Articles | Volume 16, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-1951-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-1951-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
POLIPHON conversion factors for retrieving dust-related cloud condensation nuclei and ice-nucleating particle concentration profiles at oceanic sites
School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of
Education, Wuhan, China
State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan, China
School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan
University, Wuhan, China
Albert Ansmann
Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
Fuchao Liu
School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of
Education, Wuhan, China
State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan, China
Longlong Wang
School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan
University, Wuhan, China
Dongzhe Jing
School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of
Education, Wuhan, China
State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan, China
Huijia Shen
School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Related authors
Huijia Shen, Zhenping Yin, Yun He, Longlong Wang, Yifan Zhan, and Dongzhe Jing
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1844, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1844, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
With space-borne lidar and radar observations, we study two dust-cirrus interaction cases near Midway Island in the central Pacific. Partial cloud parcels show evident feature of the dominance of heterogeneous nucleation. At the upper troposphere, natural INPs such as dust and smoke may result in cooling effect by increasing the cloud cover to reflect more solar radiation and modulate the cirrus microphysical properties via different ice-nucleating regimes.
Yun He, Zhenping Yin, Fuchao Liu, and Fan Yi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13067–13085, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13067-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13067-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A method is proposed to identify the sole presence of heterogeneous nucleation and competition between heterogeneous and homogeneous nucleation for dust-related cirrus clouds by characterizing the relationship between dust ice-nucleating particle concentration calculated from CALIOP using the POLIPHON method and in-cloud ice crystal number concentration from the DARDAR-Nice dataset. Two typical cirrus cases are shown as a demonstration, and the proposed method can be extended to a global scale.
Yang Yi, Fan Yi, Fuchao Liu, Yunpeng Zhang, Changming Yu, and Yun He
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17649–17664, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17649-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17649-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Our lidar observations reveal the complete microphysical process of hydrometeors falling from mid-level stratiform clouds. We find that the surface rainfall begins as supercooled mixed-phase hydrometeors fall out of a liquid parent cloud base. We find also that the collision–coalescence growth of precipitating raindrops and subsequent spontaneous breakup always occur around 0.6 km altitude during surface rainfalls. Our findings provide new insights into stratiform precipitation formation.
Yun He, Yunfei Zhang, Fuchao Liu, Zhenping Yin, Yang Yi, Yifan Zhan, and Fan Yi
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 5939–5954, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-5939-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-5939-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The POLIPHON method can retrieve the height profiles of dust-related particle mass and ice-nucleating particle (INP) concentrations. Applying a dust case data set screening scheme based on the lidar-derived depolarization ratio (rather than Ångström exponent for 440–870 nm and AOD at 532 nm), the mixed-dust-related conversion factors are retrieved from sun photometer observations over Wuhan, China. This method may potentially be extended to regions influenced by mixed dust.
Fuchao Liu, Fan Yi, Zhenping Yin, Yunpeng Zhang, Yun He, and Yang Yi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 2981–2998, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2981-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2981-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Using high-resolution lidar measurements, this process-based study reveals that the clear-day convective boundary layer evolves in four distinct stages differing in depth growth rate and depth fluctuation magnitudes. The accompanying entrainment zone thickness (EZT) shows a discrepancy in statistical mean and standard deviation for different seasons and developing stages. Common EZT characteristics also exist. These findings help us understand the atmospheric boundary layer evolution.
Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Albert Ansmann, Kevin Ohneiser, Daniel A. Knopf, Argyro Nisantzi, Johannes Bühl, Ronny Engelmann, Annett Skupin, Patric Seifert, Holger Baars, Dragos Ene, Ulla Wandinger, and Diofantos Hadjimitsis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 14097–14114, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14097-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-14097-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
For the first time, rather clear evidence is found that wildfire smoke particles can trigger strong cirrus formation. This finding is of importance because intensive and large wildfires may occur increasingly often in the future as climate change proceeds. Based on lidar observations in Cyprus in autumn 2020, we provide detailed insight into the cirrus formation at the tropopause in the presence of aged wildfire smoke (here, 8–9 day old Californian wildfire smoke).
Henriette Gebauer, Athena Augusta Floutsi, Moritz Haarig, Martin Radenz, Ronny Engelmann, Dietrich Althausen, Annett Skupin, Albert Ansmann, Cordula Zenk, and Holger Baars
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2305, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2305, 2023
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
Sulfate aerosol from the volcanic eruption at Las Palmas in 2021 was observed over Cabo Verde. The impact of the eruption was observable even 1500 km away from the emission source and led to an extraordinary strong pollution in the lowermost atmosphere above Cabo Verde. We characterized the aerosol burden based on lidar and sun photometer observations. We compared the volcanic case to the typical background conditions (reference case) to quantify the volcanic pollution.
