Bayesian statistical ionospheric tomography improved by incorporating ionosonde measurements

Norberg, Johannes; Virtanen, Ilkka I.; Roininen, Lassi; Vierinen, Juha; Orispää, Mikko; Kauristie, Kirsti; Lehtinen, Markku S.

doi:10.5194/amt-9-1859-2016

Articles | Volume 9, issue 4

https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-1859-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-1859-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 9, issue 4

Research article

| Highlight paper

|

28 Apr 2016

Research article | Highlight paper |

| 28 Apr 2016

Bayesian statistical ionospheric tomography improved by incorporating ionosonde measurements

Johannes Norberg, Ilkka I. Virtanen, Lassi Roininen, Juha Vierinen, Mikko Orispää, Kirsti Kauristie, and Markku S. Lehtinen

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Jan 2023	34	8	1	43
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Jun 2023	89	3	1	93
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Apr 2024	49	7	4	60
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Jun 2024	35	7	2	44
Jul 2024	25	5	4	34
Aug 2024	26	5	4	35
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Oct 2024	13	6	0	19
Nov 2024	8	6	1	15
Dec 2024	18	14	1	33
Jan 2025	50	8	3	61
Feb 2025	39	12	0	51
Mar 2025	18	12	5	35
Apr 2025	17	12	0	29
May 2025	18	5	3	26
Jun 2025	54	12	1	67
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Aug 2025	29	21	1	51
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Oct 2025	19	20	2	41
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Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 21 Sep 2015)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Sep 2015	28	17	2	47
Oct 2015	27	17	2	46
Nov 2015	16	8	0	24
Dec 2015	11	9	0	20
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Feb 2016	26	4	0	30
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Apr 2016	99	19	2	120
May 2016	122	37	4	163
Jun 2016	33	15	2	50
Jul 2016	22	8	5	35
Aug 2016	16	10	0	26
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Feb 2024	32	6	0	38
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Sep 2025	25	18	0	43
Oct 2025	19	20	2	41
Nov 2025	38	29	2	69

Latest update: 30 Nov 2025

Short summary

We validate 2-D ionospheric tomography reconstructions against EISCAT incoherent scatter radar measurements. The method is based on Bayesian statistical inversion. We employ ionosonde measurements for the choice of the prior distribution parameters and use a sparse matrix approximation for the computations. This results in a computationally efficient tomography algorithm with clear probabilistic interpretation. We find that ionosonde measurements improve the reconstruction significantly.