Articles | Volume 14, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-615-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-615-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Assessment of the TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 product based on airborne APEX observations
Frederik Tack
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
BIRA-IASB, Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
Alexis Merlaud
BIRA-IASB, Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
Marian-Daniel Iordache
VITO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Mol, Belgium
Gaia Pinardi
BIRA-IASB, Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
Ermioni Dimitropoulou
BIRA-IASB, Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
Henk Eskes
KNMI, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, the Netherlands
Bart Bomans
VITO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Mol, Belgium
Pepijn Veefkind
KNMI, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, the Netherlands
Michel Van Roozendael
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
BIRA-IASB, Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy, Brussels, Belgium
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Cited
48 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Highly resolved mapping of NO2 vertical column densities from GeoTASO measurements over a megacity and industrial area during the KORUS-AQ campaign G. Choo et al.
- Changes in Power Plant NOx Emissions over Northwest Greece Using a Data Assimilation Technique I. Skoulidou et al.
- US COVID‐19 Shutdown Demonstrates Importance of Background NO2 in Inferring NOx Emissions From Satellite NO2 Observations Z. Qu et al.
- Spatial and Temporal Variation of NO2 Vertical Column Densities (VCDs) over Poland: Comparison of the Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Observations and the GEM-AQ Model Simulations M. Kawka et al.
- Quantifying urban, industrial, and background changes in NO2 during the COVID-19 lockdown period based on TROPOMI satellite observations V. Fioletov et al.
- International maritime regulation decreases sulfur dioxide but increases nitrogen oxide emissions in the North and Baltic Sea W. Van Roy et al.
- To new heights by flying low: comparison of aircraft vertical NO2 profiles to model simulations and implications for TROPOMI NO2 retrievals T. Riess et al.
- Sensitivity analysis of NO2 differential slant column density according to spatial resolution using GCAS data from the SIJAQ 2022 campaign S. Lee et al.
- Airborne observation with a low-cost hyperspectral instrument: retrieval of NO2 vertical column densities (VCDs) and the satellite sub-grid variability over industrial point sources J. Park et al.
- Quantifying instantaneous nitrogen oxides emissions from power plants based on space observations T. Tang et al.
- Ground-based Multi-AXis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) observations of NO2 and H2CO at Kinshasa and comparisons with TROPOMI observations R. Yombo Phaka et al.
- Global analysis of nitrogen dioxide and formaldehyde column densities from the Pandora global network: Variability and implications for satellite validation J. Park et al.
- Uncertainty assessment of TROPOMI NO2 over Europe using ground-based remote sensing observations F. Cifuentes et al.
- Validation of Sentinel-5P TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 products by comparison with NO2 measurements from airborne imaging DOAS, ground-based stationary DOAS, and mobile car DOAS measurements during the S5P-VAL-DE-Ruhr campaign K. Lange et al.
- Constraining the budget of NOx and volatile organic compounds at a remote tropical island using multi-platform observations and WRF-Chem model simulations C. Poraicu et al.
- Direct estimates of biomass burning NOx emissions and lifetimes using daily observations from TROPOMI X. Jin et al.
- High-Resolution Nitrogen Dioxide Measurements from an Airborne Fiber Imaging Spectrometer over Tangshan, China X. Zhang et al.
- NitroNet – a machine learning model for the prediction of tropospheric NO2 profiles from TROPOMI observations L. Kuhn et al.
- An improved TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 research product over Europe S. Liu et al.
- Spatiotemporal Patterns in Data Availability of the Sentinel-5P NO2 Product over Urban Areas in Norway P. Schneider et al.
- High-resolution observations of NO2 and CO2 emission plumes from EnMAP satellite measurements C. Borger et al.
- Sentinel-5P TROPOMI NO2 retrieval: impact of version v2.2 improvements and comparisons with OMI and ground-based data J. van Geffen et al.
- Satellite remote-sensing capability to assess tropospheric-column ratios of formaldehyde and nitrogen dioxide: case study during the Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone Study 2018 (LISTOS 2018) field campaign M. Johnson et al.
- Model-free daily inversion of NOx emissions using TROPOMI (MCMFE-NOx) and its uncertainty: Declining regulated emissions and growth of new sources K. Qin et al.
- Assessment of environmental consequences of hostilities: Tropospheric NO2 vertical column amounts in the atmosphere over Ukraine in 2019–2022 L. Malytska et al.
- Validation of TROPOMI and WRF-Chem NO2 across seasons using SWING+ and surface observations over Bucharest A. Pasternak et al.
- Assessment of Airport-Related Emissions and Their Impact on Air Quality in Atlanta, GA, Using CMAQ and TROPOMI A. Lawal et al.
- The impact of COVID-19-induced lockdowns during spring 2020 on nitrogen dioxide levels over major American counties J. Poetzscher & R. Isaifan
- Atmospheric NO2 Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Yangtze River Economic Belt: Analysis of the NO2 Product of TROPOMI/Sentinel-5P X. Liu et al.
- On the influence of vertical mixing, boundary layer schemes, and temporal emission profiles on tropospheric NO2 in WRF-Chem – comparisons to in situ, satellite, and MAX-DOAS observations L. Kuhn et al.