Julian Hofer, Patric Seifert, J. Ben Liley, Martin Radenz, Osamu Uchino, Isamu Morino, Tetsu Sakai, Tomohiro Nagai, and Albert Ansmann
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2173, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2173, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
An 11-year dataset of polarization lidar observations from Lauder NZ was used to distinguish the thermodynamic phase of natural clouds (ice/liquid). The cloud dataset was separated to assess the impact of air mass origin on the frequency of heterogeneous ice formation. Ice-formation efficiency in clouds above Lauder was found to be lower than in the polluted mid-latitudes of the northern hemisphere, but higher than in very clean and pristine environments, such as Punta Arenas in Southern Chile.
Albert Ansmann, Kevin Ohneiser, Ronny Engelmann, Martin Radenz, Hannes Griesche, Julian Hofer, Dietrich Althausen, Jessie M. Creamean, Matthew C. Boyer, Daniel A. Knopf, Sandro Dahlke, Marion Maturilli, Henriette Gebauer, Johannes Bühl, Cristofer Jimenez, Patric Seifert, and Ulla Wandinger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 12821–12849, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12821-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12821-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The 1-year MOSAiC (2019–2020) expedition with the German ice breaker Polarstern was the largest polar field campaign ever conducted. The Polarstern, with our lidar aboard, drifted with the pack ice north of 85° N for more than 7 months (October 2019 to mid-May 2020). We measured the full annual cycle of aerosol conditions in terms of aerosol optical and cloud-process-relevant properties. We observed a strong contrast between polluted winter and clean summer aerosol conditions.
Longlong Wang, Zhenping Yin, Zhichao Bu, Anzhou Wang, Song Mao, Yang Yi, Detlef Müller, Yubao Chen, and Xuan Wang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 4307–4318, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4307-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4307-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We report the lidar inter-comparison results with a reference lidar at 1064 nm, in order to homogenize the signals provided by different lidar systems for establishing a lidar network in China. The profiles of relative deviation of lidar signals are less than 5 % within 500–2000 m and 10 % within 2000–5000 m, increasing confidence in the reliability of the signals provided by each lidar system in the channels at 1064 nm for a future lidar network in China.
Sofía Gómez Maqueo Anaya, Dietrich Althausen, Matthias Faust, Holger Baars, Bernd Heinold, Julian Hofer, Ina Tegen, Albert Ansmann, Ronny Engelmann, Annett Skupin, Birgit Heese, and Kerstin Schepanski
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1558, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1558, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Mineral dust aerosol particles vary greatly in their composition depending on source region, which leads to different physicochemical properties. Most atmosphere-aerosol models consider mineral dust aerosols as compositionally homogenous, which ultimately increases model uncertainty. Here, we present an approach to explicitly consider the heterogeneity of the mineralogical composition for simulations of the Saharan atmospheric dust cycle with regard to the dust transport towards the Atlantic.
Huijia Shen, Zhenping Yin, Yun He, Longlong Wang, Yifan Zhan, and Dongzhe Jing
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1844, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1844, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
With space-borne lidar and radar observations, we study two dust-cirrus interaction cases near Midway Island in the central Pacific. Partial cloud parcels show evident feature of the dominance of heterogeneous nucleation. At the upper troposphere, natural INPs such as dust and smoke may result in cooling effect by increasing the cloud cover to reflect more solar radiation and modulate the cirrus microphysical properties via different ice-nucleating regimes.
Ulla Wandinger, Athena Augusta Floutsi, Holger Baars, Moritz Haarig, Albert Ansmann, Anja Hünerbein, Nicole Docter, David Donovan, Gerd-Jan van Zadelhoff, Shannon Mason, and Jason Cole
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 2485–2510, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2485-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2485-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We introduce an aerosol classification model that has been developed for the Earth Clouds, Aerosols and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE). The model provides a consistent description of microphysical, optical, and radiative properties of common aerosol types such as dust, sea salt, pollution, and smoke. It is used for aerosol classification and assessment of radiation effects based on the synergy of active and passive observations with lidar, imager, and radiometer of the multi-instrument platform.
