anders et al. 10.1039/D3EA00056G
- Long-Term Observation of Mixing States and Sources of Vanadium-Containing Single Particles from 2020 to 2021 in Guangzhou, China X. Xiong et al. 10.3390/toxics11040339
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as fuel-dependent markers in ship engine emissions using single-particle mass spectrometry L. Anders et al. 10.1039/D4EA00035H
- Port Emissions Assessment: Integrating Emission Measurements and AIS Data for Comprehensive Analysis L. Mocerino et al. 10.3390/atmos15040446
- Impact of Ship Emissions on Air Quality in the Greater Bay Area in China under the Latest Global Marine Fuel Regulation J. Zhai et al. 10.1021/acs.est.3c03950
- Measurement report: Vanadium-containing ship exhaust particles detected in and above the marine boundary layer in the remote atmosphere M. Abou-Ghanem et al. 10.5194/acp-24-8263-2024
- Optimal site selection for the remote-monitoring sulfur content of ship fuels in ports X. Peng et al. 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106211
- Review on Sensors for Sustainable and Safe Maritime Mobility G. Briguglio & V. Crupi 10.3390/jmse12020353
- Detection and analysis of ship emissions using single-particle mass spectrometry: A land-based field study in the port of rostock, Germany E. Rosewig et al. 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2024.100302
- 1D-CNN Network Based Real-Time Aerosol Particle Classification With Single-Particle Mass Spectrometry G. Wang et al. 10.1109/LSENS.2023.3315554
- The impact of low-sulfur marine fuel policy on air pollution in global coastal cities J. Shi et al. 10.1016/j.horiz.2024.100130
25 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Towards a better understanding of fine PM sources: Online and offline datasets combination in a single PMF M. Via et al. 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108006
- Limited efficiency of wet scrubbers in reducing the environmental impact of ship-emitted particles L. Anders et al. 10.1007/s10311-025-01830-x
- Impact of fuel sulfur regulations on carbonaceous particle emission from a marine engine M. Bauer et al. 10.1038/s41612-024-00838-4
- Remote Detection of Different Marine Fuels in Exhaust Plumes by Onboard Measurements in the Baltic Sea Using Single-Particle Mass Spectrometry E. Rosewig et al. 10.3390/atmos14050849
- Single-particle characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in background air in northern Europe J. Passig et al. 10.5194/acp-22-1495-2022
- The Inherent Instability of Environmental Parameters Governing Indoor Air Quality on Board Ships and the Use of Temporal Trends to Identify Pollution Sources O. Schalm et al. 10.1155/2023/7940661
- Real-Time Investigation of Primary Ship Engine Emissions by Vacuum Resonance-Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization High-Resolution Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry P. Kösling et al. 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03972
- A new form of hazardous microparticulate contamination to the marine environment from ships using heavy fuel oil with exhaust gas scrubbers – Characterization and implications for fate, transport and ecotoxicity A. Gondikas et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.178263
- Machine learning approaches for automatic classification of single-particle mass spectrometry data G. Wang et al. 10.5194/amt-17-299-2024
- Enrichment of calcium in sea spray aerosol: insights from bulk measurements and individual particle analysis during the R/V Xuelong cruise in the summertime in Ross Sea, Antarctica B. Su et al. 10.5194/acp-23-10697-2023
- Optical Fiber Multiparameter Detection and Numerical Simulation and Characteristics of Water Quality Particulate Matter Based on Single-Photon Detection Technology Q. Xu et al. 10.1155/2022/3170082
- Real-time chemical characterization of single ambient particles at a port city in Chinese domestic emission control area — Impacts of ship emissions on urban air quality L. Zhou et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153117
- Quantification and physical analysis of nanoparticle emissions from a marine engine using different fuels and a laboratory wet scrubber L. Santos et al. 10.1039/D2EM00054G
- A bridge-based ship exhaust monitoring method in the Yangtze River: Modeling interaction effects between ship exhaust plume and river-crossing bridge C. Zhou et al. 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117574
- Detection of ship emissions from distillate fuel operation via single-particle profiling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons L. Anders et al. 10.1039/D3EA00056G
- Long-Term Observation of Mixing States and Sources of Vanadium-Containing Single Particles from 2020 to 2021 in Guangzhou, China X. Xiong et al. 10.3390/toxics11040339
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as fuel-dependent markers in ship engine emissions using single-particle mass spectrometry L. Anders et al. 10.1039/D4EA00035H
- Port Emissions Assessment: Integrating Emission Measurements and AIS Data for Comprehensive Analysis L. Mocerino et al. 10.3390/atmos15040446
- Impact of Ship Emissions on Air Quality in the Greater Bay Area in China under the Latest Global Marine Fuel Regulation J. Zhai et al. 10.1021/acs.est.3c03950
- Measurement report: Vanadium-containing ship exhaust particles detected in and above the marine boundary layer in the remote atmosphere M. Abou-Ghanem et al. 10.5194/acp-24-8263-2024
- Optimal site selection for the remote-monitoring sulfur content of ship fuels in ports X. Peng et al. 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106211
- Review on Sensors for Sustainable and Safe Maritime Mobility G. Briguglio & V. Crupi 10.3390/jmse12020353
- Detection and analysis of ship emissions using single-particle mass spectrometry: A land-based field study in the port of rostock, Germany E. Rosewig et al. 10.1016/j.aeaoa.2024.100302
- 1D-CNN Network Based Real-Time Aerosol Particle Classification With Single-Particle Mass Spectrometry G. Wang et al. 10.1109/LSENS.2023.3315554
- The impact of low-sulfur marine fuel policy on air pollution in global coastal cities J. Shi et al. 10.1016/j.horiz.2024.100130
Latest update: 09 Jul 2025
Short summary
Ships are major sources of air pollution; however, monitoring of ship emissions outside harbours is a challenging task. We optimized single-particle mass spectrometry (SPMS) for the detection of bunker fuel emissions and demonstrate the detection of individual ship plumes from more than 10 km in distance. The approach works independently of background air pollution and also when ships use exhaust-cleaning scrubbers. We discuss the potential and limits of SPMS-based monitoring of ship plumes.
Ships are major sources of air pollution; however, monitoring of ship emissions outside harbours...
