Articles | Volume 12, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-83-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-83-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
07 Jan 2019
Research article |
| 07 Jan 2019
| 07 Jan 2019
Using reference radiosondes to characterise NWP model uncertainty for improved satellite calibration and validation
Fabien Carminati
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Met Office, Exeter, EX1 3PB, UK
Stefano Migliorini
Met Office, Exeter, EX1 3PB, UK
Bruce Ingleby
ECMWF, Reading, RG2 9AX, UK
William Bell
ECMWF, Reading, RG2 9AX, UK
Heather Lawrence
ECMWF, Reading, RG2 9AX, UK
Stuart Newman
Met Office, Exeter, EX1 3PB, UK
James Hocking
Met Office, Exeter, EX1 3PB, UK
Andrew Smith
Met Office, Exeter, EX1 3PB, UK
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Cited
27 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Integrating satellite-based atmospheric soundings and machine learning to correct radiosonde temperature biases F. Mashao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2026.106803
- Long-Term Assessment of Inter-Sensor Radiometric Biases Among SNPP, NOAA-20, NOAA-21 OMPS Nadir, and CrIS Instruments Using the NOAA ICVS-iSensor-RCBA Portal B. Yan et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18020254
- Calibration and Validation of Antenna and Brightness Temperatures from Metop-C Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) B. Yan et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12182978
- An Ensemble-Based Model for Specific Humidity Retrieval from Landsat-8 Satellite Data for South Korea S. Choi et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15020218
- Correction of ERA5 temperature and relative humidity biases by bivariate quantile mapping for contrail formation analysis K. Wolf et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-157-2025
- Characterising extratropical near‐tropopause analysis humidity biases and their radiative effects on temperature forecasts J. Bland et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4150
- Water vapor transport observed at a coastal Mediterranean site during the summer of 2021 and compared with ERA5 F. Madonna et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-36040-0
- Use of automatic radiosonde launchers to measure temperature and humidity profiles from the GRUAN perspective F. Madonna et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3621-2020
- An Objective Quality Control of Surface Contamination Observations for ABI Water Vapor Radiance Assimilation Z. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD036061
- Learning earth system models from observations: machine learning or data assimilation? A. Geer https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2020.0089
- Derivation and Validation of Sensor Brightness Temperatures for Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A Instruments B. Yan & K. Ahmad https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2020.2992270
- A New 32-Day Average-Difference Method for Calculating Inter-Sensor Calibration Radiometric Biases between SNPP and NOAA-20 Instruments within ICVS Framework B. Yan et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163079
- Justification for high-ascent attainment for balloon radiosonde soundings at GRUAN and other sites M. Fujiwara et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-2919-2025
- Low ozone dry deposition rates to sea ice during the MOSAiC field campaign: Implications for the Arctic boundary layer ozone budget J. Barten et al. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2022.00086
- Short-Term Forecasting of Total Cloud Cover over the United States and the Texas Gulf Coast with Graph-Based Deep Learning H. Kia et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41748-025-00953-z
- Assessment of New Satellite Missions within the Framework of Numerical Weather Prediction S. Newman et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12101580
- Physical and Statistical Links between Errors at the Surface, in the Boundary Layer, and in the Free Atmosphere in Medium-Range Numerical Weather Predictions S. Bélair et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15081012
- Uncertainties in the permittivity model for seawater in FASTEM and implications for the calibration/validation of microwave imagers H. Lawrence et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2019.106813
- Assessment of the relative impact of the assimilation of Global Navigation Satellite System Radio Occultation (GNSS-RO) and Radiosonde data in the NCMRWF Global NWP system S. Purwar & S. Rani https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108629
- Long-Term Assessment of Inter-Sensor Radiometric Biases Among SNPP, NOAA-20, NOAA-21 ATMS, and NOAA-19 AMSU-A Instruments Using the NOAA ICVS Framework B. Yan et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18091426
- Growing Operational Use of FY-3 Data in the ECMWF System N. Bormann et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-0207-3
- Assessment of the Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder (HIRAS) F. Carminati et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11242950
- Anatomy of the uncertainty of satellite vicarious calibration using radiosondes: concepts and preliminary results for microwave radiometric observations D. Cimini et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42865-024-00073-y
- Gap Filling of Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder Data as Applied to Hurricane Warm Core Animations B. Yan et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EA000961
- Instrument uncertainties of network-suitable ground-based microwave radiometers: overview, quantification, and mitigation strategies T. Böck et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6251-2025
- Drone-based meteorological observations up to the tropopause – a concept study K. Bärfuss et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-3739-2023
- Evaluating temperature and humidity measurement biases in RS92 and RS41 radiosondes using radio occultation data F. Mashao et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ae61d2
