Articles | Volume 15, issue 17
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5007-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5007-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Characterization of a modified printed optical particle spectrometer for high-frequency and high-precision laboratory and field measurements
Sabin Kasparoglu
Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, NC State
University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8208, USA
Mohammad Maksimul Islam
Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, NC State
University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8208, USA
Nicholas Meskhidze
Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, NC State
University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8208, USA
Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, NC State
University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8208, USA
Related authors
Markus D. Petters, Tyas Pujiastuti, Ajmal Rasheeda Satheesh, Sabin Kasparoglu, Bethany Sutherland, and Nicholas Meskhidze
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 745–762, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-745-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-745-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This work introduces a new method that uses remote sensing techniques to obtain surface number emissions of particles with a diameter greater than 500 nm. The technique was applied to study particle emissions at an urban site near Houston, TX, USA. The emissions followed a diurnal pattern and peaked near noon local time. The daily averaged emissions correlated with wind speed. The source is likely due to wind-driven erosion of material situated on asphalted and other hard surfaces.
Sabin Kasparoglu, Ying Li, Manabu Shiraiwa, and Markus D. Petters
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1127–1141, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1127-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1127-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Viscosity is important because it determines the lifetime, impact, and fate of particulate matter. We collected new data to rigorously test a framework that is used to constrain the phase state in global simulations. We find that the framework is accurate as long as appropriate compound specific inputs are available.
Paul J. DeMott, Jessica A. Mirrielees, Sarah Suda Petters, Daniel J. Cziczo, Markus D. Petters, Heinz G. Bingemer, Thomas C. J. Hill, Karl Froyd, Sarvesh Garimella, A. Gannet Hallar, Ezra J. T. Levin, Ian B. McCubbin, Anne E. Perring, Christopher N. Rapp, Thea Schiebel, Jann Schrod, Kaitlyn J. Suski, Daniel Weber, Martin J. Wolf, Maria Zawadowicz, Jake Zenker, Ottmar Möhler, and Sarah D. Brooks
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 639–672, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-639-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-639-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
The Fifth International Ice Nucleation Workshop Phase 3 (FIN-03) compared the ambient atmospheric performance of ice-nucleating particle (INP) measuring systems and explored general methods for discerning atmospheric INP compositions. Mirroring laboratory results, INP concentrations agreed within 5–10 factors. Measurements of total aerosol properties and investigations of INP compositions supported a dominant role of soil and plant organic aerosol elements as INPs during the study.
Markus D. Petters, Tyas Pujiastuti, Ajmal Rasheeda Satheesh, Sabin Kasparoglu, Bethany Sutherland, and Nicholas Meskhidze
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 745–762, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-745-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-745-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This work introduces a new method that uses remote sensing techniques to obtain surface number emissions of particles with a diameter greater than 500 nm. The technique was applied to study particle emissions at an urban site near Houston, TX, USA. The emissions followed a diurnal pattern and peaked near noon local time. The daily averaged emissions correlated with wind speed. The source is likely due to wind-driven erosion of material situated on asphalted and other hard surfaces.
Markus D. Petters
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 7909–7928, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-7909-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-7909-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Inverse methods infer physical properties from a measured instrument response. Measurement noise often interferes with the inversion. This work presents a general, domain-independent, accessible, and computationally efficient software implementation of a common class of statistical inversion methods. In addition, a new method to invert data from humidified tandem differential mobility analyzers is introduced. Results show that the approach is suitable for inversion of large-scale datasets.
Sabin Kasparoglu, Ying Li, Manabu Shiraiwa, and Markus D. Petters
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1127–1141, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1127-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1127-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Viscosity is important because it determines the lifetime, impact, and fate of particulate matter. We collected new data to rigorously test a framework that is used to constrain the phase state in global simulations. We find that the framework is accurate as long as appropriate compound specific inputs are available.
Cited articles
Andrews, J. R.: Low-Pass Risetime Filters for Time Domain Applications,
Piscosecond Pulse Labs, Boulder, CO, 1–6, 1999.