- Cross-evaluating WRF-Chem v4.1.2, TROPOMI, APEX, and in situ NO2 measurements over Antwerp, Belgium C. Poraicu et al.
- New Perspective on Using Observational Uncertainty to Improve Reliability of NO x Emissions Over Northern China L. Lu et al.
- Introducing new lightning schemes into the CHASER (MIROC) chemistry–climate model Y. He et al.
- Horizontal distribution of tropospheric NO2 and aerosols derived by dual-scan multi-wavelength multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements in Uccle, Belgium E. Dimitropoulou et al.
- Evaluating TROPOMI and MODIS performance to capture the dynamic of air pollution in São Paulo state: A case study during the COVID-19 outbreak A. Rudke et al.
- Comparison of TROPOMI NO2, CO, HCHO, and SO2 data against ground‐level measurements in close proximity to large anthropogenic emission sources in the example of Ukraine M. Savenets et al.
- Identification of ozone sensitivity for NO2 and secondary HCHO based on MAX-DOAS measurements in northeast China J. Xue et al.
- Airborne monitoring of compliance to NOx emission regulations from ocean-going vessels in the Belgian North Sea W. Van Roy et al.
- Observationally constrained global NOx and CO emissions variability reveals sources which contribute significantly to CO2 emissions S. Wang et al.
- Grid-stretching capability for the GEOS-Chem 13.0.0 atmospheric chemistry model L. Bindle et al.
- High-resolution mapping of nitrogen oxide emissions in large US cities from TROPOMI retrievals of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide columns F. Liu et al.
- Hybrid transformer and physics-informed neural operator for correcting TEMPO NO2 biases over North America S. Kayastha et al.
- Validation of TROPOMI Satellite Measurements of the NO2 Content in the Troposphere and Stratosphere with Ground-Based Measurements at the Zvenigorod Scientific Station of A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences V. Rakitin et al.
- Assessing sub-grid variability within satellite pixels over urban regions using airborne mapping spectrometer measurements W. Tang et al.
- Air quality impacts of COVID-19 lockdown measures detected from space using high spatial resolution observations of multiple trace gases from Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI P. Levelt et al.
- Constraining industrial ammonia emissions using hyperspectral infrared imaging L. Noppen et al.
- Potential of TROPOMI for understanding spatio-temporal variations in surface NO2 and their dependencies upon land use over the Iberian Peninsula H. Petetin et al.
- Clear-sky and cloudy-sky differences in NO2 concentrations over the United States: implications for satellite measurement applications D. Goldberg et al.
48 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Highly resolved mapping of NO2 vertical column densities from GeoTASO measurements over a megacity and industrial area during the KORUS-AQ campaign G. Choo et al.
- Changes in Power Plant NOx Emissions over Northwest Greece Using a Data Assimilation Technique I. Skoulidou et al.
- US COVID‐19 Shutdown Demonstrates Importance of Background NO2 in Inferring NOx Emissions From Satellite NO2 Observations Z. Qu et al.
- Spatial and Temporal Variation of NO2 Vertical Column Densities (VCDs) over Poland: Comparison of the Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Observations and the GEM-AQ Model Simulations M. Kawka et al.
- Quantifying urban, industrial, and background changes in NO2 during the COVID-19 lockdown period based on TROPOMI satellite observations V. Fioletov et al.
- International maritime regulation decreases sulfur dioxide but increases nitrogen oxide emissions in the North and Baltic Sea W. Van Roy et al.
- To new heights by flying low: comparison of aircraft vertical NO2 profiles to model simulations and implications for TROPOMI NO2 retrievals T. Riess et al.
- Sensitivity analysis of NO2 differential slant column density according to spatial resolution using GCAS data from the SIJAQ 2022 campaign S. Lee et al.
- Airborne observation with a low-cost hyperspectral instrument: retrieval of NO2 vertical column densities (VCDs) and the satellite sub-grid variability over industrial point sources J. Park et al.
- Quantifying instantaneous nitrogen oxides emissions from power plants based on space observations T. Tang et al.
- Ground-based Multi-AXis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) observations of NO2 and H2CO at Kinshasa and comparisons with TROPOMI observations R. Yombo Phaka et al.
- Global analysis of nitrogen dioxide and formaldehyde column densities from the Pandora global network: Variability and implications for satellite validation J. Park et al.
- Uncertainty assessment of TROPOMI NO2 over Europe using ground-based remote sensing observations F. Cifuentes et al.
- Validation of Sentinel-5P TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 products by comparison with NO2 measurements from airborne imaging DOAS, ground-based stationary DOAS, and mobile car DOAS measurements during the S5P-VAL-DE-Ruhr campaign K. Lange et al.
- Constraining the budget of NOx and volatile organic compounds at a remote tropical island using multi-platform observations and WRF-Chem model simulations C. Poraicu et al.
- Direct estimates of biomass burning NOx emissions and lifetimes using daily observations from TROPOMI X. Jin et al.
- High-Resolution Nitrogen Dioxide Measurements from an Airborne Fiber Imaging Spectrometer over Tangshan, China X. Zhang et al.
