Please refer to the comments in the supplement.

General comment:

This study analyzes four cases of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) lidar observations in South China. In Case 1, a pronounced fluorescence layer is detected and attributed to biomass burning aerosols (BBA) transported from the Indo-China Peninsula, based on HYSPLIT backward trajectories and other supporting datasets.

LIF lidar has been demonstrated as an effective tool for detecting BBA in Europe, but applications in South China remain limited. Deploying this technique in a region frequently impacted by Southeast Asian biomass burning smoke is therefore timely and valuable. The manuscript helps fill an observational gap and provides useful insights into BBA characteristics and transport pathways.

Overall, the manuscript provides considerable evidence to support its conclusions, but the structure of Section 4 should be revised to align with the logical flow of evidence. Additionally, future perspectives should be added to the Conclusion section to provide useful references for the follow-up studies. Please refer to the specific comments below for details.

 Specific comments:

1. Line 31: ‘the’ should be deleted as no specific system is referred to.
2. Lines 30-35: Besides atmospheric observations, LIF lidar has been applied in a range of other remote sensing applications, including aquatic oil spill detection and chlorophyll fluorescence monitoring. Adding a short discussion of these applications in the Introduction may help highlight the broader applicability of LIF lidar.
3. Line 39: To be clear, ‘weaker cases’ should be revised to ‘weaker fire cases’.
4. Line 45: Please provide a brief overview of the section contents at the end of the Introduction.
5. Line 59: ‘BBA layer’ should be revised to ‘fluorescent layer’, as the fluorescence attribution is presented in Section 4.
6. Lines 143-144: Please consider moving the sentence pertaining to spectral characteristics to Section 4.2, as it focuses on spectral analysis.
7. Line 145: Similarly, as the spectra are a key piece of evidence for characterizing urban aerosols, the corresponding conclusion should also be moved to Section 4.2.
8. Lines 149-150: As already mentioned in the general comment, the conclusion of BBA characterization is premature to present here. It should be presented in Section 4.3.
9. Lines 160-162: Please specify only the precise height ranges to avoid confusion.
10. Lines 202-205: The consideration of the influence from high altitudes to low altitudes is noteworthy, but the discussion is insufficient based solely on two weak spectra. Therefore, the authors are advised to remove the relevant descriptions and focus instead on the implications for future research.
11. Line 213: "was originated" should be revised to "originated".
12. Lines 213-217: Please reorder the sentences for clearer logic. The description should specify that onshore flow introduces the potential for mixing between marine aerosols and BBA.
13. Conclusion: As noted in the general comments, it is recommended to add a brief discussion of future research prospects at the end of the Conclusion to better outline potential directions for subsequent studies.