Athena Augusta Floutsi, Holger Baars, Ronny Engelmann, Dietrich Althausen, Albert Ansmann, Stephanie Bohlmann, Birgit Heese, Julian Hofer, Thomas Kanitz, Moritz Haarig, Kevin Ohneiser, Martin Radenz, Patric Seifert, Annett Skupin, Zhenping Yin, Sabur F. Abdullaev, Mika Komppula, Maria Filioglou, Elina Giannakaki, Iwona S. Stachlewska, Lucja Janicka, Daniele Bortoli, Eleni Marinou, Vassilis Amiridis, Anna Gialitaki, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Boris Barja, and Ulla Wandinger
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 2353–2379, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2353-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2353-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
DeLiAn is a collection of lidar-derived aerosol intensive optical properties for several aerosol types, namely the particle linear depolarization ratio, the extinction-to-backscatter ratio (lidar ratio) and the Ångström exponent. The data collection is based on globally distributed, long-term, ground-based, multiwavelength, Raman and polarization lidar measurements and currently covers two wavelengths, 355 and 532 nm, for 13 aerosol categories ranging from basic aerosol types to mixtures.
Kevin Ohneiser, Albert Ansmann, Jonas Witthuhn, Hartwig Deneke, Alexandra Chudnovsky, Gregor Walter, and Fabian Senf
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 2901–2925, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2901-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2901-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study shows that smoke layers can reach the tropopause via the self-lofting effect within 3–7 d in the absence of pyrocumulonimbus convection if the
aerosol optical thickness is larger than approximately 2 for a longer time period. When reaching the stratosphere, wildfire smoke can sensitively influence the stratospheric composition on a hemispheric scale and thus can affect the Earth’s climate and the ozone layer.
Yun He, Zhenping Yin, Fuchao Liu, and Fan Yi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13067–13085, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13067-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13067-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A method is proposed to identify the sole presence of heterogeneous nucleation and competition between heterogeneous and homogeneous nucleation for dust-related cirrus clouds by characterizing the relationship between dust ice-nucleating particle concentration calculated from CALIOP using the POLIPHON method and in-cloud ice crystal number concentration from the DARDAR-Nice dataset. Two typical cirrus cases are shown as a demonstration, and the proposed method can be extended to a global scale.
Albert Ansmann, Kevin Ohneiser, Alexandra Chudnovsky, Daniel A. Knopf, Edwin W. Eloranta, Diego Villanueva, Patric Seifert, Martin Radenz, Boris Barja, Félix Zamorano, Cristofer Jimenez, Ronny Engelmann, Holger Baars, Hannes Griesche, Julian Hofer, Dietrich Althausen, and Ulla Wandinger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 11701–11726, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11701-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11701-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
For the first time we present a systematic study on the impact of wildfire smoke on ozone depletion in the Arctic (2020) and Antarctic stratosphere (2020, 2021). Two major fire events in Siberia and Australia were responsible for the observed record-breaking stratospheric smoke pollution. Our analyses were based on lidar observations of smoke parameters (Polarstern, Punta Arenas) and NDACC Arctic and Antarctic ozone profiles as well as on Antarctic OMI satellite observations of column ozone.
Xianda Gong, Martin Radenz, Heike Wex, Patric Seifert, Farnoush Ataei, Silvia Henning, Holger Baars, Boris Barja, Albert Ansmann, and Frank Stratmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 10505–10525, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10505-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10505-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The sources of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) are poorly understood in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). We studied INPs in the boundary layer in the southern Patagonia region. No seasonal cycle of INP concentrations was observed. The majority of INPs are biogenic particles, likely from local continental sources. The INP concentrations are higher when strong precipitation occurs. While previous studies focused on marine INP sources in SH, we point out the importance of continental sources of INPs.
Kevin Ohneiser, Albert Ansmann, Bernd Kaifler, Alexandra Chudnovsky, Boris Barja, Daniel A. Knopf, Natalie Kaifler, Holger Baars, Patric Seifert, Diego Villanueva, Cristofer Jimenez, Martin Radenz, Ronny Engelmann, Igor Veselovskii, and Félix Zamorano
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 7417–7442, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7417-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7417-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present and discuss 2 years of long-term lidar observations of the largest stratospheric perturbation by wildfire smoke ever observed. The smoke originated from the record-breaking Australian fires in 2019–2020 and affects climate conditions and even the ozone layer in the Southern Hemisphere. The obvious link between dense smoke occurrence in the stratosphere and strong ozone depletion found in the Arctic and in the Antarctic in 2020 can be regarded as a new aspect of climate change.
