Articles | Volume 18, issue 21
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6251-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6251-2025
Research article
 | 
06 Nov 2025
Research article |  | 06 Nov 2025

Instrument uncertainties of network-suitable ground-based microwave radiometers: overview, quantification, and mitigation strategies

Tobias Böck, Moritz Löffler, Tobias Marke, Bernhard Pospichal, Christine Knist, and Ulrich Löhnert

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Cited articles

Böck, T., Pospichal, B., and Löhnert, U.: Measurement uncertainties of scanning microwave radiometers and their influence on temperature profiling, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 219–233, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-219-2024, 2024. 
Böck, T., Pospichal, B., Marke T., and Löhnert, U.: Calibration experiments of ground-based microwave radiometers, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17407965, 2025 
Carminati, F., Migliorini, S., Ingleby, B., Bell, W., Lawrence, H., Newman, S., Hocking, J., and Smith, A.: Using reference radiosondes to characterise NWP model uncertainty for improved satellite calibration and validation, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 83–106, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-83-2019, 2019. 
Caumont, O., Cimini, D., Löhnert, U., Alados-Arboledas, L., Bleisch, R., Buffa, F., Ferrario, M. E., Haefele, A., Huet, T., Madonna, F., and Pace, G.: Assimilation of humidity and temperature observations retrieved from ground-based microwave radiometers into a convective-scale NWP model, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 142, 2692–2704, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2860, 2016. 
Cimini, D., Campos, E., Ware, R., Albers, S., Giuliani, G., Oreamuno, J., Joe, P., Koch, S. E., Cober, S., and Westwater, E.: Thermodynamic Atmospheric Profiling During the 2010 Winter Olympics Using Ground-Based Microwave Radiometry, IEEE T. Geosci. Remote, 49, 4959–4969, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2011.2154337, 2011. 
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Short summary
We investigated how accurate modern ground-based weather sensors are in measuring temperature and humidity within the lower atmosphere. We identified different types of small but important measurement error inherent to the instruments. Understanding these issues helps improve data quality and supports better short-term weather forecasts using sensor networks across Europe.
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