Articles | Volume 18, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-2373-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-2373-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
04 Jun 2025
Research article |
| 04 Jun 2025
| 04 Jun 2025
CIAO main upgrade: building up an ACTRIS-compliant aerosol in situ laboratory
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Alessandro Mauceri
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Francesco Cardellicchio
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Emilio Lapenna
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Benedetto De Rosa
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Serena Trippetta
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Michail Mytilinaios
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Davide Amodio
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Aldo Giunta
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Ermann Ripepi
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Canio Colangelo
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Nikolaos Papagiannopoulos
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Francesca Morrongiello
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Claudio Dema
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Simone Gagliardi
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Carmela Cornacchia
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Rosa Maria Petracca Altieri
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Aldo Amodeo
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Marco Rosoldi
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Donato Summa
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Gelsomina Pappalardo
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Lucia Mona
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche – Istituto di Metodologie per l'Analisi Ambientale CNR-IMAA, C. da S. Loja, Tito Scalo, Potenza, 85050, Italy
Related authors
No articles found.
Patrick Chazette, Andreas Behrendt, Adolfo Comerón, Paolo Di Girolamo, Marco Di Paolantonio, Davide Dionisi, Cyrille Flamant, José Luis Gómez-Amo, Jérémy Lagarrigue, Frédéric Laly, Diego Lange, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Michaël Sicard, Donato Summa, Julien Totems, María Pilar Utrillas, Pedro C. Valdelomar, and Volker Wulfmeyer
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-111, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-111, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (AMT).
Short summary
Short summary
Between October 2022 and January 2023, the Water Vapour Lidar Network Assimilation (WaLiNeAs) campaign was conducted on the western Mediterranean coast by four European countries. To improve the forecasting of heavy precipitation events, eight ground-based stations equipped with water vapour Raman lidars were strategically deployed. This temporary network offered a valuable chance to verify the consistency of the water vapour products of the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI).
Fabrizio Marra, Emanuele Tramutola, Marco Rosoldi, and Fabio Madonna
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2882, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2882, 2024
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
This article investigates the impact of sampling frequency on ozone partial pressure trends. By analyzing ozonesounding profiles obtained from three different networks within a unified database, the effects at different latitudes and vertical layers in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere are evaluated. This is significant because the unified database improves both spatial and temporal coverage, allowing for deeper analysis of ozone anomalies and global trends than individual datasets.
Fabio Madonna, Benedetto De Rosa, Simone Gagliardi, Ilaria Gandolfi, Yassmina Hesham Essa, Domenico Madonna, Fabrizio Marra, Maria Assunta Menniti, Donato Summa, Emanuele Tramutola, Faezeh Karimian Saracks, Filomena Romano, and Marco Rosoldi
Earth Syst. Dynam. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-2024-32, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-2024-32, 2024
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Extreme weather events in the Mediterranean have intensified, and understanding their causes is key to improving forecasts. This study used data from the MESSA-DIN measurement campaign in Soverato, Italy (July–September 2021) to analyze the water vapor fluxes effect in extreme weather events as well as the related ERA5 performances. This study highlights a bias in ERA5 reanalysis humidity and the importance of high-resolution data for improving weather predictions.
Michail Mytilinaios, Sara Basart, Sergio Ciamprone, Juan Cuesta, Claudio Dema, Enza Di Tomaso, Paola Formenti, Antonis Gkikas, Oriol Jorba, Ralph Kahn, Carlos Pérez García-Pando, Serena Trippetta, and Lucia Mona
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5487–5516, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5487-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5487-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Multiscale Online Non-hydrostatic AtmospheRe CHemistry model (MONARCH) dust reanalysis provides a high-resolution 3D reconstruction of past dust conditions, allowing better quantification of climate and socioeconomic dust impacts. We assess the performance of the reanalysis needed to reproduce dust optical depth using dust-related products retrieved from satellite and ground-based observations and show that it reproduces the spatial distribution and seasonal variability of atmospheric dust well.
Konstantinos Michailidis, Maria-Elissavet Koukouli, Dimitris Balis, J. Pepijn Veefkind, Martin de Graaf, Lucia Mona, Nikolaos Papagianopoulos, Gesolmina Pappalardo, Ioanna Tsikoudi, Vassilis Amiridis, Eleni Marinou, Anna Gialitaki, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Argyro Nisantzi, Daniele Bortoli, Maria João Costa, Vanda Salgueiro, Alexandros Papayannis, Maria Mylonaki, Lucas Alados-Arboledas, Salvatore Romano, Maria Rita Perrone, and Holger Baars
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 1919–1940, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1919-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-1919-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Comparisons with ground-based correlative lidar measurements constitute a key component in the validation of satellite aerosol products. This paper presents the validation of the TROPOMI aerosol layer height (ALH) product, using archived quality assured ground-based data from lidar stations that belong to the EARLINET network. Comparisons between the TROPOMI ALH and co-located EARLINET measurements show good agreement over the ocean.
Simone Kotthaus, Juan Antonio Bravo-Aranda, Martine Collaud Coen, Juan Luis Guerrero-Rascado, Maria João Costa, Domenico Cimini, Ewan J. O'Connor, Maxime Hervo, Lucas Alados-Arboledas, María Jiménez-Portaz, Lucia Mona, Dominique Ruffieux, Anthony Illingworth, and Martial Haeffelin
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 433–479, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-433-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-433-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Profile observations of the atmospheric boundary layer now allow for layer heights and characteristics to be derived at high temporal and vertical resolution. With novel high-density ground-based remote-sensing measurement networks emerging, horizontal information content is also increasing. This review summarises the capabilities and limitations of various sensors and retrieval algorithms which need to be considered during the harmonisation of data products for high-impact applications.