Goutam Choudhury, Albert Ansmann, and Matthias Tesche
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 7143–7161, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7143-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7143-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Lidars provide height-resolved type-specific aerosol properties and are key in studying vertically collocated aerosols and clouds. In this study, we compare the aerosol number concentrations derived from spaceborne lidar with the in situ flight measurements. Our results show a reasonable agreement between both datasets. Such an agreement has not been achieved yet. It shows the potential of spaceborne lidar in studying aerosol–cloud interactions, which is needed to improve our climate forecasts.
Igor Veselovskii, Qiaoyun Hu, Albert Ansmann, Philippe Goloub, Thierry Podvin, and Mikhail Korenskiy
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 5209–5221, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5209-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-5209-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A remote sensing method based on fluorescence lidar measurements can detect and quantify the smoke content in the upper troposphere and inside cirrus clouds. Based on two case studies, we demonstrate that the fluorescence lidar technique provides the possibility to estimate the smoke surface area concentration within freshly formed cirrus layers. This value was used in a smoke ice nucleating particle parameterization scheme to predict ice crystal number concentrations in cirrus generation cells.
Michaël Sicard, Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero, María-Ángeles López-Cayuela, Albert Ansmann, Adolfo Comerón, María-Paz Zorzano, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, and Constantino Muñoz-Porcar
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 1921–1937, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1921-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-1921-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper completes the companion paper of Córdoba-Jabonero et al. (2021). We estimate the total direct radiative effect produced by mineral dust particles during the June 2019 mega-heatwave at two sites in Spain and Germany. The results show that the dust particles in the atmosphere contribute to cooling the surface (less radiation reaches the surface) and that the heatwave (parametrized by high surface and air temperatures) contributes to reducing this cooling.
Moritz Haarig, Albert Ansmann, Ronny Engelmann, Holger Baars, Carlos Toledano, Benjamin Torres, Dietrich Althausen, Martin Radenz, and Ulla Wandinger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 355–369, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-355-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-355-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The irregular shape of dust particles makes it difficult to treat them correctly in optical models. Atmospheric measurements of dust optical properties are therefore of great importance. The present study increases the space of observed parameters from 355 and 532 nm towards 1064 nm, which is of special importance for large dust particles. The lidar ratio influenced by mineralogy and the depolarization ratio influenced by shape are measured for the first time at all three wavelengths.
Martin Radenz, Johannes Bühl, Patric Seifert, Holger Baars, Ronny Engelmann, Boris Barja González, Rodanthi-Elisabeth Mamouri, Félix Zamorano, and Albert Ansmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17969–17994, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17969-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17969-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study brings together long-term ground-based remote-sensing observations of mixed-phase clouds at three key locations of aerosol–cloud interactions in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere midlatitudes. The findings contribute several new aspects on the nature of the excess of supercooled liquid clouds in the Southern Hemisphere, such as a long-term lidar-based estimate of ice-nucleating particle profiles as well as the effects of boundary layer coupling and gravity waves on ice formation.
Yang Yi, Fan Yi, Fuchao Liu, Yunpeng Zhang, Changming Yu, and Yun He
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17649–17664, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17649-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17649-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Our lidar observations reveal the complete microphysical process of hydrometeors falling from mid-level stratiform clouds. We find that the surface rainfall begins as supercooled mixed-phase hydrometeors fall out of a liquid parent cloud base. We find also that the collision–coalescence growth of precipitating raindrops and subsequent spontaneous breakup always occur around 0.6 km altitude during surface rainfalls. Our findings provide new insights into stratiform precipitation formation.
Sebastian Düsing, Albert Ansmann, Holger Baars, Joel C. Corbin, Cyrielle Denjean, Martin Gysel-Beer, Thomas Müller, Laurent Poulain, Holger Siebert, Gerald Spindler, Thomas Tuch, Birgit Wehner, and Alfred Wiedensohler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16745–16773, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16745-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16745-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The work deals with optical properties of aerosol particles in dried and atmospheric states. Based on two measurement campaigns in the rural background of central Europe, different measurement approaches were compared with each other, such as modeling based on Mie theory and direct in situ or remote sensing measurements. Among others, it was shown that the aerosol extinction-to-backscatter ratio is relative humidity dependent, and refinement with respect to the model input parameters is needed.
