Articles | Volume 14, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6955-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6955-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
04 Nov 2021
Research article |
| 04 Nov 2021
| 04 Nov 2021
Constraining the response factors of an extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometer for near-molecular aerosol speciation
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Chuan Ping Lee
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Jordan E. Krechmer
Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research Inc.,
Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
Francesca Majluf
Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research Inc.,
Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
Yandong Tong
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Manjula R. Canagaratna
Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research Inc.,
Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
Julia Schmale
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Extreme Environments Research Laboratory, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne, 1951 Sion, Switzerland
André S. H. Prévôt
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Urs Baltensperger
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Josef Dommen
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Jay G. Slowik
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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Cited
28 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Secondary Organic Aerosol Yields from NO3 Oxidation of Phenolic, Aromatic, and Heterocyclic VOCs: Implications for Biomass Burning Plumes M. Schueneman et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00332
- Highly time-resolved chemical speciation and source apportionment of organic aerosol components in Delhi, India, using extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry V. Kumar et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7739-2022
- Estimation of the Volatility and Apparent Activity Coefficient of Levoglucosan in Wood-Burning Organic Aerosols J. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00608
- Particle-phase processing of α-pinene NO3 secondary organic aerosol in the dark D. Bell et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13167-2022
- Atmospheric Organic Nitrates: Formation Mechanism, Measurement Advances, and Implications for Secondary Pollutant Formation and Climate Change Y. Qing et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40726-026-00415-8
- Impact of Molecular Structure on Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Aliphatic Carbonyls C. Liang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c00793
- Quantification of primary and secondary organic aerosol sources by combined factor analysis of extractive electrospray ionisation and aerosol mass spectrometer measurements (EESI-TOF and AMS) Y. Tong et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-7265-2022
- Online detection of airborne nanoparticle composition with mass spectrometry: Recent advances, challenges, and opportunities X. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2023.117195
- Influence of Relative Humidity and Seed Particles on Molecular Composition of α-Pinene Secondary Organic Aerosol J. Top et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00064
- Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from the OH Oxidation of Phenol, Catechol, Styrene, Furfural, and Methyl Furfural M. Schueneman et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.3c00361
- Sensitivity Constraints of Extractive Electrospray for a Model System and Secondary Organic Aerosol D. Bell et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00441
- High-frequency gaseous and particulate chemical characterization using extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (Dual-Phase-EESI-TOF) C. Lee et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-3747-2022
- Emission and Formation of Aircraft Engine Oil Ultrafine Particles Z. Decker et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00184
- Iron-Containing Seed Particles Enhance α-Pinene Secondary Organic Aerosol Mass Concentration and Dimer Formation N. Garner et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c07626
- Composition and Sources of Organic Aerosol in Two Megacities in Western China Using Complementary Mass Spectrometric and Statistical Techniques T. Cui et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00051
- Characterization of the newly designed wall-free particle evaporator (WALL-E) for online measurements of atmospheric particles L. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-5087-2025
- Practical Applications of Secondary/Extractive Electrospray Ionization (SESI): A Versatile Tool for Real‐Time Chemical Analysis X. Luo et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/mas.21938
- Impact of Molecular Structure on the OH-Initiated Oxidation Mechanism of 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol and Resulting Aerosol Formation T. Melles et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.5c00244
- Molecular Understanding of the Enhancement in Organic Aerosol Mass at High Relative Humidity M. Surdu et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c04587
- A multi-instrumental approach for calibrating real-time mass spectrometers using high-performance liquid chromatography and positive matrix factorization M. Schueneman et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-2-59-2024
- Effects of Relative Humidity on Time-Resolved Molecular Characterization of Secondary Organic Aerosols from the OH-Initiated Oxidation of Cresol in the Presence of NOx C. Carstens et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c08215
- Ubiquity of Aviation Ultrafine Particles and Lubrication Oil Compounds Near Zurich Airport S. Tinorua et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c18458
- Characteristics of oxygenated volatile organic compounds in Zurich, Switzerland: Sources, composition, and implication for secondary aerosol formation L. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143686
- Chemical composition and sources of organic aerosol on the Adriatic coast in Croatia R. Casotto et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2022.100159
- Time-Resolved Molecular Characterization of Secondary Organic Aerosol Formed from OH and NO3Radical Initiated Oxidation of a Mixture of Aromatic Precursors V. Kumar et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c00225