- NitroNet – a machine learning model for the prediction of tropospheric NO2 profiles from TROPOMI observations L. Kuhn et al.
- An improved TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 research product over Europe S. Liu et al.
- Spatiotemporal Patterns in Data Availability of the Sentinel-5P NO2 Product over Urban Areas in Norway P. Schneider et al.
- High-resolution observations of NO2 and CO2 emission plumes from EnMAP satellite measurements C. Borger et al.
- Sentinel-5P TROPOMI NO2 retrieval: impact of version v2.2 improvements and comparisons with OMI and ground-based data J. van Geffen et al.
- Satellite remote-sensing capability to assess tropospheric-column ratios of formaldehyde and nitrogen dioxide: case study during the Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone Study 2018 (LISTOS 2018) field campaign M. Johnson et al.
- Model-free daily inversion of NOx emissions using TROPOMI (MCMFE-NOx) and its uncertainty: Declining regulated emissions and growth of new sources K. Qin et al.
- Assessment of environmental consequences of hostilities: Tropospheric NO2 vertical column amounts in the atmosphere over Ukraine in 2019–2022 L. Malytska et al.
- Validation of TROPOMI and WRF-Chem NO2 across seasons using SWING+ and surface observations over Bucharest A. Pasternak et al.
- Assessment of Airport-Related Emissions and Their Impact on Air Quality in Atlanta, GA, Using CMAQ and TROPOMI A. Lawal et al.
- The impact of COVID-19-induced lockdowns during spring 2020 on nitrogen dioxide levels over major American counties J. Poetzscher & R. Isaifan
- Atmospheric NO2 Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors in Yangtze River Economic Belt: Analysis of the NO2 Product of TROPOMI/Sentinel-5P X. Liu et al.
- On the influence of vertical mixing, boundary layer schemes, and temporal emission profiles on tropospheric NO2 in WRF-Chem – comparisons to in situ, satellite, and MAX-DOAS observations L. Kuhn et al.
- Cross-evaluating WRF-Chem v4.1.2, TROPOMI, APEX, and in situ NO2 measurements over Antwerp, Belgium C. Poraicu et al.
- New Perspective on Using Observational Uncertainty to Improve Reliability of NO x Emissions Over Northern China L. Lu et al.
- Introducing new lightning schemes into the CHASER (MIROC) chemistry–climate model Y. He et al.
- Horizontal distribution of tropospheric NO2 and aerosols derived by dual-scan multi-wavelength multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements in Uccle, Belgium E. Dimitropoulou et al.
- Evaluating TROPOMI and MODIS performance to capture the dynamic of air pollution in São Paulo state: A case study during the COVID-19 outbreak A. Rudke et al.
- Comparison of TROPOMI NO2, CO, HCHO, and SO2 data against ground‐level measurements in close proximity to large anthropogenic emission sources in the example of Ukraine M. Savenets et al.
- Identification of ozone sensitivity for NO2 and secondary HCHO based on MAX-DOAS measurements in northeast China J. Xue et al.
- Airborne monitoring of compliance to NOx emission regulations from ocean-going vessels in the Belgian North Sea W. Van Roy et al.
- Observationally constrained global NOx and CO emissions variability reveals sources which contribute significantly to CO2 emissions S. Wang et al.
- Grid-stretching capability for the GEOS-Chem 13.0.0 atmospheric chemistry model L. Bindle et al.
- High-resolution mapping of nitrogen oxide emissions in large US cities from TROPOMI retrievals of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide columns F. Liu et al.
- Hybrid transformer and physics-informed neural operator for correcting TEMPO NO2 biases over North America S. Kayastha et al.
- Validation of TROPOMI Satellite Measurements of the NO2 Content in the Troposphere and Stratosphere with Ground-Based Measurements at the Zvenigorod Scientific Station of A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences V. Rakitin et al.
- Assessing sub-grid variability within satellite pixels over urban regions using airborne mapping spectrometer measurements W. Tang et al.
- Air quality impacts of COVID-19 lockdown measures detected from space using high spatial resolution observations of multiple trace gases from Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI P. Levelt et al.
- Constraining industrial ammonia emissions using hyperspectral infrared imaging L. Noppen et al.
- Potential of TROPOMI for understanding spatio-temporal variations in surface NO2 and their dependencies upon land use over the Iberian Peninsula H. Petetin et al.
- Clear-sky and cloudy-sky differences in NO2 concentrations over the United States: implications for satellite measurement applications D. Goldberg et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 30 Apr 2026
Short summary
We assess the TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 product (OFFL v1.03.01; 3.5 km × 7 km at nadir observations) based on coinciding airborne APEX reference observations (~75 m × 120 m), acquired over polluted regions in Belgium. The TROPOMI NO2 product meets the mission requirements in terms of precision and accuracy. However, we show that TROPOMI is biased low over polluted areas, mainly due to the limited spatial resolution of a priori input for the AMF computation.
We assess the TROPOMI tropospheric NO2 product (OFFL v1.03.01; 3.5 km × 7 km at nadir...