Donato Summa, Fabio Madonna, Noemi Franco, Benedetto De Rosa, and Paolo Di Girolamo
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 4153–4170, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4153-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4153-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The evolution of the atmospheric boundary layer height (ABLH) has an important impact on meteorology. However, the complexity of the phenomena occurring within the ABL and the influence of advection and local accumulation processes often prevent an unambiguous determination of the ABLH. The paper reports results from an inter-comparison effort involving different sensors and techniques to measure the ABLH. Correlations between the ABLH and other atmospheric variables are also assessed.
Enza Di Tomaso, Jerónimo Escribano, Sara Basart, Paul Ginoux, Francesca Macchia, Francesca Barnaba, Francesco Benincasa, Pierre-Antoine Bretonnière, Arnau Buñuel, Miguel Castrillo, Emilio Cuevas, Paola Formenti, María Gonçalves, Oriol Jorba, Martina Klose, Lucia Mona, Gilbert Montané Pinto, Michail Mytilinaios, Vincenzo Obiso, Miriam Olid, Nick Schutgens, Athanasios Votsis, Ernest Werner, and Carlos Pérez García-Pando
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 2785–2816, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2785-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-2785-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
MONARCH reanalysis of desert dust aerosols extends the existing observation-based information for mineral dust monitoring by providing 3-hourly upper-air, surface and total column key geophysical variables of the dust cycle over Northern Africa, the Middle East and Europe, at a 0.1° horizontal resolution in a rotated grid, from 2007 to 2016. This work provides evidence of the high accuracy of this data set and its suitability for air quality and health and climate service applications.
Alexandru Mereuţă, Nicolae Ajtai, Andrei T. Radovici, Nikolaos Papagiannopoulos, Lucia T. Deaconu, Camelia S. Botezan, Horaţiu I. Ştefănie, Doina Nicolae, and Alexandru Ozunu
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5071–5098, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5071-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5071-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we analysed oil smoke plumes from 30 major industrial events within a 12-year timeframe. To our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind that uses a synergetic approach based on satellite remote sensing techniques. Satellite data offer access to these events, which are mainly located in war-prone or hazardous areas. Our study highlights the need for improved aerosol models and algorithms for these types of aerosols with implications on air quality and climate change.
Matthieu Plu, Guillaume Bigeard, Bojan Sič, Emanuele Emili, Luca Bugliaro, Laaziz El Amraoui, Jonathan Guth, Beatrice Josse, Lucia Mona, and Dennis Piontek
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 3731–3747, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3731-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3731-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Volcanic eruptions that spread out ash over large areas, like Eyjafjallajökull in 2010, may have huge economic consequences due to flight cancellations. In this article, we demonstrate the benefits of source term improvement and of data assimilation for quantifying volcanic ash concentrations. The work, which was supported by the EUNADICS-AV project, is the first one, to our knowledge, that demonstrates the benefit of the assimilation of ground-based lidar data over Europe during an eruption.
Hugues Brenot, Nicolas Theys, Lieven Clarisse, Jeroen van Gent, Daniel R. Hurtmans, Sophie Vandenbussche, Nikolaos Papagiannopoulos, Lucia Mona, Timo Virtanen, Andreas Uppstu, Mikhail Sofiev, Luca Bugliaro, Margarita Vázquez-Navarro, Pascal Hedelt, Michelle Maree Parks, Sara Barsotti, Mauro Coltelli, William Moreland, Simona Scollo, Giuseppe Salerno, Delia Arnold-Arias, Marcus Hirtl, Tuomas Peltonen, Juhani Lahtinen, Klaus Sievers, Florian Lipok, Rolf Rüfenacht, Alexander Haefele, Maxime Hervo, Saskia Wagenaar, Wim Som de Cerff, Jos de Laat, Arnoud Apituley, Piet Stammes, Quentin Laffineur, Andy Delcloo, Robertson Lennart, Carl-Herbert Rokitansky, Arturo Vargas, Markus Kerschbaum, Christian Resch, Raimund Zopp, Matthieu Plu, Vincent-Henri Peuch, Michel Van Roozendael, and Gerhard Wotawa
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 3367–3405, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3367-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-3367-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The purpose of the EUNADICS-AV (European Natural Airborne Disaster Information and Coordination System for Aviation) prototype early warning system (EWS) is to develop the combined use of harmonised data products from satellite, ground-based and in situ instruments to produce alerts of airborne hazards (volcanic, dust, smoke and radionuclide clouds), satisfying the requirement of aviation air traffic management (ATM) stakeholders (https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/723986).
Marco Rosoldi, Graziano Coppa, Andrea Merlone, Chiara Musacchio, and Fabio Madonna
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2021-337, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2021-337, 2021
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
A methodology based on tests in climatic chambers was proposed to evaluate the effect of radiosonde models’ change on radiosounding stations’ data series, in terms of measurements accuracy and homogeneity. For Vaisala radiosonde models RS92 and RS41, the noise, the calibration accuracy and the bias of their temperature sensors were quantified independently of the manufacturer. The potential effects of steep thermal changes during radiosondes’ pre-launch phase were also investigated.
Mariana Adam, Iwona S. Stachlewska, Lucia Mona, Nikolaos Papagiannopoulos, Juan Antonio Bravo-Aranda, Michaël Sicard, Doina N. Nicolae, Livio Belegante, Lucja Janicka, Dominika Szczepanik, Maria Mylonaki, Christina-Anna Papanikolaou, Nikolaos Siomos, Kalliopi Artemis Voudouri, Luca Alados-Arboledas, Arnoud Apituley, Ina Mattis, Anatoli Chaikovsky, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Aleksander Pietruczuk, Daniele Bortoli, Holger Baars, Ivan Grigorov, and Zahary Peshev
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-759, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2021-759, 2021
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Results over 10 years of biomass burning events measured by EARLINET are analysed by means of the intensive parameters, based on the methodology described in Part I. Smoke type is characterized for each of the four geographical regions based on continental smoke origin. Relationships between intensive parameters or colour ratios are shown. The smoke is labelled in average as aged smoke.
