Articles | Volume 15, issue 20
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5969-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5969-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Influence of CO2 adsorption on cylinders and fractionation of CO2 and air during the preparation of a standard mixture
National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (NMIJ/AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8563, Japan
Shigeyuki Ishidoya
Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of
Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (EMRI/AIST), Tsukuba 305-8569,
Japan
Shohei Murayama
Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of
Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (EMRI/AIST), Tsukuba 305-8569,
Japan
Nobuhiro Matsumoto
National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (NMIJ/AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8563, Japan
Related authors
Nobuyuki Aoki and Shigeyuki Ishidoya
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2618, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2618, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, offsets of CO2 values due to thermal diffusion effect were observed in the outflowing gas from cylinders finding that the CO2 mole fraction in a cylinder deviate by this effect as the pressure dropped. This result suggests that the deviation in the CO2 value in the cylinder is caused not only by the adsorption and desorption effects but also by the thermal diffusion fractionation effect.
Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Kazuhiro Tsuboi, Hiroaki Kondo, Kentaro Ishijima, Nobuyuki Aoki, Hidekazu Matsueda, and Kazuyuki Saito
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1059–1077, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1059-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1059-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A method evaluating techniques for carbon neutrality, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS), is important. This study presents a method to evaluate CO2 emissions from a cement plant based on atmospheric O2 and CO2 measurements. The method will also be useful for evaluating CO2 capture from flue gas at CCS plants, since the plants remove CO2 from the atmosphere without causing any O2 changes, just as cement plants do, differing only in the direction of CO2 exchange with the atmosphere.
Nobuyuki Aoki, Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Yasunori Tohjima, Shinji Morimoto, Ralph F. Keeling, Adam Cox, Shuichiro Takebayashi, and Shohei Murayama
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 6181–6193, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6181-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6181-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Observing the minimal long-term change in atmospheric O2 molar fraction combined with CO2 observation enables us to estimate terrestrial biospheric and oceanic CO2 uptakes separately. In this study, we firstly identified the span offset between the laboratory O2 scales using our developed high-precision standard mixtures, suggesting that the result may allow us to estimate terrestrial biospheric and oceanic CO2 uptakes precisely.
Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Satoshi Sugawara, Yasunori Tohjima, Daisuke Goto, Kentaro Ishijima, Yosuke Niwa, Nobuyuki Aoki, and Shohei Murayama
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1357–1373, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1357-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1357-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The surface Ar / N2 ratio showed not only secular increasing trends, but also interannual variations in phase with the global ocean heat content (OHC). Sensitivity test by using a two-dimensional model indicated that the secular trend in the Ar / N2 ratio is modified by the gravitational separation in the stratosphere. The analytical results imply that the surface Ar/N2 ratio is an important tracer for detecting spatiotemporally integrated changes in OHC and stratospheric circulation.
Masahito Ueyama, Yuta Takao, Hiromi Yazawa, Makiko Tanaka, Hironori Yabuki, Tomo'omi Kumagai, Hiroki Iwata, Md. Abdul Awal, Mingyuan Du, Yoshinobu Harazono, Yoshiaki Hata, Takashi Hirano, Tsutom Hiura, Reiko Ide, Sachinobu Ishida, Mamoru Ishikawa, Kenzo Kitamura, Yuji Kominami, Shujiro Komiya, Ayumi Kotani, Yuta Inoue, Takashi Machimura, Kazuho Matsumoto, Yojiro Matsuura, Yasuko Mizoguchi, Shohei Murayama, Hirohiko Nagano, Taro Nakai, Tatsuro Nakaji, Ko Nakaya, Shinjiro Ohkubo, Takeshi Ohta, Keisuke Ono, Taku M. Saitoh, Ayaka Sakabe, Takanori Shimizu, Seiji Shimoda, Michiaki Sugita, Kentaro Takagi, Yoshiyuki Takahashi, Naoya Takamura, Satoru Takanashi, Takahiro Takimoto, Yukio Yasuda, Qinxue Wang, Jun Asanuma, Hideo Hasegawa, Tetsuya Hiyama, Yoshihiro Iijima, Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Masayuki Itoh, Tomomichi Kato, Hiroaki Kondo, Yoshiko Kosugi, Tomonori Kume, Takahisa Maeda, Shoji Matsuura, Trofim Maximov, Takafumi Miyama, Ryo Moriwaki, Hiroyuki Muraoka, Roman Petrov, Jun Suzuki, Shingo Taniguchi, and Kazuhito Ichii
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 3807–3833, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-3807-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-3807-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The JapanFlux2024 dataset, created through collaboration across Japan and East Asia, includes eddy covariance data from 83 sites spanning 683 site-years (1990–2023). This comprehensive dataset offers valuable insights into energy, water, and CO2 fluxes, supporting research on land–atmosphere interactions and process models; fosters global collaboration; and advances research in environmental science and regional climate dynamics.