Bi, L., Lin, W., Wang, Z., Tang, X., Zhang, X., and Yi, B.: Optical Modeling
of Sea Salt Aerosols: The Effects of Nonsphericity and Inhomogeneity, J.
Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 123, 543–558,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027869, 2018.
Bodurov, I., Vlaeva, I., Viraneva, A., and Yovcheva, T.: Discrimination of
sweeteners based on the refractometric analysis, J. Phys. Conf. Ser., 794,
012033, https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/794/1/012033, 2017.
Boedicker, E. K., Emerson, E. W., McMeeking, G. R., Patel, S., Vance, M. E.,
and Farmer, D. K.: Fates and spatial variations of accumulation mode
particles in a multi-zone indoor environment during the HOMEChem campaign,
Environ. Sci. Process. Impacts, 23, 1029–1039,
https://doi.org/10.1039/D1EM00087J, 2021.
Bond, T. C. and Bergstrom, R. W.: Light Absorption by Carbonaceous
Particles: An Investigative Review, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 40, 27–67,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820500421521, 2006.
Brock, C. A., Williamson, C., Kupc, A., Froyd, K. D., Erdesz, F., Wagner, N., Richardson, M., Schwarz, J. P., Gao, R.-S., Katich, J. M., Campuzano-Jost, P., Nault, B. A., Schroder, J. C., Jimenez, J. L., Weinzierl, B., Dollner, M., Bui, T., and Murphy, D. M.: Aerosol size distributions during the Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom): methods, uncertainties, and data products, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 3081–3099, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-3081-2019, 2019.
Burkart, J., Steiner, G., Reischl, G., Moshammer, H., Neuberger, M., and
Hitzenberger, R.: Characterizing the performance of two optical particle
counters (Grimm OPC1.108 and OPC1.109) under urban aerosol conditions, J.
Aerosol Sci., 41, 953–962, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2010.07.007,
2010.
Cai, Y., Montague, D. C., Mooiweer-Bryan, W., and Deshler, T.: Performance
characteristics of the ultra high sensitivity aerosol spectrometer for
particles between 55 and 800 nm: Laboratory and field studies, J. Aerosol
Sci., 39, 759–769, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2008.04.007, 2008.
Collins, A. M., Dick, W. D., and Romay, F. J.: A New Coincidence Correction
Method for Condensation Particle Counters, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 47,
177–182, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2012.737049, 2013.
Creamean, J. M., de Boer, G., Telg, H., Mei, F., Dexheimer, D., Shupe, M. D., Solomon, A., and McComiskey, A.: Assessing the vertical structure of Arctic aerosols using balloon-borne measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1737–1757, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1737-2021, 2021.
de Boer, G., Palo, S., Argrow, B., LoDolce, G., Mack, J., Gao, R.-S., Telg, H., Trussel, C., Fromm, J., Long, C. N., Bland, G., Maslanik, J., Schmid, B., and Hock, T.: The Pilatus unmanned aircraft system for lower atmospheric research, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 1845–1857, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-1845-2016, 2016.
de Boer, G., Ivey, M., Schmid, B., Lawrence, D., Dexheimer, D., Mei, F.,
Hubbe, J., Bendure, A., Hardesty, J., Shupe, M. D., McComiskey, A., Telg,
H., Schmitt, C., Matrosov, S. Y., Brooks, I., Creamean, J., Solomon, A.,
Turner, D. D., Williams, C., Maahn, M., Argrow, B., Palo, S., Long, C. N.,
Gao, R.-S., and Mather, J.: A Bird's-Eye View: Development of an Operational
ARM Unmanned Aerial Capability for Atmospheric Research in Arctic Alaska,
B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 99, 1197–1212,
https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0156.1, 2018.
Emerson, E. W., Katich, J. M., Schwarz, J. P., McMeeking, G. R., and Farmer,
D. K.: Direct Measurements of Dry and Wet Deposition of Black Carbon Over a
Grassland, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 123, 12277–12290,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD028954, 2018.