Kevin Ohneiser, Albert Ansmann, Alexandra Chudnovsky, Ronny Engelmann, Christoph Ritter, Igor Veselovskii, Holger Baars, Henriette Gebauer, Hannes Griesche, Martin Radenz, Julian Hofer, Dietrich Althausen, Sandro Dahlke, and Marion Maturilli
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 15783–15808, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15783-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15783-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The highlight of the lidar measurements during the 1-year MOSAiC (Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate) expedition of the German icebreaker Polarstern (October 2019–October 2020) was the detection of a persistent, 10 km deep Siberian wildfire smoke layer in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) from about 7–8 km to 17–18 km height that could potentially have impacted the record-breaking ozone depletion over the Arctic in the spring of 2020.
Ronny Engelmann, Albert Ansmann, Kevin Ohneiser, Hannes Griesche, Martin Radenz, Julian Hofer, Dietrich Althausen, Sandro Dahlke, Marion Maturilli, Igor Veselovskii, Cristofer Jimenez, Robert Wiesen, Holger Baars, Johannes Bühl, Henriette Gebauer, Moritz Haarig, Patric Seifert, Ulla Wandinger, and Andreas Macke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 13397–13423, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13397-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13397-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A Raman lidar was operated aboard the icebreaker Polarstern during MOSAiC and monitored aerosol and cloud layers in the central Arctic up to 30 km height. The article provides an overview of the spectrum of aerosol profiling observations and shows aerosol–cloud interaction studies for liquid-water and ice clouds. A highlight was the detection of a 10 km deep wildfire smoke layer over the North Pole up to 17 km height from the fire season of 2019, which persisted over the whole winter period.
Yun He, Yunfei Zhang, Fuchao Liu, Zhenping Yin, Yang Yi, Yifan Zhan, and Fan Yi
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 5939–5954, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-5939-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-5939-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The POLIPHON method can retrieve the height profiles of dust-related particle mass and ice-nucleating particle (INP) concentrations. Applying a dust case data set screening scheme based on the lidar-derived depolarization ratio (rather than Ångström exponent for 440–870 nm and AOD at 532 nm), the mixed-dust-related conversion factors are retrieved from sun photometer observations over Wuhan, China. This method may potentially be extended to regions influenced by mixed dust.
Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero, Albert Ansmann, Cristofer Jiménez, Holger Baars, María-Ángeles López-Cayuela, and Ronny Engelmann
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 5225–5239, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-5225-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-5225-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
An experimental assessment of a polarized micro-pulse lidar (P-MPL) in comparison to reference lidars is presented regarding the retrieval of aerosol optical properties. The evaluation is focused on both the optimally determined overlap function and volume linear depolarization ratio. A P-MPL overlap must be regularly estimated to derive suitable aerosol products (backscatter, extinction, and particle depolarization ratio). This methodology can be easily applied to other P-MPL systems.
Hannes J. Griesche, Kevin Ohneiser, Patric Seifert, Martin Radenz, Ronny Engelmann, and Albert Ansmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 10357–10374, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10357-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-10357-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Heterogeneous ice formation in Arctic mixed-phase clouds under consideration of their surface-coupling state is investigated. Cloud phase and macrophysical properties were determined by means of lidar and cloud radar measurements, the coupling state, and cloud minimum temperature by radiosonde profiles. Above −15 °C cloud minimum temperature, surface-coupled clouds are more likely to contain ice by a factor of 2–6. By means of a literature survey, causes of the observed effects are discussed.
Albert Ansmann, Kevin Ohneiser, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Daniel A. Knopf, Igor Veselovskii, Holger Baars, Ronny Engelmann, Andreas Foth, Cristofer Jimenez, Patric Seifert, and Boris Barja
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9779–9807, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9779-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9779-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present retrievals of tropospheric and stratospheric height profiles of particle mass, volume, surface area concentration of wildfire smoke layers, and related cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice-nucleating particle (INP) concentrations. The new analysis scheme is applied to ground-based lidar observations of stratospheric Australian smoke over southern South America and to spaceborne lidar observations of tropospheric North American smoke.
Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero, Michaël Sicard, María-Ángeles López-Cayuela, Albert Ansmann, Adolfo Comerón, María-Paz Zorzano, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, and Constantino Muñoz-Porcar
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 6455–6479, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6455-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6455-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The particular pathway of dust outbreaks defines the aerosol scenario and short-wave (SW) dust direct radiative effect (DRE). The synergetic use of POLIPHON method with continuous P-MPL measurements allows SW DRE of coarse (Dc) and fine (Df) dust particles to be evaluated separately. A dust-induced cooling effect is found, and despite Dc usually being dominant in intense dust events, the Df contribution to the total DRE can be significant, being higher at the top of atmosphere than on surface.