Satoshi Sugawara, Ikumi Oyabu, Kenji Kawamura, Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Shinji Morimoto, Shuji Aoki, Takakiyo Nakazawa, Sakae Toyoda, and Hideyuki Honda
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2916, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2916, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
Stratospheric air samples have been collected using balloon-borne cryogenic samplers over Japan and analyzed for the isotopic and elemental ratios of noble gases. We report the results of the first study on the vertical changes of Kr, Xe, and Ne in the stratosphere. The observed results suggest that not only gravitational separation but also kinetic fractionation occurred in the stratosphere. The kinetic fractionations would be an additional tool to diagnose stratospheric transport processes.
Nobuyuki Aoki and Shigeyuki Ishidoya
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2618, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2618, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, offsets of CO2 values due to thermal diffusion effect were observed in the outflowing gas from cylinders finding that the CO2 mole fraction in a cylinder deviate by this effect as the pressure dropped. This result suggests that the deviation in the CO2 value in the cylinder is caused not only by the adsorption and desorption effects but also by the thermal diffusion fractionation effect.
Satoshi Sugawara, Shinji Morimoto, Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Taku Umezawa, Shuji Aoki, Takakiyo Nakazawa, Sakae Toyoda, Kentaro Ishijima, Daisuke Goto, and Hideyuki Honda
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1003, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1003, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
We have been collected stratospheric air samples since 1985 over Japan and analyzed them for δ13CO2. δ13CO2 has decreased through time in the mid-stratosphere with an average rate of change of −0.026 ± 0.001 ‰ yr−1. It has become clear that the oxidation of methane and gravitational separation are important for stratospheric δ13CO2 variations. We newly defined ‘stratospheric potential δ13C’ as a quasi-conservative parameter and demonstrated that it can be used as an air age tracer.
Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Satoshi Sugawara, and Atsushi Okazaki
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 25, 1965–1987, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1965-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-1965-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The 18O/16O ratio of atmospheric oxygen, δatm(18O), is higher than that of ocean water due to isotopic effects during biospheric activities. This is known as the Dole–Morita effect, and its millennial-scale variations are recorded in ice cores. However, small variations of δatm(18O) in the present day have never been detected so far. This paper presents the first observations of diurnal, seasonal, and secular variations in δatm(18O) and applies them to evaluate oxygen, carbon, and water cycles.
Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Kazuhiro Tsuboi, Hiroaki Kondo, Kentaro Ishijima, Nobuyuki Aoki, Hidekazu Matsueda, and Kazuyuki Saito
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 1059–1077, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1059-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-1059-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
A method evaluating techniques for carbon neutrality, such as carbon capture and storage (CCS), is important. This study presents a method to evaluate CO2 emissions from a cement plant based on atmospheric O2 and CO2 measurements. The method will also be useful for evaluating CO2 capture from flue gas at CCS plants, since the plants remove CO2 from the atmosphere without causing any O2 changes, just as cement plants do, differing only in the direction of CO2 exchange with the atmosphere.
Kazuki Kamezaki, Sebastian O. Danielache, Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Takahisa Maeda, and Shohei Murayama
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-209, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-209, 2023
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Recently, MIRA Pico, a portable continuous carbonyl sulfide (COS) concentration analyzer using mid-infrared absorption, has been released. MIRA Pico has a lower cost and is smaller than conventional laser COS analyzers. However, actual COS atmospheric measurement results using MIRA Pico have not yet been reported. In this study, we modified and tested the MIRA Pico for atmospheric COS concentration measurements. We used the modified MIRA Pico for observations at Tsukuba, Japan.
Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Kazuhiro Tsuboi, Yosuke Niwa, Hidekazu Matsueda, Shohei Murayama, Kentaro Ishijima, and Kazuyuki Saito
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 6953–6970, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6953-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6953-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The atmospheric O2 / N2 ratio and CO2 concentration over the western North Pacific are presented. We found significant modification of the seasonal APO cycle in the middle troposphere due to the interhemispheric mixing of air. APO driven by the net marine biological activities indicated annual sea–air O2 flux during El Niño. Terrestrial biospheric and oceanic CO2 uptakes during 2012–2019 were estimated to be 1.8 and 2.8 Pg C a−1, respectively.