Enroth, J., Kangasluoma, J., Korhonen, F., Hering, S., Picard, D., Lewis,
G., Attoui, M., and Petäjä, T.: On the time response determination
of condensation particle counters, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 52, 778–787,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2018.1460458, 2018.
Farmer, D. K., Kimmel, J. R., Phillips, G., Docherty, K. S., Worsnop, D. R., Sueper, D., Nemitz, E., and Jimenez, J. L.: Eddy covariance measurements with high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometry: a new approach to chemically resolved aerosol fluxes, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 4, 1275–1289, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-4-1275-2011, 2011.
Flagan, R. C.: Continuous-Flow Differential Mobility Analysis of
Nanoparticles and Biomolecules, Annu. Rev. Chem. Biomol. Eng., 5, 255–279,
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-061312-103316, 2014.
Flores, J. M., Washenfelder, R. A., Adler, G., Lee, H. J., Segev, L.,
Laskin, J., Laskin, A., Nizkorodov, S. A., Brown, S. S., and Rudich, Y.:
Complex refractive indices in the near-ultraviolet spectral region of
biogenic secondary organic aerosol aged with ammonia, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.,
16, 10629–10642, https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CP01009D, 2014.
Gao, R. S., Telg, H., McLaughlin, R. J., Ciciora, S. J., Watts, L. A.,
Richardson, M. S., Schwarz, J. P., Perring, A. E., Thornberry, T. D.,
Rollins, A. W., Markovic, M. Z., Bates, T. S., Johnson, J. E., and Fahey, D.
W.: A light-weight, high-sensitivity particle spectrometer for PM2.5 aerosol
measurements, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 50, 88–99,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2015.1131809, 2016.
Hand, J. L. and Kreidenweis, S. M.: A New Method for Retrieving Particle
Refractive Index and Effective Density from Aerosol Size Distribution Data,
Aerosol Sci. Technol., 36, 1012–1026,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820290092276, 2002.
He, Q., Bluvshtein, N., Segev, L., Meidan, D., Flores, J. M., Brown, S. S.,
Brune, W., and Rudich, Y.: Evolution of the Complex Refractive Index of
Secondary Organic Aerosols during Atmospheric Aging, Environ. Sci. Technol.,
52, 3456–3465, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b05742, 2018.
Hinds, W. C.: Aerosol Technology: Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of
Airborne Particles, 2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons, 1999.
Janzen, J.: The refractive index of colloidal carbon, J. Coll. Interf.
Sci., 69, 436–447, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9797(79)90133-4, 1979.
Kasparoglu, S., Li, Y., Shiraiwa, M., and Petters, M. D.: Toward closure between predicted and observed particle viscosity over a wide range of temperatures and relative humidity, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 1127–1141, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-1127-2021, 2021.
Kasparoglu, S., Islam, M. M., Meskhidze, N., and Petters, M. D.: Dataset for
“Characterization of a modified printed optical particle spectrometer for
high-frequency and high-precision laboratory and field measurements,” Zenodo [data set],
https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.7011077, 2022a.
Kasparoglu, S., Wright, T. P., and Petters, M. D.: Open-hardware design and
characterization of an electrostatic aerosol precipitator, HardwareX, 11,
e00266, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2022.e00266, 2022b.
Kezoudi, M., Keleshis, C., Antoniou, P., Biskos, G., Bronz, M.,
Constantinides, C., Desservettaz, M., Gao, R.-S., Girdwood, J., Harnetiaux,
J., Kandler, K., Leonidou, A., Liu, Y., Lelieveld, J., Marenco, F.,
Mihalopoulos, N., Močnik, G., Neitola, K., Paris, J.-D., Pikridas, M.,
Sarda-Esteve, R., Stopford, C., Unga, F., Vrekoussis, M., and Sciare, J.:
The Unmanned Systems Research Laboratory (USRL): A New Facility for
UAV-Based Atmospheric Observations, Atmos., 12, 1042,
https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12081042, 2021.