27 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Integrating satellite-based atmospheric soundings and machine learning to correct radiosonde temperature biases F. Mashao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2026.106803
- Long-Term Assessment of Inter-Sensor Radiometric Biases Among SNPP, NOAA-20, NOAA-21 OMPS Nadir, and CrIS Instruments Using the NOAA ICVS-iSensor-RCBA Portal B. Yan et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18020254
- Calibration and Validation of Antenna and Brightness Temperatures from Metop-C Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) B. Yan et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12182978
- An Ensemble-Based Model for Specific Humidity Retrieval from Landsat-8 Satellite Data for South Korea S. Choi et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15020218
- Correction of ERA5 temperature and relative humidity biases by bivariate quantile mapping for contrail formation analysis K. Wolf et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-157-2025
- Characterising extratropical near‐tropopause analysis humidity biases and their radiative effects on temperature forecasts J. Bland et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4150
- Water vapor transport observed at a coastal Mediterranean site during the summer of 2021 and compared with ERA5 F. Madonna et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-36040-0
- Use of automatic radiosonde launchers to measure temperature and humidity profiles from the GRUAN perspective F. Madonna et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3621-2020
- An Objective Quality Control of Surface Contamination Observations for ABI Water Vapor Radiance Assimilation Z. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JD036061
- Learning earth system models from observations: machine learning or data assimilation? A. Geer https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2020.0089
- Derivation and Validation of Sensor Brightness Temperatures for Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A Instruments B. Yan & K. Ahmad https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2020.2992270
- A New 32-Day Average-Difference Method for Calculating Inter-Sensor Calibration Radiometric Biases between SNPP and NOAA-20 Instruments within ICVS Framework B. Yan et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163079
- Justification for high-ascent attainment for balloon radiosonde soundings at GRUAN and other sites M. Fujiwara et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-2919-2025
- Low ozone dry deposition rates to sea ice during the MOSAiC field campaign: Implications for the Arctic boundary layer ozone budget J. Barten et al. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2022.00086
- Short-Term Forecasting of Total Cloud Cover over the United States and the Texas Gulf Coast with Graph-Based Deep Learning H. Kia et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41748-025-00953-z
- Assessment of New Satellite Missions within the Framework of Numerical Weather Prediction S. Newman et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12101580
- Physical and Statistical Links between Errors at the Surface, in the Boundary Layer, and in the Free Atmosphere in Medium-Range Numerical Weather Predictions S. Bélair et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15081012
- Uncertainties in the permittivity model for seawater in FASTEM and implications for the calibration/validation of microwave imagers H. Lawrence et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2019.106813
- Assessment of the relative impact of the assimilation of Global Navigation Satellite System Radio Occultation (GNSS-RO) and Radiosonde data in the NCMRWF Global NWP system S. Purwar & S. Rani https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108629
- Long-Term Assessment of Inter-Sensor Radiometric Biases Among SNPP, NOAA-20, NOAA-21 ATMS, and NOAA-19 AMSU-A Instruments Using the NOAA ICVS Framework B. Yan et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18091426
- Growing Operational Use of FY-3 Data in the ECMWF System N. Bormann et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-0207-3
- Assessment of the Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder (HIRAS) F. Carminati et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11242950
- Anatomy of the uncertainty of satellite vicarious calibration using radiosondes: concepts and preliminary results for microwave radiometric observations D. Cimini et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42865-024-00073-y
- Gap Filling of Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder Data as Applied to Hurricane Warm Core Animations B. Yan et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EA000961
- Instrument uncertainties of network-suitable ground-based microwave radiometers: overview, quantification, and mitigation strategies T. Böck et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-6251-2025
- Drone-based meteorological observations up to the tropopause – a concept study K. Bärfuss et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-3739-2023
- Evaluating temperature and humidity measurement biases in RS92 and RS41 radiosondes using radio occultation data F. Mashao et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ae61d2
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 05 Jun 2026
Short summary
The GRUAN processor is a software developed to collocate radiosonde profiles and numerical weather prediction model fields, simulate top-of-atmosphere brightness temperature at frequencies used by space-borne instruments, and propagate the radiosonde uncertainties in that simulation. This work responds to an identified lack of metrologically traceable characterisation of uncertainties in model fields that are increasingly used for the validation and calibration of space-borne instruments.
The GRUAN processor is a software developed to collocate radiosonde profiles and numerical...
