Articles | Volume 9, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-1993-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-1993-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
03 May 2016
Research article |
| 03 May 2016
Evaluation of three lidar scanning strategies for turbulence measurements
Jennifer F. Newman
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK,
USA
now at: National Wind Technology Center, National Renewable
Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA
Petra M. Klein
School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK,
USA
Sonia Wharton
Atmospheric, Earth and Energy Division, Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
Ameya Sathe
DTU Wind Energy, Risø Campus, Roskilde, Denmark
now at: DONG Energy, Copenhagen, Denmark
Timothy A. Bonin
School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK,
USA
now at: Cooperative Institute for Research in the
Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, and National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration/Earth System Research Laboratory,
Boulder, CO, USA
Phillip B. Chilson
School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK,
USA
Advanced Radar Research Center, University of Oklahoma,
Norman, OK, USA
Andreas Muschinski
NorthWest Research Associates, Boulder, CO, USA
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54 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Multiscale simulation of the urban wind environment under typhoon weather conditions Z. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-023-0991-7
- Year-long buoy-based observations of the air–sea transition zone off the US west coast R. Krishnamurthy et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5667-2023
- Coplanar lidar measurement of a single wind energy converter wake in distinct atmospheric stability regimes at the Perdigão 2017 experiment N. Wildmann et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1037/5/052006
- Turbulence characterization from a forward-looking nacelle lidar A. Peña et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2-133-2017
- Wind speed reconstruction from mono-static wind lidar eliminating the effect of turbulence P. Rosenbusch et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0048810
- Dependence of turbulence estimations on nacelle lidar scanning strategies W. Fu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-677-2023
- Testing of an Electrooptical Unit of Fiber-Optic Pulsed Coherent Doppler Lidar LRV-2 A. Sherstobitov et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1024856025700629
- Exploring the Feasibility of Using Commercially Available Vertically Pointing Wind Profiling Lidars to Acquire Thunderstorm Wind Profiles W. Gunter https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2019.00119
- Improvement of vertical velocity statistics measured by a Doppler lidar through comparison with sonic anemometer observations T. Bonin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-5833-2016
- Field Study of Turbulence Intensity measurement by Nacelle Mounted Lidar (NML) Z. Liang et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2265/2/022104
- Behavior and mechanisms of Doppler wind lidar error in varying stability regimes R. Robey & J. Lundquist https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4585-2022
- Detection of Range-Folded Returns in Doppler Lidar Observations T. Bonin & W. Alan Brewer https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2017.2652360
- Inter-comparison study of wind measurement between the three-lidar-based virtual tower and four lidars using VAD techniques X. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2024.2307930
- Characterization of the offshore wind dynamics for wind energy production in the Gulf of Lion, Western Mediterranean Sea M. Thiébaut et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.weer.2024.100002
- Overview of preparation for the American WAKE ExperimeNt (AWAKEN) P. Moriarty et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0141683
- An Inter-Comparison Study of Multi- and DBS Lidar Measurements in Complex Terrain L. Pauscher et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8090782
- Influence of regional nighttime atmospheric regimes on canopy turbulence and gradients at a closed and open forest in mountain-valley terrain S. Wharton et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.01.020
- Better turbulence spectra from velocity–azimuth display scanning wind lidar F. Kelberlau & J. Mann https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-1871-2019
- Cross-contamination effect on turbulence spectra from Doppler beam swinging wind lidar F. Kelberlau & J. Mann https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-5-519-2020
- Accounting for Instrument Tilt to Improve Doppler Lidar-Based Boundary-Layer Wind Estimates M. Moeini & D. Romanic https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-026-00966-9
- Evaluation of turbulence measurement techniques from a single Doppler lidar T. Bonin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3021-2017
- LiSBOA (LiDAR Statistical Barnes Objective Analysis) for optimal design of lidar scans and retrieval of wind statistics – Part 2: Applications to lidar measurements of wind turbine wakes S. Letizia et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-2095-2021
