Articles | Volume 15, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-321-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-321-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
21 Jan 2022
Research article |
| 21 Jan 2022
| 21 Jan 2022
Evaluating uncertainty in sensor networks for urban air pollution insights
Environmental Defense Fund, 301 Congress Ave #1300, Austin, TX
78701, USA
Olalekan A. M. Popoola
Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
Roderic L. Jones
Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
Nicholas A. Martin
Air Quality and Aerosol Metrology Group, Atmospheric Environmental
Science Department, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington,
Middlesex, TW11 0LW, UK
Jim Mills
ACOEM Air Monitors Ltd., Ground Floor Offices, C1 The Courtyard,
Tewkesbury Business Park, Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, GL20 8GD, UK
Elizabeth R. Fonseca
Environmental Defense Fund Europe, 3rd Floor, 41 Eastcheap,
London, EC3M 1DT, UK
Amy Stidworthy
Cambridge Environmental Research Consultants Ltd., 3 King's Parade,
Cambridge, CB2 1SJ, UK
Ella Forsyth
Cambridge Environmental Research Consultants Ltd., 3 King's Parade,
Cambridge, CB2 1SJ, UK
David Carruthers
Cambridge Environmental Research Consultants Ltd., 3 King's Parade,
Cambridge, CB2 1SJ, UK
Megan Dupuy-Todd
Environmental Defense Fund, 301 Congress Ave #1300, Austin, TX
78701, USA
now at: Clean Air Task Force, 114 State Street, 6th Floor, Boston, MA
02109, USA
Felicia Douglas
Environmental Defense Fund Europe, 3rd Floor, 41 Eastcheap,
London, EC3M 1DT, UK
Katie Moore
Environmental Defense Fund, 301 Congress Ave #1300, Austin, TX
78701, USA
now at: Clarity Movement Co., 808 Gilman Street, Berkeley, CA 94710,
USA
Rishabh U. Shah
Environmental Defense Fund, 301 Congress Ave #1300, Austin, TX
78701, USA
Lauren E. Padilla
Environmental Defense Fund, 301 Congress Ave #1300, Austin, TX
78701, USA
Ramón A. Alvarez
Environmental Defense Fund, 301 Congress Ave #1300, Austin, TX
78701, USA
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Cited
22 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Comprehensive comparison of correction techniques for low-cost air quality sensors: the impact of device type and deployment environment I. Hayward et al.
- Impact of Monitoring Site Density on Air Quality Time Series: Trend Variability across Spatial Resolutions K. Lee & S. Shin
- RPCA-based techniques for pattern extraction, hotspot identification and signal correction using data from a dense network of low-cost NO2 sensors in London M. Bogaert et al.
- Portable Sensors for Dynamic Exposure Assessments in Urban Environments: State of the Science J. Hofman et al.
- Quality assessment and control of urban environmental sensors using physical thresholding and machine learning-based probabilities J. Lee et al.
- Smart cities software applications for sustainability and resilience D. Okonta & V. Vukovic
- Learning neighborhood-scale cross-dependencies among air pollutants, meteorology and land cover using mobile sensing and transformers D. Nissenbaum et al.
- The ZiCOS-M CO2 sensor network: measurement performance and CO2 variability across Zurich S. Grange et al.
- How standardizing ‘low-cost’ air quality monitors will help measure pollution R. Brown & N. Martin
- Evaluation of low-cost gas sensors to quantify intra-urban variability of atmospheric pollutants A. Baruah et al.
- In situ drift correction for a low-cost NO2 sensor network J. Miech et al.
- Condensation particle counters: Exploring the limits of miniaturisation S. Balendra et al.
- Empowering communities: Advancements in air quality monitoring and citizen engagement H. Relvas et al.
- Identifying Patterns and Sources of Fine and Ultrafine Particulate Matter in London Using Mobile Measurements of Lung-Deposited Surface Area R. Shah et al.
- Gaussian processes and sensor network calibration J. Sousa & A. Forbes
- Effects of extreme temperatures on spatial-temporal variations of NO2 in urban neighbourhoods in Greater London Z. Bai & N. Mohajeri
- End-user case studies in sensor network metrology J. Pearce et al.
- Low‐cost air quality monitoring networks for long‐term field campaigns: A review F. Carotenuto et al.
- Recalibration of low-cost O3 and PM2.5 sensors: linking practices to recent air sensor test protocols P. Gäbel & E. Hertig
- Challenges and Opportunities in Calibrating Low-Cost Environmental Sensors N. Nalakurthi et al.
- RETRACTED: Meteorological influences on air pollution dynamics in pollution epicentre of National Capital Region, India S. Mahato et al.
- Air pollution measurement errors: is your data fit for purpose? S. Diez et al.
22 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Comprehensive comparison of correction techniques for low-cost air quality sensors: the impact of device type and deployment environment I. Hayward et al.
- Impact of Monitoring Site Density on Air Quality Time Series: Trend Variability across Spatial Resolutions K. Lee & S. Shin
- RPCA-based techniques for pattern extraction, hotspot identification and signal correction using data from a dense network of low-cost NO2 sensors in London M. Bogaert et al.
- Portable Sensors for Dynamic Exposure Assessments in Urban Environments: State of the Science J. Hofman et al.
- Quality assessment and control of urban environmental sensors using physical thresholding and machine learning-based probabilities J. Lee et al.
- Smart cities software applications for sustainability and resilience D. Okonta & V. Vukovic
- Learning neighborhood-scale cross-dependencies among air pollutants, meteorology and land cover using mobile sensing and transformers D. Nissenbaum et al.
- The ZiCOS-M CO2 sensor network: measurement performance and CO2 variability across Zurich S. Grange et al.
- How standardizing ‘low-cost’ air quality monitors will help measure pollution R. Brown & N. Martin
- Evaluation of low-cost gas sensors to quantify intra-urban variability of atmospheric pollutants A. Baruah et al.
- In situ drift correction for a low-cost NO2 sensor network J. Miech et al.
- Condensation particle counters: Exploring the limits of miniaturisation S. Balendra et al.
- Empowering communities: Advancements in air quality monitoring and citizen engagement H. Relvas et al.
- Identifying Patterns and Sources of Fine and Ultrafine Particulate Matter in London Using Mobile Measurements of Lung-Deposited Surface Area R. Shah et al.
- Gaussian processes and sensor network calibration J. Sousa & A. Forbes
- Effects of extreme temperatures on spatial-temporal variations of NO2 in urban neighbourhoods in Greater London Z. Bai & N. Mohajeri
- End-user case studies in sensor network metrology J. Pearce et al.
- Low‐cost air quality monitoring networks for long‐term field campaigns: A review F. Carotenuto et al.
- Recalibration of low-cost O3 and PM2.5 sensors: linking practices to recent air sensor test protocols P. Gäbel & E. Hertig
- Challenges and Opportunities in Calibrating Low-Cost Environmental Sensors N. Nalakurthi et al.
- RETRACTED: Meteorological influences on air pollution dynamics in pollution epicentre of National Capital Region, India S. Mahato et al.
- Air pollution measurement errors: is your data fit for purpose? S. Diez et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 30 Apr 2026
Short summary
We present more than 2 years of NO2 pollution measurements from a sensor network in Greater London and compare results to an extensive network of expensive reference-grade monitors. We show the ability of our lower-cost network to generate robust insights about local air pollution. We also show how irregularities in sensor performance lead to some uncertainty in results and demonstrate ways that future users can characterize and mitigate uncertainties to get the most value from sensor data.
We present more than 2 years of NO2 pollution measurements from a sensor network in Greater...