Maxi Boettcher, Andreas Schäfler, Michael Sprenger, Harald Sodemann, Stefan Kaufmann, Christiane Voigt, Hans Schlager, Donato Summa, Paolo Di Girolamo, Daniele Nerini, Urs Germann, and Heini Wernli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 5477–5498, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5477-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-5477-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Warm conveyor belts (WCBs) are important airstreams in extratropical cyclones, often leading to the formation of intense precipitation. We present a case study that involves aircraft, lidar and radar observations of water and clouds in a WCB ascending from western Europe across the Alps towards the Baltic Sea during the field campaigns HyMeX and T-NAWDEX-Falcon in October 2012. A probabilistic trajectory measure and an airborne tracer experiment were used to confirm the long pathway of the WCB.
Gemine Vivone, Giuseppe D'Amico, Donato Summa, Simone Lolli, Aldo Amodeo, Daniele Bortoli, and Gelsomina Pappalardo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 4249–4265, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4249-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4249-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a methodology to retrieve the atmospheric boundary layer height from elastic and multi-wavelength lidar observations that uses a new approach based on morphological image processing techniques. The intercomparison with other state-of-the-art algorithms shows on average 30 % improved performance. The algorithm also shows excellent performance with respect to the running time, i.e., just few seconds to execute the whole signal processing chain over 72 h of continuous measurements.
Cited articles
ACTRIS: Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure, https://www.actris.eu, last access: 13 December 2023.
ACTRIS Data Centre: EARLINET Lidar Data Access via REST API, https://data.earlinet.org/api/swagger-ui/#, last access: 20 December 2023.
ATMO-ACCESS: Second Call for Access, https://www.atmo-access.eu/second-call-for-access/, last access: 2 December 2023.
Allen, A. G., Nemitz, E., Shi J. P., Harrison R. M., and Greenwood, J. C.: Size distribution of trace metals in atmospheric aerosols in the United Kingdom, Atmos. Environ., 35, 4581–4591, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(01)00190-X, 2001.
Aydin, F., Aydin, I., Erdoğan, S., Akba, O., Isik, B., and Hamamci, C.: Chemical Characteristics of Settled Particles during a Dust-Storm, Pol. J. Environ. Stud., 21, 533–537, 2012.
Atabakhsh, S., Poulain, L., Chen, G., Canonaco, F., Prévôt, A. S. H., Pöhlker, M., Wiedensohler, A., and Herrmann, H.: A 1-year aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) source analysis of organic aerosol particle contributions from anthropogenic sources after long-range transport at the TROPOS research station Melpitz, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6963–6988, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6963-2023, 2023.
Baars, H., Ansmann, A., Ohneiser, K., Haarig, M., Engelmann, R., Althausen, D., Hanssen, I., Gausa, M., Pietruczuk, A., Szkop, A., Stachlewska, I. S., Wang, D., Reichardt, J., Skupin, A., Mattis, I., Trickl, T., Vogelmann, H., Navas-Guzmán, F., Haefele, A., Acheson, K., Ruth, A. A., Tatarov, B., Müller, D., Hu, Q., Podvin, T., Goloub, P., Veselovskii, I., Pietras, C., Haeffelin, M., Fréville, P., Sicard, M., Comerón, A., Fernández García, A. J., Molero Menéndez, F., Córdoba-Jabonero, C., Guerrero-Rascado, J. L., Alados-Arboledas, L., Bortoli, D., Costa, M. J., Dionisi, D., Liberti, G. L., Wang, X., Sannino, A., Papagiannopoulos, N., Boselli, A., Mona, L., D'Amico, G., Romano, S., Perrone, M. R., Belegante, L., Nicolae, D., Grigorov, I., Gialitaki, A., Amiridis, V., Soupiona, O., Papayannis, A., Mamouri, R.-E., Nisantzi, A., Heese, B., Hofer, J., Schechner, Y. Y., Wandinger, U., and Pappalardo, G.: The unprecedented 2017–2018 stratospheric smoke event: decay phase and aerosol properties observed with the EARLINET, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 15183–15198, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-15183-2019, 2019.
Baltensperger, U., Weingarter, E., Burtscher, H., and Keskinen, J.: Dynamic mass and surface area measurements, in: Aerosol Measurement, edited by: Baron, P.-A., and Willeke, K., Jon Wiley and Sons, New York, 387–418, ISBN 978-0-471-35636-3, 2001.
Binietoglou, I., Basart, S., Alados-Arboledas, L., Amiridis, V., Argyrouli, A., Baars, H., Baldasano, J. M., Balis, D., Belegante, L., Bravo-Aranda, J. A., Burlizzi, P., Carrasco, V., Chaikovsky, A., Comerón, A., D'Amico, G., Filioglou, M., Granados-Muñoz, M. J., Guerrero-Rascado, J. L., Ilic, L., Kokkalis, P., Maurizi, A., Mona, L., Monti, F., Muñoz-Porcar, C., Nicolae, D., Papayannis, A., Pappalardo, G., Pejanovic, G., Pereira, S. N., Perrone, M. R., Pietruczuk, A., Posyniak, M., Rocadenbosch, F., Rodríguez-Gómez, A., Sicard, M., Siomos, N., Szkop, A., Terradellas, E., Tsekeri, A., Vukovic, A., Wandinger, U., and Wagner, J.: A methodology for investigating dust model performance using synergistic EARLINET/AERONET dust concentration retrievals, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 3577–3600, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-3577-2015, 2015.
Boselli, A., Caggiano, R., Cornacchia, C., Madonna, F., Macchiato, M., Mona, L., Pappalardo, G., and Trippetta, S.: Multi year sun-photometer measurements for aerosol characterization in a Central Mediterranean site, Atmos. Res., 104, 98–110, https://https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2011.08.002, 2012.