- Quantification and Correction of Wave-Induced Turbulence Intensity Bias for a Floating LIDAR System T. Désert et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13152973
- Multilevel Validation of Doppler Wind Lidar by the 325 m Meteorological Tower in the Planetary Boundary Layer of Beijing L. Dai et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11101051
- Nocturnal atmospheric conditions and their impact on air pollutant concentrations in the city of Stuttgart O. Kiseleva et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/met.2037
- Evaluating the enhanced sampling rate for turbulence measurement with a wind lidar profiler M. Thiébaut et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1869-2025
- In Situ Measurement of Oceanic 3D-Volume Two-Component Turbulence Based on Holographic Astigmatic Particle Tracking Velocimetry Z. Zhou et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse14060574
- Experimental investigation on power performance testing using nacelle lidar measurements over excavated terrain U. Tumenbayar et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2021.104671
- Improving lidar turbulence estimates for wind energy J. Newman et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/753/7/072010
- High-fidelity retrieval from instantaneous line-of-sight returns of nacelle-mounted lidar including supervised machine learning K. Brown & T. Herges https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-7211-2022
- Overview and Applications of the New York State Mesonet Profiler Network B. Shrestha et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-21-0104.1
- Remote Determination of Turbulence Parameters of a Stratified Atmospheric Boundary Layer V. Banakh et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1024856024701227
- Tilted lidar profiling: Development and testing of a novel scanning strategy for inhomogeneous flows S. Letizia et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0209729
- Errors in radial velocity variance from Doppler wind lidar H. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-4123-2016
- Evaluating the impact of motion compensation on turbulence intensity measurements from continuous-wave and pulsed floating lidars W. Watson et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2791-2025
- Combined wind lidar and cloud radar for high-resolution wind profiling J. Dias Neto et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-769-2023
- Mutsu 2020 Scanning LiDAR Experiment: Comparison of Dual and Single Scanning LiDAR Systems for Near‐Shore Wind Measurement S. Shimada et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.70003
- Application of multi-source data for improvement of day-ahead wind power forecasting with machine learning models B. Kim & K. Ko https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-025-1147-8
- Mean wind vector estimation using the velocity–azimuth display (VAD) method: an explicit algebraic solution G. Teschke & V. Lehmann https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3265-2017
- Evaluation of the New York State Mesonet Profiler Network data B. Shrestha et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-6011-2022
- Dynamic Data Filtering of Long-Range Doppler LiDAR Wind Speed Measurements H. Beck & M. Kühn https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9060561
- Aircraft LRV-2 Lidar Measurements of Vertical Wind Speed and Turbulence Parameters A. Sherstobitov et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1024856025700964
- Effect of Wind Transport of Turbulent Inhomogeneities on Estimation of the Turbulence Energy Dissipation Rate from Measurements by a Conically Scanning Coherent Doppler Lidar I. Smalikho & V. Banakh https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12172802
- Comparison of turbulence measurements by a CSAT3B sonic anemometer and a high-resolution bistatic Doppler lidar M. Mauder et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-969-2020
- An error reduction algorithm to improve lidar turbulence estimates for wind energy J. Newman & A. Clifton https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2-77-2017
- Estimating the Parameters of Wind Turbulence from Spectra of Radial Velocity Measured by a Pulsed Doppler Lidar V. Banakh et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112071
- A New Generation of Ground-Based Mobile Platforms for Active and Passive Profiling of the Boundary Layer T. Wagner et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0165.1
- Influence of nacelle-lidar scanning patterns on inflow turbulence characterization W. Fu et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2265/2/022016
- Vertical Structure of Turbulence in the Lower Atmospheric Boundary Layer above a Deciduous Forest in Complex Terrain T. Lee et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110745
- Comparison of Convective Boundary Layer Characteristics from Aircraft and Wind Lidar Observations B. Adler et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-18-0118.1
- Lidar Estimates of the Anisotropy of Wind Turbulence in a Stable Atmospheric Boundary Layer V. Banakh & I. Smalikho https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11182115
- Spatial and temporal variability of turbulence dissipation rate in complex terrain N. Bodini et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4367-2019