Nobuyuki Aoki, Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Yasunori Tohjima, Shinji Morimoto, Ralph F. Keeling, Adam Cox, Shuichiro Takebayashi, and Shohei Murayama
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 6181–6193, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6181-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6181-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Observing the minimal long-term change in atmospheric O2 molar fraction combined with CO2 observation enables us to estimate terrestrial biospheric and oceanic CO2 uptakes separately. In this study, we firstly identified the span offset between the laboratory O2 scales using our developed high-precision standard mixtures, suggesting that the result may allow us to estimate terrestrial biospheric and oceanic CO2 uptakes precisely.
Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Satoshi Sugawara, Yasunori Tohjima, Daisuke Goto, Kentaro Ishijima, Yosuke Niwa, Nobuyuki Aoki, and Shohei Murayama
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1357–1373, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1357-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1357-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The surface Ar / N2 ratio showed not only secular increasing trends, but also interannual variations in phase with the global ocean heat content (OHC). Sensitivity test by using a two-dimensional model indicated that the secular trend in the Ar / N2 ratio is modified by the gravitational separation in the stratosphere. The analytical results imply that the surface Ar/N2 ratio is an important tracer for detecting spatiotemporally integrated changes in OHC and stratospheric circulation.
Ikumi Oyabu, Kenji Kawamura, Kyotaro Kitamura, Remi Dallmayr, Akihiro Kitamura, Chikako Sawada, Jeffrey P. Severinghaus, Ross Beaudette, Anaïs Orsi, Satoshi Sugawara, Shigeyuki Ishidoya, Dorthe Dahl-Jensen, Kumiko Goto-Azuma, Shuji Aoki, and Takakiyo Nakazawa
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 6703–6731, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6703-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6703-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Air in polar ice cores provides information on past atmosphere and climate. We present a new method for simultaneously measuring eight gases (CH4, N2O and CO2 concentrations; isotopic ratios of N2 and O2; elemental ratios between N2, O2 and Ar; and total air content) from single ice-core samples with high precision.
Cited articles
Alink, A. and Van der Veen, A. M.: Uncertainty calculations for the
preparation of primary gas mixtures, Metrologia, 37, 641–650,
https://doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/37/6/1, 2000.
Aoki, N. and Shimosaka, T.: Development of an analytical system based on a
paramagnetic oxygen analyzer for atmospheric oxygen variations, Anal. Sci.,
34, 487–493, https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.17P380, 2018.
Aoki, N., Ishidoya, S., Matsumoto, N., Watanabe, T., Shimosaka, T., and Murayama, S.: Preparation of primary standard mixtures for atmospheric oxygen measurements with less than 1 µmol mol−1 uncertainty for oxygen molar fractions, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 2631–2646, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-2631-2019, 2019.
Brewer, P. J., Brown, R. J. C., Resner, K. V., Hill-Pearce, R. E., Worton,
D. R., Allen, N. D. C., Blakley, K. C., Benucci, D., and Ellison, M. R.:
Influence of pressure on the composition of gaseous reference materials,
Anal. Chem., 90, 3490–3495, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.7b05309, 2018.
Flores, E., Viallon, J., Choteau, T., Moussay, P., Idrees, F., Wielgosz, R.,
Lee, J., Zalewska, E., Nieuwenkamp, G., van der Veen, A., Konopelko, L. A.,
Kustikov, Y. A., Kolobova, A. V., Chubchenko, Y. K., Efremova, O. V., Zhe,
B., Zhou, Z., Miller Jr., W. R., Rhoderick, G. C., Hodge, J. T., Shimosaka,
T., Aoki, N., Hall, B., Brewer, P., Cieciora, D., Sega, M., Macé, T.,
Fükő, J., Szilágyi, Z. N., Büki, T., Jozela, M. I., Ntsasa,
N. G., Leshabane, N., Tshilongo, J., Johri, P., and Tarhan, T.: CCQM-K120
(carbon dioxide at background and urban level), Metrologia, 56, 08001,
https://doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/56/1A/08001, 2019.
Hall, B. D., Crotwell, A. M., Miller, B. R., Schibig, M., and Elkins, J. W.: Gravimetrically prepared carbon dioxide standards in support of atmospheric research, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 517–524, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-517-2019, 2019.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO): ISO 19229:2015, Gas analysis – Purity analysis and the treatment of purity data, ISO, 9 pp., 2015a.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO): ISO 6142-1:2015, Gas Analysis – Preparation of calibration gas mixtures – Part 1: Gravimetric method for Class I mixtures, ISO, 39 pp., 2015b.
Ishidoya, S. and Murayama, S.: Development of a new high precision
continuous measuring system for atmospheric and
and its application to the observation in Tsukuba, Japan, Tellus B, 66, 22574, https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v66.22574, 2014.