Bressi, M., Cavalli, F., Putaud, J. P., Fröhlich, R., Petit, J. E., Aas, W., Äijälä,, M., Alastuey, A., Allan, J. D., Aurela, M., Beric, M., Bougiatioti, A., Bukowiecki, N., Canonaco, F., Crenn, V., Dusanter, S., Ehn, M., Elsasser, M. and Prevot, A. S. H.: A European aerosol phenomenology – 7: High-time resolution chemical characteristics of submicron particulate matter across Europe, Atmos. Environ., 10, 100108 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2021.100108, 2021.
Cavalli, F., Viana, M., Yttri, K. E., Genberg, J., and Putaud, J.-P.: Toward a standardised thermal-optical protocol for measuring atmospheric organic and elemental carbon: the EUSAAR protocol, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 3, 79–89, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-3-79-2010, 2010.
Cazorla, A., Bahadur, R., Suski, K. J., Cahill, J. F., Chand, D., Schmid, B., Ramanathan, V., and Prather, K. A.: Relating aerosol absorption due to soot, organic carbon, and dust to emission sources determined from in-situ chemical measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 9337–9350, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-9337-2013, 2013.
Chen, L.-W. A., Watson, J. G., Chow, J. C., Green, M. C., Inouye, D., and Dick, K.: Wintertime particulate pollution episodes in an urban valley of the Western US: a case study, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 10051–10064, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-10051-2012, 2012.
CIAO: CNR-IMAA Atmospheric Observatory, https://ciao.imaa.cnr.it, last access: 4 December 2023.
CIAO publications: https://ciao.imaa.cnr.it/publications/, last access: 10 December 2023.
Cubison, M. J., Ortega, A. M., Hayes, P. L., Farmer, D. K., Day, D., Lechner, M. J., Brune, W. H., Apel, E., Diskin, G. S., Fisher, J. A., Fuelberg, H. E., Hecobian, A., Knapp, D. J., Mikoviny, T., Riemer, D., Sachse, G. W., Sessions, W., Weber, R. J., Weinheimer, A. J., Wisthaler, A., and Jimenez, J. L.: Effects of aging on organic aerosol from open biomass burning smoke in aircraft and laboratory studies, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 12049–12064, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-12049-2011, 2011.
Deliverable 5.1: ACTRIS NF Labelling Plan, https://www.actris.eu/sites/default/files/Documents/ACTRIS IMP/Deliverables/ACTRIS IMP_WP5_D5.1_ACTRIS NF Labelling Plan.pdf, last access: 24 November 2024.
De Rosa, B., Amato, F., Amodeo, A., D'Amico, G., Dema, C., Falconieri, A., Giunta, A., Gumà-Claramunt, P., Kampouri, A., Solomos, S., Mytilinaios, M., Papagiannopoulos, N., Summa, D., Veselovskii, I., and Mona, L.: Characterization of Extremely Fresh Biomass Burning Aerosol by Means of Lidar Observations, Remote Sens., 14, 4984, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14194984, 2022.
Drinovec, L., Močnik, G., Zotter, P., Prévôt, A. S. H., Ruckstuhl, C., Coz, E., Rupakheti, M., Sciare, J., Müller, T., Wiedensohler, A., and Hansen, A. D. A.: The ”dual-spot” Aethalometer: an improved measurement of aerosol black carbon with real-time loading compensation, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 1965–1979, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-1965-2015, 2015.
Dušan, J., Ďurčanská, D., and Bujdos, M.: The contribution of road traffic to particulate matter and metals in air pollution in the vicinity of an urban road, Transport and Environment, 50, 397–408, https://https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2016.11.024, 2017
Esteve, A. R., Estelleìs, V., Utrillas, M. P., and Martiìnez-Lozano, J. A.: In-situ integrating nephelometer measurements of the scattering properties of atmospheric aerosols at an urban coastal site in western Mediterranean, Atmos. Environ., 47, 43–50, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.11.043, 2012.
Fernandez, A. J., Sicard, M., Costa, M. J., Guerrero-Rascado, J. L., Gómez-Amo, J. L., Molero, F., Barragán, R., Basart, S., Bortoli, D., Bedoya-Velásquez, A. E., Utrillas, M. P., Salvador, P., Granados-Muñoz, M. J., Potes, M., Ortiz-Amezcua, P., Martínez-Lozano, J. A., Artíñano, B., Muñoz-Porcar, C., Salgado, R., Román, R., Rocadenbosch, F., Salgueiro, V., Benavent-Oltra, J. A., Rodríguez-Gómez, A., Alados-Arboledas, L., Comerón, A., and Pujadas, M.: Extreme, wintertime Saharan dust intrusion in the Iberian Peninsula: lidar monitoring and evaluation of dust forecast models during the February 2017 event, Atmos. Res., 228, 223–241, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.06.007, 2019.
Freudenthaler, V., Esselborn, M., Wiegner, M., Heese, B., Tesche, M., Ansmann, A., Müller, D., Althausen, D., Wirth, M., Fix, A., Ehret, G., Knippertz, P., Toledano, C., Gasteiger, J., Garhammer, M., and Seefeldner, M.: Depolarization ratio profiling at several wavelengths in pure Saharan dust during SAMUM 2006, Tellus B., 61, 165–179, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2008.00396.x, 2009.
Fröhlich, R., Cubison, M. J., Slowik, J. G., Bukowiecki, N., Prévôt, A. S. H., Baltensperger, U., Schneider, J., Kimmel, J. R., Gonin, M., Rohner, U., Worsnop, D. R., and Jayne, J. T.: The ToF-ACSM: a portable aerosol chemical speciation monitor with TOFMS detection, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 6, 3225–3241, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-3225-2013, 2013.
Gonçalves, C., Alves, C., Evtyugina, M., Mirante, F., Pio, C., Caseiro, A., Schmidl, C., Bauer, H., and Carvalho, F.: Characterisation of PM10 emissions from wood-stove combustion of common woods grown in Portugal, Atmos. Environ., 44, 4474–4480, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.07.026, 2010.