Kiselev, A., Wex, H., Stratmann, F., Nadeev, A., and Karpushenko, D.:
White-light optical particle spectrometer for in situ measurements of
condensational growth of aerosol particles, Appl. Opt., 44, 4693–4701,
https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.44.004693, 2005.
Kulkarni, G., Hiranuma, N., Möhler, O., Höhler, K., China, S., Cziczo, D. J., and DeMott, P. J.: A new method for operating a continuous-flow diffusion chamber to investigate immersion freezing: assessment and performance study, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 6631–6643, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6631-2020, 2020.
Liu, S., Liu, C.-C., Froyd, K. D., Schill, G. P., Murphy, D. M., Bui, T. P.,
Dean-Day, J. M., Weinzierl, B., Dollner, M., Diskin, G. S., Chen, G., and
Gao, R.-S.: Sea spray aerosol concentration modulated by sea surface
temperature, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 118, e2020583118,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020583118, 2021.
Mackowski, D. W.: Calculation of total cross sections of multiple-sphere
clusters, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 11, 2851–2861,
https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.11.002851, 1994.
Marsh, A., Petters, S. S., Rothfuss, N. E., Rovelli, G., Song, Y. C., Reid,
J. P., and Petters, M. D.: Amorphous phase state diagrams and viscosity of
ternary aqueous organic/organic and inorganic/organic mixtures, Phys. Chem.
Chem. Phys., 20, 15086–15097, https://doi.org/10.1039/C8CP00760H, 2018.
Mascaut, F., Pujol, O., Verreyken, B., Peroni, R., Metzger, J. M., Blarel,
L., Podvin, T., Goloub, P., Sellegri, K., Thornberry, T., Duflot, V., Tulet,
P., and Brioude, J.: Aerosol characterization in an oceanic context around
Reunion Island (AEROMARINE field campaign), Atmos. Environ., 268, 118770,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118770, 2022.
Mei, F., McMeeking, G., Pekour, M., Gao, R.-S., Kulkarni, G., China, S.,
Telg, H., Dexheimer, D., Tomlinson, J., and Schmid, B.: Performance
Assessment of Portable Optical Particle Spectrometer (POPS), Sensors, 20,
6294, https://doi.org/10.3390/s20216294, 2020.
Mico, S., Deda, A., Tsaousi, E., Alushllari, M., and Pomonis, P.: Complex
refractive index of aerosol samples, WOMEN IN PHYSICS: 6th IUPAP
International Conference on Women in Physics, Birmingham, UK, 060002,
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5110120, 2019.
Mishchenko, M. I.: Light scattering by randomly oriented axially symmetric
particles, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 8, 871–882,
https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.8.000871, 1991.
Mishchenko, M. I. and Mackowski, D. W.: Light scattering by randomly
oriented bispheres, Opt. Lett., 19, 1604–1606,
https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.19.001604, 1994.
Möhler, O., Adams, M., Lacher, L., Vogel, F., Nadolny, J., Ullrich, R., Boffo, C., Pfeuffer, T., Hobl, A., Weiß, M., Vepuri, H. S. K., Hiranuma, N., and Murray, B. J.: The Portable Ice Nucleation Experiment (PINE): a new online instrument for laboratory studies and automated long-term field observations of ice-nucleating particles, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 1143–1166, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-1143-2021, 2021.
Moise, T., Flores, J. M., and Rudich, Y.: Optical Properties of Secondary
Organic Aerosols and Their Changes by Chemical Processes, Chem. Rev., 115,
4400–4439, https://doi.org/10.1021/cr5005259, 2015.