Ishidoya, S., Sugawara, S., Morimoto, S., Aoki, S., Nakazawa, T., Honda, H., and Murayama, S.: Gravitational separation in the stratosphere – a new indicator of atmospheric circulation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 8787–8796, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8787-2013, 2013.
Ishidoya, S., Tsuboi, K., Matsueda, H., Murayama, S., Aoki, S., Nakazawa,
T., Honda, H., Sawa, Y., Niwa, Y., Saito, K., Tsuji, K., Nishi, H., Baba,
Y., Takatsuji, S., Dehara, K., and Fujiwara, H.: New atmospheric ratio measurements over the western North Pacific using a
cargo aircraft C-130H, SOLA, 10, 23–28, https://doi.org/10.2151/sola.2014-006, 2014.
Langenfelds, R. L., van der Schoot, M. V., Francey, R. J., Steele, L. P.,
Schmidt, M., and Mukai, H.: Modification of air standard composition by
diffusive and surface processes, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D13307,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005482, 2005.
Langmuir, I.: The adsorption of gases on plane surfaces of glass, mica and
platinum, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 40, 1361–1403,
https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02242a004, 1918.
Leuenberger, M. C., Schibig, M. F., and Nyfeler, P.: Gas adsorption and desorption effects on cylinders and their importance for long-term gas records, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 5289–5299, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-5289-2015, 2015.
Matsumoto, N., Watanabe, T., Maruyama, M., Horimoto, Y., Maeda, T., and
Kato, K.: Development of mass measurement equipment using an electronic
mass-comparator for gravimetric preparation of standard mixtures, Metrologia, 41, 178–188, https://doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/41/3/011, 2004.
Matsumoto, N., Shimosaka, T., Watanabe, T., and Kato, K.: Evaluation of error
sources in a gravimetric technique for preparation of a standard mixture
(carbon dioxide in synthetic air), Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 391, 2061–2069,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-008-2107-8, 2008.
Miller, W. R., Rhoderick, G. C., and Guenther, F. R.: Investigating
adsorption/desorption of carbon dioxide in aluminum compressed gas
cylinders, Anal. Chem., 87, 1957–1962, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac504351b, 2015.
Milton, M. J. T., Vargha, G. M., and Brown, A. S.: Gravimetric methods for
the preparation of standard gas mixtures, Metrologia, 48, R1–R9,
https://doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/48/5/R01, 2011.
Moore, W. J.: Physical Chemistry, 4th edn., Pitman, London, ISBN 13: 9780136659686, 1962.
Schibig, M. F., Kitzis, D., and Tans, P. P.: Experiments with CO2-in-air reference gases in high-pressure aluminum cylinders, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 5565–5586, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-5565-2018, 2018.
Tohjima, Y., Machida, T., Mukai, H., Maruyama, M., Nishino, T., Akama, I.,
Amari, T., and Watai, T.: Preparation of Gravimetric CO2 Standards by
One-Step Dilution Method, in: 13th IAEA/WMO Meeting of CO2 Experts, edited by: Miller, J. B., Boulder, WMO-GAW Report 168, 26–32, https://library.wmo.int/doc_num.php?explnum_id=9343 (last access: 13 October 2022), 2006.
Tsuboi, K., Nakazawa, T., Matsueda, H., Machida, T., Aoki, S., Morimoto, S.,
Goto, D., Shimosaka, T., Kato, K., Aoki, N., Watanabe, T., Mukai, H.,
Tohjima, Y., Katsumata, K., Murayama, S., Ishidoya, S., Fujitani, T., Koide,
H., Takahashi, M., Kawasaki, T., Takizawa, A., and Sawa, Y.: Inter
comparison experiments for greenhouse gases observation (iceGGO) in
2012–2016, Technical Reports of the Meteorological Research Institute No. 79, https://doi.org/10.11483/mritechrepo.79, 2017.
WMO: 20th WMO/IAEA Meeting on Carbon Dioxide, Other Greenhouse Gases and
Related Tracers Measurement Techniques (GGMT-2019), GAW Report No. 255, https://library.wmo.int/doc_num.php?explnum_id=10353 (last access: 13 October 2022), 2020.
Short summary
The CO2 concentration in a cylinder is affected by carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption to a cylinder’s internal surface and fractionation of CO2 and air in the preparation of standard mixtures. We demonstrate that the effects make the CO2 molar fractions deviate in standard mixtures prepared by diluting pure CO2 with air three times. This means that CO2 standard gases are difficult to gravimetrically prepare through multistep dilution.
The CO2 concentration in a cylinder is affected by carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption to a...