- Estimating fine-scale changes in turbulence using the movements of a flapping flier E. Lempidakis et al. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2022.0577
- The spectral signature of wind turbine wake meandering: A wind tunnel and field‐scale study M. Heisel et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.2189
54 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Multiscale simulation of the urban wind environment under typhoon weather conditions Z. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12273-023-0991-7
- Year-long buoy-based observations of the air–sea transition zone off the US west coast R. Krishnamurthy et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5667-2023
- Coplanar lidar measurement of a single wind energy converter wake in distinct atmospheric stability regimes at the Perdigão 2017 experiment N. Wildmann et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1037/5/052006
- Turbulence characterization from a forward-looking nacelle lidar A. Peña et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2-133-2017
- Wind speed reconstruction from mono-static wind lidar eliminating the effect of turbulence P. Rosenbusch et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0048810
- Dependence of turbulence estimations on nacelle lidar scanning strategies W. Fu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-8-677-2023
- Testing of an Electrooptical Unit of Fiber-Optic Pulsed Coherent Doppler Lidar LRV-2 A. Sherstobitov et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1024856025700629
- Exploring the Feasibility of Using Commercially Available Vertically Pointing Wind Profiling Lidars to Acquire Thunderstorm Wind Profiles W. Gunter https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2019.00119
- Improvement of vertical velocity statistics measured by a Doppler lidar through comparison with sonic anemometer observations T. Bonin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-5833-2016
- Field Study of Turbulence Intensity measurement by Nacelle Mounted Lidar (NML) Z. Liang et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2265/2/022104
- Behavior and mechanisms of Doppler wind lidar error in varying stability regimes R. Robey & J. Lundquist https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4585-2022
- Detection of Range-Folded Returns in Doppler Lidar Observations T. Bonin & W. Alan Brewer https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2017.2652360
- Inter-comparison study of wind measurement between the three-lidar-based virtual tower and four lidars using VAD techniques X. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2024.2307930
- Characterization of the offshore wind dynamics for wind energy production in the Gulf of Lion, Western Mediterranean Sea M. Thiébaut et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.weer.2024.100002
- Overview of preparation for the American WAKE ExperimeNt (AWAKEN) P. Moriarty et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0141683
- An Inter-Comparison Study of Multi- and DBS Lidar Measurements in Complex Terrain L. Pauscher et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8090782
- Influence of regional nighttime atmospheric regimes on canopy turbulence and gradients at a closed and open forest in mountain-valley terrain S. Wharton et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.01.020
- Better turbulence spectra from velocity–azimuth display scanning wind lidar F. Kelberlau & J. Mann https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-1871-2019
- Cross-contamination effect on turbulence spectra from Doppler beam swinging wind lidar F. Kelberlau & J. Mann https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-5-519-2020
- Accounting for Instrument Tilt to Improve Doppler Lidar-Based Boundary-Layer Wind Estimates M. Moeini & D. Romanic https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-026-00966-9
- Evaluation of turbulence measurement techniques from a single Doppler lidar T. Bonin et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3021-2017
- LiSBOA (LiDAR Statistical Barnes Objective Analysis) for optimal design of lidar scans and retrieval of wind statistics – Part 2: Applications to lidar measurements of wind turbine wakes S. Letizia et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-2095-2021
- Quantification and Correction of Wave-Induced Turbulence Intensity Bias for a Floating LIDAR System T. Désert et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13152973
- Multilevel Validation of Doppler Wind Lidar by the 325 m Meteorological Tower in the Planetary Boundary Layer of Beijing L. Dai et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11101051
- Nocturnal atmospheric conditions and their impact on air pollutant concentrations in the city of Stuttgart O. Kiseleva et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/met.2037
- Evaluating the enhanced sampling rate for turbulence measurement with a wind lidar profiler M. Thiébaut et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-1869-2025
- In Situ Measurement of Oceanic 3D-Volume Two-Component Turbulence Based on Holographic Astigmatic Particle Tracking Velocimetry Z. Zhou et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse14060574