Ilić, L., Jovanović, A., Kuzmanoski, M., Lazić, L., Madonna, F., Rosoldi, M., Mytilinaios, M., Marinou, E., and Ničković, S.: Mineralogy sensitive immersion freezing parameterization in DREAM, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 127, e2021JD035093, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD035093, 2022.
IPCC: Aerosols and their impact on climate and human health. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Cambridge University Press, https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157896, 2021.
Kim, H. K., Choi, Y., and Ghim, Y. S.: Characterization of volatilization of filter-sampled PM2.5 semi-volatile inorganic ions using a backup filter and denuders, Aerosol Air Qual. Res., 15, 814–820, https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2014.09.0213, 2015.
Laj, P., Myhre, C. L., Riffault, V., Amiridis, V., Fuchs, H., Eleftheriadis, K., Petäjä, T., Salameh, T., Kivekäs, N., Juurola, E., Saponaro, G., Philippin, S., Cornacchia, C., Arboledas L. A., Baars, H., Claude, A., De Maziére, M., Dils, B., Dufresne, M., Enamgeliou, N., Favez. O., Fiebig, M., Haeffelin, M., Hermann, H., Höhler, K., Illmann, N., Kreuter, A., Ludewig, E., Marinou, E., Möhler, O., Mona, L., Murberg, L. E., Vicolae, D., Novelli, A., O'Connor, E., Ohneiser, K., Petracca Altieri, R. M. Picquet-Varrault, B., Van Pinxteren, D., Pospichal, B., Putaud, J-P., Reimann, S., Siomos, N., Stachlewska, I., Tillmann, R., Voudori, K. A., Wandinger, U., Wiedensohler, A., Apituley, A., Comerón, A., Gysel-Beer, M., Mihalopoulos N., Nikolova. N., Pietruczuk, A., Sauvage, S., Sciare, J., Skov, H., Svendby, T., Swietlicki, E., Tonev, D., Vaughan, G., Zdimal, V., Baltensperger, U., Doussin, J.-F., Kulmala, M., Pappalardo, G., Sundet, S. S., and Vana, M.: Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Infrastructure (ACTRIS); The European Research Infrastructure Supporting Atmospheric Science, B. Am. Meteor. Soc., 105, E1098–E1136, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-23-0064.1, 2024.
Laurita, T., Mona, L., De Rosa, B., Mytilinaios, M., Cardellicchio, F., Trippetta, S., Ripepi, E., and Volini, M.: CIAO main upgrade: building up an ACTRIS-compliant aerosol in situ laboratory, Version 1, National Research Council – Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis [data set], https://doi.org/10.71763/2KZ1-X145, 2025.
Levin, Z., Ganor, E., and Gladstein, V.: The effects of desert particles coated with sulphate on rain formation in the Eastern Mediterranean, J. Appl. Meteorol., 35, 1511–1523, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0450(1996)035<1511:TEODPC>2.0.CO;2, 1996.
Levin, Z., Teller, A., Ganor, E. and Yin, Y.: On the interactions of mineral dust, sea-salt particles, and clouds: a measurement and modeling study from the Mediterranean Israeli Dust Experiment campaign, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D20202, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD005810, 2005.
Lopatin, A., Dubovik, O., Chaikovsky, A., Goloub, P., Lapyonok, T., Tanré, D., and Litvinov, P.: Enhancement of aerosol characterization using synergy of lidar and sun-photometer coincident observations: the GARRLiC algorithm, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 6, 2065–2088, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-2065-2013, 2013.
Madonna, F., Amodeo, A., Cornacchia, C., D'Amico, G., Mona, L., Pandolfi, M., Pappalardo, G., and Cuomo, V.: Multichannel microwave radiometer and water vapour Raman lidar: comparisons and synergies, AITinforma – Rivista Italiana di telerilevamento, 35, 115–130, 2006.
Madonna, F., Amodeo, A., D'Amico, G., Mona, L., and Pappalardo, G.: Observation of non-spherical ultragiant aerosol using a microwave radar, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L21814, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL044999, 2010.
Madonna, F., Amodeo, A., Boselli, A., Cornacchia, C., Cuomo, V., D'Amico, G., Giunta, A., Mona, L., and Pappalardo, G.: CIAO: the CNR-IMAA advanced observatory for atmospheric research, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 4, 1191–1208, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-4-1191-2011, 2011.
Madonna, F., Amato, F., Vande Hey, J., and Pappalardo, G.: Ceilometer aerosol profiling versus Raman lidar in the frame of the INTERACT campaign of ACTRIS, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 2207–2223, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-2207-2015, 2015.
Mahowald, N., Albani, S., Kok, J. F., Engelstaeder, S., Scanza, R., Ward, D. S., and Flanner, M. G.: The size distribution of desert dust aerosols and its impact on the Earth system, Aeolian Res., 15, 53–71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeolia.2013.09.002, 2014.
Mărmureanu, L., Marin, C. A., Andrei, S., Antonescu, B., Ene, D., Boldeanu, M., Vasilescu, J., Viţelaru, C., Cadar, O., and Levei, E.: Orange Snow–A Saharan Dust Intrusion over Romania During Winter Conditions, Remote Sens., 11, 2466, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11212466, 2019
Matthias, V., Balis, D., Bosenberg, J., Eixmann, R., Iarlori, M., Komguem, L., Mattis, I., Papayannis, A., Pappalardo, G., Perrone, M. R., and Wang, X.: Vertical aerosol distribution over Europe: Statistical analysis of Raman lidar data from 10 European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) stations, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 109, D18201, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD004638, 2004.
Middlebrook, A. M., Bahreini, R., Jimenez, J. L., and Canagaratna, M. R.: Evaluation of composition-dependent collection efficiencies for the Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer using field data, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 46, 258–271, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2011.620041, 2012.