Moore, R. H., Wiggins, E. B., Ahern, A. T., Zimmerman, S., Montgomery, L., Campuzano Jost, P., Robinson, C. E., Ziemba, L. D., Winstead, E. L., Anderson, B. E., Brock, C. A., Brown, M. D., Chen, G., Crosbie, E. C., Guo, H., Jimenez, J. L., Jordan, C. E., Lyu, M., Nault, B. A., Rothfuss, N. E., Sanchez, K. J., Schueneman, M., Shingler, T. J., Shook, M. A., Thornhill, K. L., Wagner, N. L., and Wang, J.: Sizing response of the Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer (UHSAS) and Laser Aerosol Spectrometer (LAS) to changes in submicron aerosol composition and refractive index, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 4517–4542, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-4517-2021, 2021.
Nakayama, T., Sato, K., Matsumi, Y., Imamura, T., Yamazaki, A., and
Uchiyama, A.: Wavelength Dependence of Refractive Index of Secondary Organic
Aerosols Generated during the Ozonolysis and Photooxidation of α-Pinene, SOLA, 8, 119–123, https://doi.org/10.2151/sola.2012-030, 2012.
Park, K., Dutcher, D., Emery, M., Pagels, J., Sakurai, H., Scheckman, J.,
Qian, S., Stolzenburg, M. R., Wang, X., Yang, J., and McMurry, P. H.: Tandem
Measurements of Aerosol Properties – A Review of Mobility Techniques with
Extensions, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 42, 801–816,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820802339561, 2008.
Petters, M. D.: A language to simplify computation of differential mobility
analyzer response functions, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 52, 1437–1451,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2018.1530724, 2018.
Pluchino, A. B., Goldberg, S. S., Dowling, J. M., and Randall, C. M.:
Refractive-index measurements of single micron-sized carbon particles, Appl.
Opt., 19, 3370, https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.19.003370, 1980.
Pöschl, U.: Atmospheric Aerosols: Composition, Transformation, Climate
and Health Effects, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 44, 7520–7540,
https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200501122, 2005.
Power, R. M., Simpson, S. H., Reid, J. P., and Hudson, A. J.: The transition
from liquid to solid-like behaviour in ultrahigh viscosity aerosol
particles, Chem. Sci., 4, 2597–2604, https://doi.org/10.1039/C3SC50682G,
2013.
Quinten, M., Friehmelt, R., and Ebert, K.-F.: SIZING OF AGGREGATES OF
SPHERES BY A WHITE-LIGHT OPTICAL PARTICLE COUNTER WITH 90∘
SCATTERING ANGLE, J. Aerosol Sci., 32, 63–72,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-8502(00)00043-4, 2001.
Ranjithkumar, A., Gordon, H., Williamson, C., Rollins, A., Pringle, K., Kupc, A., Abraham, N. L., Brock, C., and Carslaw, K.: Constraints on global aerosol number concentration, SO2 and condensation sink in UKESM1 using ATom measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 4979–5014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-4979-2021, 2021.
Rothfuss, N. E. and Petters, M. D.: Coalescence-based assessment of aerosol
phase state using dimers prepared through a dual-differential mobility
analyzer technique, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 50, 1294–1305,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2016.1221050, 2016.
Rothfuss, N. E., Petters, S. S., Champion, W. M., Grieshop, A. P., and
Petters, M. D.: Characterization of a Dimer Preparation Method for Nanoscale
Organic Aerosol, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 39, 998–1011, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2019.1623379, 2019.
Shepherd, R. H., King, M. D., Marks, A. A., Brough, N., and Ward, A. D.: Determination of the refractive index of insoluble organic extracts from atmospheric aerosol over the visible wavelength range using optical tweezers, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 5235–5252, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-5235-2018, 2018.
Snider, J. R. and Petters, M. D.: Optical particle counter measurement of marine aerosol hygroscopic growth, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 1949–1962, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-1949-2008, 2008.
Sorooshian, A., Hersey, S., Brechtel, F. J., Corless, A., Flagan, R. C., and
Seinfeld, J. H.: Rapid, Size-Resolved Aerosol Hygroscopic Growth
Measurements: Differential Aerosol Sizing and Hygroscopicity Spectrometer
Probe (DASH-SP), Aerosol Sci. Technol., 42, 445–464,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820802178506, 2008.