- Experimental investigation on power performance testing using nacelle lidar measurements over excavated terrain U. Tumenbayar et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2021.104671
- Improving lidar turbulence estimates for wind energy J. Newman et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/753/7/072010
- High-fidelity retrieval from instantaneous line-of-sight returns of nacelle-mounted lidar including supervised machine learning K. Brown & T. Herges https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-7211-2022
- Overview and Applications of the New York State Mesonet Profiler Network B. Shrestha et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-21-0104.1
- Remote Determination of Turbulence Parameters of a Stratified Atmospheric Boundary Layer V. Banakh et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1024856024701227
- Tilted lidar profiling: Development and testing of a novel scanning strategy for inhomogeneous flows S. Letizia et al. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0209729
- Errors in radial velocity variance from Doppler wind lidar H. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-4123-2016
- Evaluating the impact of motion compensation on turbulence intensity measurements from continuous-wave and pulsed floating lidars W. Watson et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-10-2791-2025
- Combined wind lidar and cloud radar for high-resolution wind profiling J. Dias Neto et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-769-2023
- Mutsu 2020 Scanning LiDAR Experiment: Comparison of Dual and Single Scanning LiDAR Systems for Near‐Shore Wind Measurement S. Shimada et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.70003
- Application of multi-source data for improvement of day-ahead wind power forecasting with machine learning models B. Kim & K. Ko https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-025-1147-8
- Mean wind vector estimation using the velocity–azimuth display (VAD) method: an explicit algebraic solution G. Teschke & V. Lehmann https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3265-2017
- Evaluation of the New York State Mesonet Profiler Network data B. Shrestha et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-6011-2022
- Dynamic Data Filtering of Long-Range Doppler LiDAR Wind Speed Measurements H. Beck & M. Kühn https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9060561
- Aircraft LRV-2 Lidar Measurements of Vertical Wind Speed and Turbulence Parameters A. Sherstobitov et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1024856025700964
- Effect of Wind Transport of Turbulent Inhomogeneities on Estimation of the Turbulence Energy Dissipation Rate from Measurements by a Conically Scanning Coherent Doppler Lidar I. Smalikho & V. Banakh https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12172802
- Comparison of turbulence measurements by a CSAT3B sonic anemometer and a high-resolution bistatic Doppler lidar M. Mauder et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-969-2020
- An error reduction algorithm to improve lidar turbulence estimates for wind energy J. Newman & A. Clifton https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2-77-2017
- Estimating the Parameters of Wind Turbulence from Spectra of Radial Velocity Measured by a Pulsed Doppler Lidar V. Banakh et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112071
- A New Generation of Ground-Based Mobile Platforms for Active and Passive Profiling of the Boundary Layer T. Wagner et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0165.1
- Influence of nacelle-lidar scanning patterns on inflow turbulence characterization W. Fu et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2265/2/022016
- Vertical Structure of Turbulence in the Lower Atmospheric Boundary Layer above a Deciduous Forest in Complex Terrain T. Lee et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110745
- Comparison of Convective Boundary Layer Characteristics from Aircraft and Wind Lidar Observations B. Adler et al. https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-18-0118.1
- Lidar Estimates of the Anisotropy of Wind Turbulence in a Stable Atmospheric Boundary Layer V. Banakh & I. Smalikho https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11182115
- Spatial and temporal variability of turbulence dissipation rate in complex terrain N. Bodini et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4367-2019
- Estimating fine-scale changes in turbulence using the movements of a flapping flier E. Lempidakis et al. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2022.0577
- The spectral signature of wind turbine wake meandering: A wind tunnel and field‐scale study M. Heisel et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/we.2189
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 03 Jun 2026
Short summary
Remote sensing devices known as lidars are often used to take measurements at potential wind farm sites. These instruments are however not optimized for measuring turbulence, small-scale changes in wind speed. In this manuscript, the impact of lidar configurations and atmospheric conditions on turbulence accuracy is explored. A new method was developed to correct lidar turbulence measurements and is described in detail such that other lidar users can apply it to their own instruments.
Remote sensing devices known as lidars are often used to take measurements at potential wind...