Molero, F., Pujadas, M., and Artinano, B.: Study of the Effect of Aerosol Vertical Profile on Microphysical Properties Using GRASP Code with Sun/Sky Photometer and Multiwavelength Lidar Measurements, Remote Sens., 12, 4072–4089, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12244072, 2020.
Mona, L., Amodeo, A., Pandolfi, M., and Pappalardo, G.: Saharan dust intrusions in the Mediterranean area: three years of Raman lidar measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D16203, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006569, 2006.
Mona, L., Cornacchia, C., D'Amico, G., Di Girolamo, P., Pappalardo, G., Pisani, G., Summa, D., Wang, X., and Cuomo, V.: Characterization of the variability of the humidity and cloud fields as observed from a cluster of ground-based lidar systems, Q. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 133, 257–271, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.160, 2007.
Mona, L., Pappalardo, G., Amodeo, A., D'Amico, G., Madonna, F., Boselli, A., Giunta, A., Russo, F., and Cuomo, V.: One year of CNR-IMAA multi-wavelength Raman lidar measurements in coincidence with CALIPSO overpasses: Level 1 products comparison, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 7213–7228, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-7213-2009, 2009.
Mona, L., Amodeo, A., D'Amico, G., Giunta, A., Madonna, F., and Pappalardo, G.: Multi-wavelength Raman lidar observations of the Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud over Potenza, southern Italy, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 2229–2244, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-2229-2012, 2012.
Mona, L., Papagiannopoulos, N., Basart, S., Baldasano, J., Binietoglou, I., Cornacchia, C., and Pappalardo, G.: EARLINET dust observations vs. BSC-DREAM8b modeled profiles: 12-year-long systematic comparison at Potenza, Italy, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 8781–8793, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-8781-2014, 2014.
Mona, L., Amiridis, V., Cuevas, E., Gkikas, A., Trippetta, S., Vendenbussche, S., Benedetti, a., Dagsson-Waldhauserova, P., Formenti, P., Haefele, A., Kazadzis, S., Knippertz, P., Laurent, B., Madonna, F., Nickovic, S., Papagiannopoulos, N., Pappalardo, G., García-Pando, C. P., Popp, T., Rodríguez, S., Sealy, A., Sugimoto, N., Terradellas, E., Vimic, A. V., Weinzieri, B., and Basart, S.: Observing Mineral Dust in Northern Africa, the Middle East, and Europe: Current Capabilities and Challenges ahead for the Development of Dust Services, B. Am. Meteor. Soc., 104, E2223–E2264, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-23-0005.1, 2023.
Mona, L., D'Amico, G., Ciamprone, S., Ripepi, E., Amato, F., and Dema, C., Gumà-Claramunt, P.: ACTRIS/EARLINET Level 3 2000–2019 Climatological Dataset Collection, ACTRIS ARES Data Centre, Version 1, National Research Council– Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis [data set], https://doi.org/10.57837/cnr-imaa/ares/actrisearlinet/level3/climatological/2000_2019/pot, 2024.
Monteiro, A., Basart, S., Kazadzis, S., Votsis, A., Gkikas, A., Vandenbussche, S., Tobias, A., Gama, C., García-Pando, C. P., Terradellas, E., Notas, G., Middleton, N., Kushta, J., Amiridis, V., Lagouvardos, K., Kosmopoulos, P., Kotroni, V., Kanakidou, M., Mihalopoulos, N., Kalivitis, N., Dagsson-Waldhauserová, P., El-Askary, H., Sievers, K., Giannaros, T., Mona, L., Hirtl, M., Skomorowski, P., Virtanen, T.H., Christoudias, T., Di Mauro, B., Trippetta, S., Kutuzov, S., Meinander, O., and Nickovic, S.: Multi-sectoral impact assessment of an extreme African dust episode in the Eastern Mediterranean in March 2018, Sci. Total Environ., 843, 156861, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156861, 2022.
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center: AERONET-AErosol RObotic NETwork, NASA/GSFC, https://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov, last access: 15 November 2024.
Ng, N. L., Herndon, S. C., Trimborn, A., Canagaratna, M. R., Croteau, P. L., Onasch, T. B., Sueper, D., Worsnop, D. R., Zhang, Q., Sun, Y. L., and Jayne, J. T.: An aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) for routine monitoring of the composition and mass concentrations of ambient aerosol, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 45, 780–794, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2011.560211, 2011.
Nicolae, D., Talianu, C., Vasilescu, J., Belegante, L., and Radu, C. M.: Characterization of fresh and aged biomass burning events using multiwavelength Raman lidar and mass spectrometry, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118, 2956–2965, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50324, 2013.
Nicolae, D., Vasilescu, J., Talianu, C., Binietoglou, I., Nicolae, V., Andrei, S., and Antonescu, B.: A neural network aerosol-typing algorithm based on lidar data, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 14511–14537, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-14511-2018, 2018.
Ohneiser, K., Ansmann, A., Chudnovsky, A., Engelmann, R., Ritter, C., Veselovskii, I., Baars, H., Gebauer, H., Griesche, H., Radenz, M., Hofer, J., Althausen, D., Dahlke, S., and Maturilli, M.: The unexpected smoke layer in the High Arctic winter stratosphere during MOSAiC 2019–2020 , Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 15783–15808, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15783-2021, 2021.
Pacifico, L. R., Pizzolante, A., Guarino, A., Iannone, A., Esposito, M., and Albanese, S.: Wildfire as a Source of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTSe) in Soil: A Case Study from Campania Region (Italy), Int. J. Environ. Res. Pub. He., 20, 4513, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054513, 2023.
Pakkanen, T. A., Loukkola, K., Korhonen, C. H., Aurela, M., Makela, T., Hillamo, R. E., Aarnio, P., Koskentalo, T., Kousa, A., and Maenhaut, W.: Sources and chemical composition of atmospheric fine and coarse particles in the Helsinki area, Atmos. Environ., 35, 5381–5391, http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-138499, 2001.