S.Petters, S. S., Kreidenweis, S. M., Grieshop, A. P., Ziemann, P. J., and
Petters, M. D.: Temperature- and Humidity-Dependent Phase States of
Secondary Organic Aerosols, Geophys. Res. Lett., 46, 1005–1013,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL080563, 2019.
Stolzenburg, M., Kreisberg, N., and Hering, S.: Atmospheric Size
Distributions Measured by Differential Mobility Optical Particle Size
Spectrometry, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 29, 402–418,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786829808965579, 1998.
Telg, H., Murphy, D. M., Bates, T. S., Johnson, J. E., Quinn, P. K., Giardi,
F., and Gao, R.-S.: A practical set of miniaturized instruments for vertical
profiling of aerosol physical properties, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 51,
715–723, https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2017.1296103, 2017.
Väkevä, M., Hämeri, K., Puhakka, T., Nilsson, E. D., Hohti, H.,
and Mäkelä, J. M.: Effects of meteorological processes on aerosol
particle size distribution in an urban background area, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, 105, 9807–9821, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD901143, 2000.
Washenfelder, R. A., Flores, J. M., Brock, C. A., Brown, S. S., and Rudich, Y.: Broadband measurements of aerosol extinction in the ultraviolet spectral region, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 6, 861–877, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-861-2013, 2013.
Wex, H., Kiselev, A., Ziese, M., and Stratmann, F.: Calibration of LACIS as a CCN detector and its use in measuring activation and hygroscopic growth of atmospheric aerosol particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 4519–4527, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-4519-2006, 2006.
Wex, H., Petters, M. D., Carrico, C. M., Hallbauer, E., Massling, A., McMeeking, G. R., Poulain, L., Wu, Z., Kreidenweis, S. M., and Stratmann, F.: Towards closing the gap between hygroscopic growth and activation for secondary organic aerosol: Part 1 – Evidence from measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 3987–3997, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-3987-2009, 2009.
Wolf, M. J., Zhang, Y., Zawadowicz, M. A., Goodell, M., Froyd, K., Freney,
E., Sellegri, K., Rösch, M., Cui, T., Winter, M., Lacher, L., Axisa, D.,
DeMott, P. J., Levin, E. J. T., Gute, E., Abbatt, J., Koss, A., Kroll, J.
H., Surratt, J. D., and Cziczo, D. J.: A biogenic secondary organic aerosol
source of cirrus ice nucleating particles, Nat. Commun., 11, 4834,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18424-6, 2020.
Wright, T. P., Song, C., Sears, S., and Petters, M. D.: Thermodynamic and
kinetic behavior of glycerol aerosol, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 50, 1385–1396,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2016.1245405, 2016.
Yu, P., Rosenlof, K. H., Liu, S., Telg, H., Thornberry, T. D., Rollins, A.
W., Portmann, R. W., Bai, Z., Ray, E. A., Duan, Y., Pan, L. L., Toon, O. B.,
Bian, J., and Gao, R.-S.: Efficient transport of tropospheric aerosol into
the stratosphere via the Asian summer monsoon anticyclone, P. Natl. Acad.
Sci. USA, 114, 6972–6977, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1701170114, 2017.
Zhang, J., Wu, X., Liu, S., Bai, Z., Xia, X., Chen, B., Zong, X., and Bian,
J.: In situ measurements and backward-trajectory analysis of
high-concentration, fine-mode aerosols in the UTLS over the Tibetan Plateau, Environ. Res. Lett., 14, 124068, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab5a9f, 2019.
Short summary
A modified version of a Handix Scientific printed optical particle spectrometer is introduced. The paper presents characterization experiments, including concentration, size, and time responses. Integration of an external multichannel analyzer card removes counting limitations of the original instrument. It is shown that the high-resolution light-scattering amplitude data can be used to sense particle-phase transitions.
A modified version of a Handix Scientific printed optical particle spectrometer is introduced....