Articles | Volume 14, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-511-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-511-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
25 Jan 2021
Research article |
| 25 Jan 2021
| 25 Jan 2021
Linking rain into ice microphysics across the melting layer in stratiform rain: a closure study
National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Alessandro Battaglia
Earth Observation Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Department of Environmental, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico of Turin, Turin, Italy
Stefan Kneifel
Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Leonie von Terzi
Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Markus Karrer
Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Davide Ori
Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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20 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Ice microphysical processes in the dendritic growth layer: a statistical analysis combining multi-frequency and polarimetric Doppler cloud radar observations L. von Terzi et al. 10.5194/acp-22-11795-2022
- Dual-frequency spectral radar retrieval of snowfall microphysics: a physics-driven deep-learning approach A. Billault-Roux et al. 10.5194/amt-16-911-2023
- Attribution of riming and aggregation processes by application of the vertical distribution of particle shape (VDPS) and spectral retrieval techniques to cloud radar observations A. Teisseire et al. 10.5194/amt-18-1499-2025
- Aspects of melting layer and fall streaks in stratiform cloud system over the Western Ghats, India from Ka-band polarimetric radar observations S. Das et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106463
- Cloud and precipitation microphysical retrievals from the EarthCARE Cloud Profiling Radar: the C-CLD product K. Mroz et al. 10.5194/amt-16-2865-2023
- Particle inertial effects on radar Doppler spectra simulation Z. Zhu et al. 10.5194/amt-16-3727-2023
- Validation of Synthetic Storm Technique for Rain Attenuation Prediction Over High-Rainfall Tropical Region S. Chakraborty et al. 10.1109/LGRS.2021.3068334
- How does riming influence the observed spatial variability of ice water in mixed-phase clouds? N. Maherndl et al. 10.5194/acp-24-13935-2024
- I and Qs Simulation and Processing Envisaged for Spaceborne Polarization Diversity Doppler Radars A. Battaglia et al. 10.1109/TGRS.2025.3529672
- Advantages of G-band radar in multi-frequency liquid-phase microphysical retrievals B. Courtier et al. 10.5194/amt-17-6875-2024
- First Observations of G‐Band Radar Doppler Spectra B. Courtier et al. 10.1029/2021GL096475
- Coincident in situ and triple-frequency radar airborne observations in the Arctic C. Nguyen et al. 10.5194/amt-15-775-2022
- A unified synergistic retrieval of clouds, aerosols, and precipitation from EarthCARE: the ACM-CAP product S. Mason et al. 10.5194/amt-16-3459-2023
- Hailstorm events in the Central Andes of Peru: insights from historical data and radar microphysics J. Valdivia et al. 10.5194/amt-17-2295-2024
- Melting Behavior of Rimed and Unrimed Snowflakes Investigated With Statistics of Triple‐Frequency Doppler Radar Observations M. Karrer et al. 10.1029/2021JD035907
- Triple-frequency radar retrieval of microphysical properties of snow K. Mroz et al. 10.5194/amt-14-7243-2021
- Enhancing consistency of microphysical properties of precipitation across the melting layer in dual-frequency precipitation radar data K. Mroz et al. 10.5194/amt-17-1577-2024
- Direct Comparisons between GPM-DPR and CloudSat Snowfall Retrievals R. Chase et al. 10.1175/JAMC-D-21-0081.1
- What Can We Learn from the CloudSat Radiometric Mode Observations of Snowfall over the Ice-Free Ocean? A. Battaglia & G. Panegrossi 10.3390/rs12203285
- Assessing the Effect of Riming on Snow Microphysics: The First Observational Study in East China Y. Zhang et al. 10.1029/2020JD033763
18 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Ice microphysical processes in the dendritic growth layer: a statistical analysis combining multi-frequency and polarimetric Doppler cloud radar observations L. von Terzi et al. 10.5194/acp-22-11795-2022
- Dual-frequency spectral radar retrieval of snowfall microphysics: a physics-driven deep-learning approach A. Billault-Roux et al. 10.5194/amt-16-911-2023
- Attribution of riming and aggregation processes by application of the vertical distribution of particle shape (VDPS) and spectral retrieval techniques to cloud radar observations A. Teisseire et al. 10.5194/amt-18-1499-2025
- Aspects of melting layer and fall streaks in stratiform cloud system over the Western Ghats, India from Ka-band polarimetric radar observations S. Das et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106463
- Cloud and precipitation microphysical retrievals from the EarthCARE Cloud Profiling Radar: the C-CLD product K. Mroz et al. 10.5194/amt-16-2865-2023
- Particle inertial effects on radar Doppler spectra simulation Z. Zhu et al. 10.5194/amt-16-3727-2023
- Validation of Synthetic Storm Technique for Rain Attenuation Prediction Over High-Rainfall Tropical Region S. Chakraborty et al. 10.1109/LGRS.2021.3068334
- How does riming influence the observed spatial variability of ice water in mixed-phase clouds? N. Maherndl et al. 10.5194/acp-24-13935-2024
- I and Qs Simulation and Processing Envisaged for Spaceborne Polarization Diversity Doppler Radars A. Battaglia et al. 10.1109/TGRS.2025.3529672
- Advantages of G-band radar in multi-frequency liquid-phase microphysical retrievals B. Courtier et al. 10.5194/amt-17-6875-2024
- First Observations of G‐Band Radar Doppler Spectra B. Courtier et al. 10.1029/2021GL096475
- Coincident in situ and triple-frequency radar airborne observations in the Arctic C. Nguyen et al. 10.5194/amt-15-775-2022
- A unified synergistic retrieval of clouds, aerosols, and precipitation from EarthCARE: the ACM-CAP product S. Mason et al. 10.5194/amt-16-3459-2023
- Hailstorm events in the Central Andes of Peru: insights from historical data and radar microphysics J. Valdivia et al. 10.5194/amt-17-2295-2024
- Melting Behavior of Rimed and Unrimed Snowflakes Investigated With Statistics of Triple‐Frequency Doppler Radar Observations M. Karrer et al. 10.1029/2021JD035907
- Triple-frequency radar retrieval of microphysical properties of snow K. Mroz et al. 10.5194/amt-14-7243-2021
- Enhancing consistency of microphysical properties of precipitation across the melting layer in dual-frequency precipitation radar data K. Mroz et al. 10.5194/amt-17-1577-2024
- Direct Comparisons between GPM-DPR and CloudSat Snowfall Retrievals R. Chase et al. 10.1175/JAMC-D-21-0081.1
2 citations as recorded by crossref.
Latest update: 29 Jul 2025
Short summary
The article examines the relationship between the characteristics of rain and the properties of the ice cloud from which the rain originated. Our results confirm the widely accepted assumption that the mass flux through the melting zone is well preserved with an exception of extreme aggregation and riming conditions. Moreover, it is shown that the mean (mass-weighted) size of particles above and below the melting zone is strongly linked, with the former being on average larger.
The article examines the relationship between the characteristics of rain and the properties of...