Papagiannopoulos, N., Mona, L., Amodeo, A., D'Amico, G., Gumà Claramunt, P., Pappalardo, G., Alados-Arboledas, L., Guerrero-Rascado, J. L., Amiridis, V., Kokkalis, P., Apituley, A., Baars, H., Schwarz, A., Wandinger, U., Binietoglou, I., Nicolae, D., Bortoli, D., Comerón, A., Rodríguez-Gómez, A., Sicard, M., Papayannis, A., and Wiegner, M.: An automatic observation-based aerosol typing method for EARLINET, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 15879–15901, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15879-2018, 2018.
Pappalardo, G., Amodeo, A., Mona, L., Pandolfi, M., Pergola, N., and Cuomo, V.: Raman lidar observations of aerosol emitted during the 2002 Etna eruption, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L05120, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL019073, 2004a.
Pappalardo, G., Amodeo, A., Pandolfi, M., Wandinger, U., Ansmann, A., Bosenberg, J., Matthias, V., Amiridis, V., de Tomasi, F., Frioud, M., Iarlori, M., Komguem, L., Papayannis, A., Rocadenbosch, F., and Wang, X.: Aerosol lidar intercomparison in the framework of EARLINET, Part III. Raman lidar algorithm for aerosol extinction, backscatter and lidar ratio, Appl. Opt., 43, 5370–5385, https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.43.000977, 2004b.
Pappalardo, G., Mona, L., D'Amico, G., Wandinger, U., Adam, M., Amodeo, A., Ansmann, A., Apituley, A., Alados Arboledas, L., Balis, D., Boselli, A., Bravo-Aranda, J. A., Chaikovsky, A., Comeron, A., Cuesta, J., De Tomasi, F., Freudenthaler, V., Gausa, M., Giannakaki, E., Giehl, H., Giunta, A., Grigorov, I., Groß, S., Haeffelin, M., Hiebsch, A., Iarlori, M., Lange, D., Linné, H., Madonna, F., Mattis, I., Mamouri, R.-E., McAuliffe, M. A. P., Mitev, V., Molero, F., Navas-Guzman, F., Nicolae, D., Papayannis, A., Perrone, M. R., Pietras, C., Pietruczuk, A., Pisani, G., Preißler, J., Pujadas, M., Rizi, V., Ruth, A. A., Schmidt, J., Schnell, F., Seifert, P., Serikov, I., Sicard, M., Simeonov, V., Spinelli, N., Stebel, K., Tesche, M., Trickl, T., Wang, X., Wagner, F., Wiegner, M., and Wilson, K. M.: Four-dimensional distribution of the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull volcanic cloud over Europe observed by EARLINET, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 4429–4450, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4429-2013, 2013.
PER-ACTRIS-IT Project: https://www.imaa.cnr.it/en/projects/38-attivita/progetti/713-per-actris-it, last access: 6 December 2023.
Perma Pure: MD-700 User Manual, https://www.permapure.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/MD-700-User-Manual.pdf, last access: 10 December 2023.
Perma Pure: Monotube Dryer 700 (MD-700), https://www.permapure.com/environmental-scientific/products/humidity-control-particle-aerosol-analysis/md-700-series-dryer-for-aerosol-analysis/, last access: 16 November 2024.
Peters, T. M. and Leith, D.: Concentration measurement and counting efficiency of the aerodynamic particle sizer 3321, J. Aerosol Sci., 34, 627–634, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-8502(03)00030-2, 2003.
Petzold, A., Ogren, J. A., Fiebig, M., Laj, P., Li, S.-M., Baltensperger, U., Holzer-Popp, T., Kinne, S., Pappalardo, G., Sugimoto, N., Wehrli, C., Wiedensohler, A., and Zhang, X.-Y.: Recommendations for reporting ”black carbon” measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 8365–8379, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-8365-2013, 2013.
Pio, C., Cerqueira, M., Harrison, R. M., Nunes, T., Mirante, F., Alves, C., Oliveira, C., Sanchez de la Campa, A., Artíñano, B., and Matos, M.: OC/EC ratio observations in Europe: Re-thinking the approach for apportionment between primary and secondary organic carbon, Atmos. Environ., 45, 6121–6132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.045, 2011.
Pöschl, U.: Atmospheric Aerosols: Composition, Transformation, Climate and Health Effects, Angew. Chem. Int. Edit., 44, 7520–7540, https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200501122, 2005.
Quattro Esse: http://www.quattro-esse.it/Home.html, last access: 24 November 2024.
Regione Basilicata: RSdi – Territorial Information System, http://rsdi.regione.basilicata.it, last access: 28 November 2023.
Rajšić, S., Mijić, Z., Tasić, M., Radenković, M., and Joksić, J.: Evaluation of the levels and sources of trace elements in urban particulate matter, Environ. Chem. Lett., 6, 95–100, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-007-0115-0, 2008.
Redemann, J. and Gao, L.: A machine learning paradigm for necessary observations to reduce uncertainties in aerosol climate forcing, Nat. Commun., 15, 8343, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-08343-1, 2024.
Ren-Jian, Z., Kin-Fai, H., and Zhen-Xing, S.: The Role of Aerosol in Climate Change, the Environment, and Human Health, Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 5, 156–161, https://doi.org/10.1080/16742834.2012.11446983, 2012.
Rodriguez-Navarro, C., di Lorenzo, F., and Elert, K.: Mineralogy and physicochemical features of Saharan dust wet deposited in the Iberian Peninsula during an extreme red rain event, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 10089–10122, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-10089-2018, 2018.
Rosoldi, M., Coppa, G., Merlone, A., Musacchio, C., and Madonna, F.: Intercomparison of Vaisala RS92 and RS41 Radiosonde Temperature Sensors under Controlled Laboratory Conditions, Atmosphere, 13, 773, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13050773, 2022.