- Pre-existing particle composition controls the initial viscosity and aging of α-pinene-derived secondary organic aerosol K. Kolozsvari et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D6EA00006A
- Influence of open ocean biogeochemistry on aerosol and clouds: Recent findings and perspectives K. Sellegri et al. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2023.00058
- Chemical characterization of organic vapors from wood, straw, cow dung, and coal burning T. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2707-2025
28 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Secondary Organic Aerosol Yields from NO3 Oxidation of Phenolic, Aromatic, and Heterocyclic VOCs: Implications for Biomass Burning Plumes M. Schueneman et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00332
- Highly time-resolved chemical speciation and source apportionment of organic aerosol components in Delhi, India, using extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry V. Kumar et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7739-2022
- Estimation of the Volatility and Apparent Activity Coefficient of Levoglucosan in Wood-Burning Organic Aerosols J. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00608
- Particle-phase processing of α-pinene NO3 secondary organic aerosol in the dark D. Bell et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13167-2022
- Atmospheric Organic Nitrates: Formation Mechanism, Measurement Advances, and Implications for Secondary Pollutant Formation and Climate Change Y. Qing et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40726-026-00415-8
- Impact of Molecular Structure on Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Aliphatic Carbonyls C. Liang et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c00793
- Quantification of primary and secondary organic aerosol sources by combined factor analysis of extractive electrospray ionisation and aerosol mass spectrometer measurements (EESI-TOF and AMS) Y. Tong et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-7265-2022
- Online detection of airborne nanoparticle composition with mass spectrometry: Recent advances, challenges, and opportunities X. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2023.117195
- Influence of Relative Humidity and Seed Particles on Molecular Composition of α-Pinene Secondary Organic Aerosol J. Top et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00064
- Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from the OH Oxidation of Phenol, Catechol, Styrene, Furfural, and Methyl Furfural M. Schueneman et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.3c00361
- Sensitivity Constraints of Extractive Electrospray for a Model System and Secondary Organic Aerosol D. Bell et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00441
- High-frequency gaseous and particulate chemical characterization using extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (Dual-Phase-EESI-TOF) C. Lee et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-3747-2022
- Emission and Formation of Aircraft Engine Oil Ultrafine Particles Z. Decker et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00184
- Iron-Containing Seed Particles Enhance α-Pinene Secondary Organic Aerosol Mass Concentration and Dimer Formation N. Garner et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c07626
- Composition and Sources of Organic Aerosol in Two Megacities in Western China Using Complementary Mass Spectrometric and Statistical Techniques T. Cui et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.4c00051
- Characterization of the newly designed wall-free particle evaporator (WALL-E) for online measurements of atmospheric particles L. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-5087-2025
- Practical Applications of Secondary/Extractive Electrospray Ionization (SESI): A Versatile Tool for Real‐Time Chemical Analysis X. Luo et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/mas.21938
- Impact of Molecular Structure on the OH-Initiated Oxidation Mechanism of 2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol and Resulting Aerosol Formation T. Melles et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.5c00244
- Molecular Understanding of the Enhancement in Organic Aerosol Mass at High Relative Humidity M. Surdu et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c04587
- A multi-instrumental approach for calibrating real-time mass spectrometers using high-performance liquid chromatography and positive matrix factorization M. Schueneman et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-2-59-2024
- Effects of Relative Humidity on Time-Resolved Molecular Characterization of Secondary Organic Aerosols from the OH-Initiated Oxidation of Cresol in the Presence of NOx C. Carstens et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c08215
- Ubiquity of Aviation Ultrafine Particles and Lubrication Oil Compounds Near Zurich Airport S. Tinorua et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c18458
- Characteristics of oxygenated volatile organic compounds in Zurich, Switzerland: Sources, composition, and implication for secondary aerosol formation L. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143686
- Chemical composition and sources of organic aerosol on the Adriatic coast in Croatia R. Casotto et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2022.100159
- Time-Resolved Molecular Characterization of Secondary Organic Aerosol Formed from OH and NO3Radical Initiated Oxidation of a Mixture of Aromatic Precursors V. Kumar et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c00225
- Pre-existing particle composition controls the initial viscosity and aging of α-pinene-derived secondary organic aerosol K. Kolozsvari et al. https://doi.org/10.1039/D6EA00006A
- Influence of open ocean biogeochemistry on aerosol and clouds: Recent findings and perspectives K. Sellegri et al. https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2023.00058
- Chemical characterization of organic vapors from wood, straw, cow dung, and coal burning T. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-2707-2025
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 13 Jun 2026
Short summary
To understand the sources and fate of particulate matter in the atmosphere, the ability to quantitatively describe its chemical composition is essential. In this work, we developed a calibration method for a state-of-the-art measurement technique without the need for chemical standards. Statistical analyses identified the driving factors behind instrument sensitivity variability towards individual components of particulate matter.
To understand the sources and fate of particulate matter in the atmosphere, the ability to...