Sandradewi, J., Prévôt, A. S. H., Szidat, S., Perron, N., Alfarra, M., Lanz, V. A., Weingartner, E., and Baltensperger, U.: Using Aerosol Light Absorption Measurements for the Quantitative Determination of Wood Burning and Traffic Emission Contributions to Particulate Matter, Environ. Sci. Technol., 42, 3316–3323, https://doi.org/10.1021/es702253m, 2008.
Sawamura, P., Vernier, J. P., Barnes, J. E., Berkoff, T. A., Welton, E. J., Alados-Arboledas, L., Navas-Guzmán, F., Pappalardo, G., and Madonna, F.: Stratospheric AOD after the 2011 eruption of Nabro volcano measured by lidar over the Northern Hemisphere, Environ. Res. Lett., 7, 031001, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/034013, 2012.
Schmid, O., Karg. E., Hagen, D. E., Whitefield, P. D., and Ferron, G. A.: On the effective density of non-spherical particles as derived from combined measurements of aerodynamic and mobility equivalent size, J. Aerosol Sci., 38, 431–443, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2007.01.002, 2007.
Schmidl, C., Marr, I. L., Caseiro, A., Kotianovaì, P., Berner, A., Bauer, H., Kasper-Giebl, A., and Puxbaum, H.: Chemical characterization of fine particle emissions from wood stove combustion of common woods growing in mid-European Alpine regions, Atmos. Environ., 42, 126–141, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.09.028, 2008.
Sirignano, C., Riccio, A., Chianese, E., Ni, H., Zenker, K., D'Onofrio, A., Meijer, H. A. J., and Dusek, U.: High Contribution of Biomass Combustion to PM2.5 in the City Centre of Naples (Italy), Atmosphere, 10, 451, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10080451, 2019.
Sokolik, I. N. and Toon, O. B.: Direct radiative forcing by anthropogenic airborne mineral aerosols, Nature, 381, 681–683, https://doi.org/10.1038/381681a0, 1996.
Soupiona, O., Papayannis, A., Kokkalis, P., Foskinis, R., Sánchez Hernández, G., Ortiz-Amezcua, P., Mylonaki, M., Papanikolaou, C.-A., Papagiannopoulos, N., Samaras, S., Groß, S., Mamouri, R.-E., Alados-Arboledas, L., Amodeo, A., and Psiloglou, B.: EARLINET observations of Saharan dust intrusions over the northern Mediterranean region (2014–2017): properties and impact on radiative forcing, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 15147–15166, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15147-2020, 2020.
TSI company: https://tsi.com/home/ last access: 15 November 2024.
Veselovskii, I., Dubovik, O., Kolgotin, A., Korenskiy, M., Whiteman, D. N., Allakhverdiev, K., and Huseyinoglu, F.: Linear estimation of particle bulk parameters from multi-wavelength lidar measurements, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 5, 1135–1145, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-5-1135-2012, 2012.
Viana, M., Chi, X., Maenhaut, W., Cafmeyer, J., Querol, X., Alastuey, A., Mikuška, P., and Večeřa, Z.: Influence of sampling artefacts on measured PM, OC, and EC Levels in carbonaceous aerosols in an urban area, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 40, 107–117, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820500484388, 2006.
Villani, M. G., Mona, L., Maurizi, A., Pappalardo, G., Tiesi, A., Pandolfi, M., D'Isidoro, M., Cuomo, V., and Tampieri, F.: Transport of volcanic aerosol in the troposphere: the case study of the 2002 Etna plume, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D21102, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007126, 2006.
Vratolis, S., Fetfatzis, P., Argyrouli, A., Soupiona, O., Mylonaki, M., Maroufidis, J., Kalogridis, A. C., Manousakas, M., Bezantakos, S., Binietoglou, I., Labzovskii, L. D., Solomos, S., Papayannis, A., Močnik, G., O'Connor, E., Müllerf, D., Tzanisl, C. G., and Eleftheriadis, K.: Comparison and complementary use of in situ and remote sensing aerosol measurements in the Athens Metropolitan Area, Atmos. Environ., 228, 117439, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117439, 2020.
Wiedensohler, A., Birmili, W., Putaud, J. P., and Ogren, J.: Recommendations for Aerosol Sampling, in: Aerosol Science: Technology and Applications, First Edition, edited by: Colbeck, I. and Lazaridis, M., John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 45–59, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118682555.ch3, 2014.
WMO/GAW: Aerosol Measurement Procedures, Guidelines and Recommendations 2nd Edition, No. 227, Zenodo, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11145571, 2016.
Zhi, M., Zhang, X., Zhang, K., Ussher, S. J., Lv, W., Li, J., Gao, J., Luo, Y., and Meng, F.: The characteristics of atmospheric particles and metal elements during winter in Beijing: Size distribution, source analysis, and environmental risk assessment, Ecotox. Environ. Safe, 211, 111937, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111937, 2021.
Zhou, C. W., Huang, H., and Cao, J. J.: Summary of basic characteristics of atmospheric aerosol carbonaceous, Environ. Pollut. Control, 28, 270–274, 2006.
Zhao, Q., Huob, J., Yanga, X., Fub, Q., Duanb, Y., Liua, Y., Linb, Y., and Zhang, Q.: Chemical characterization and source identification of submicron aerosols from a year-long real-time observation at a rural site of Shanghai using an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor, Atmos. Res., 246, 105154, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105154, 2020.
Short summary
This paper provides an overview of the CIAO Observatory in southern Italy, focusing on the upgrade of its aerosol in situ laboratory in compliance with ACTRIS standard operating procedures. The aim is to provide the aerosol research community with technical details and practical guidance for establishing an in situ aerosol observational site. The paper also discusses the importance of combining in situ and remote sensing measurements for a comprehensive understanding of atmospheric processes.
This paper provides an overview of the CIAO Observatory in southern Italy, focusing on the...