Martin Radenz, Patric Seifert, Holger Baars, Athena Augusta Floutsi, Zhenping Yin, and Johannes Bühl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 3015–3033, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3015-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-3015-2021, 2021
Fuchao Liu, Fan Yi, Zhenping Yin, Yunpeng Zhang, Yun He, and Yang Yi
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 2981–2998, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2981-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2981-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Using high-resolution lidar measurements, this process-based study reveals that the clear-day convective boundary layer evolves in four distinct stages differing in depth growth rate and depth fluctuation magnitudes. The accompanying entrainment zone thickness (EZT) shows a discrepancy in statistical mean and standard deviation for different seasons and developing stages. Common EZT characteristics also exist. These findings help us understand the atmospheric boundary layer evolution.
Cristofer Jimenez, Albert Ansmann, Ronny Engelmann, David Donovan, Aleksey Malinka, Jörg Schmidt, Patric Seifert, and Ulla Wandinger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 15247–15263, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15247-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15247-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A novel lidar method to study cloud microphysical properties (of liquid water clouds) and to study aerosol–cloud interaction (ACI) is developed and presented in this paper. In Part 1, the theoretical framework including an error analysis is given together with an overview of the aerosol information that the same lidar system can obtain. The ACI concept based on aerosol and cloud information is also explained. Applications of the proposed approach to lidar measurements are presented in Part 2.
Cristofer Jimenez, Albert Ansmann, Ronny Engelmann, David Donovan, Aleksey Malinka, Patric Seifert, Robert Wiesen, Martin Radenz, Zhenping Yin, Johannes Bühl, Jörg Schmidt, Boris Barja, and Ulla Wandinger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 15265–15284, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15265-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15265-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Part 2 presents the application of the dual-FOV polarization lidar technique introduced in Part 1. A lidar system was upgraded with a second polarization telescope, and it was deployed at the southernmost tip of South America. A comparison with alternative remote sensing techniques and the evaluation of the aerosol–cloud–wind relation in a convective boundary layer in pristine marine conditions are presented in two case studies, demonstrating the potential of the approach for ACI studies.
Anna Gialitaki, Alexandra Tsekeri, Vassilis Amiridis, Romain Ceolato, Lucas Paulien, Anna Kampouri, Antonis Gkikas, Stavros Solomos, Eleni Marinou, Moritz Haarig, Holger Baars, Albert Ansmann, Tatyana Lapyonok, Anton Lopatin, Oleg Dubovik, Silke Groß, Martin Wirth, Maria Tsichla, Ioanna Tsikoudi, and Dimitris Balis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 14005–14021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14005-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14005-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Stratospheric smoke particles are found to significantly depolarize incident light, while this effect is also accompanied by a strong spectral dependence. We utilize scattering simulations to show that this behaviour can be attributed to the near-spherical shape of the particles. We also examine whether an extension of the current AERONET scattering model to include the near-spherical shapes could be of benefit to the AERONET retrieval for stratospheric smoke associated with enhanced PLDR.
Hannes J. Griesche, Patric Seifert, Albert Ansmann, Holger Baars, Carola Barrientos Velasco, Johannes Bühl, Ronny Engelmann, Martin Radenz, Yin Zhenping, and Andreas Macke
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 5335–5358, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-5335-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-5335-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In summer 2017, the research vessel Polarstern performed cruise PS106 to the Arctic north of Svalbard. In the frame of the cruise, remote-sensing observations of the atmosphere were performed on Polarstern to continuously monitor aerosol and clouds above the vessel. In our study, we present the deployed instrumentation and applied data analysis methods and provide case studies of the aerosol and cloud observations made during the cruise. Statistics of low-cloud occurrence are presented as well.
Julian Hofer, Albert Ansmann, Dietrich Althausen, Ronny Engelmann, Holger Baars, Khanneh Wadinga Fomba, Ulla Wandinger, Sabur F. Abdullaev, and Abduvosit N. Makhmudov
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 9265–9280, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9265-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-9265-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
For the first time, a dense data set of particle extinction-to-backscatter ratios (lidar ratios), depolarization ratios, and backscatter- and extinction-related Ångström exponents for a Central Asian site are presented. The observations were performed with a continuously running multiwavelength polarization Raman lidar at Dushanbe, Tajikistan, during an 18-month campaign. The found optical properties reflect the large range of occurring aerosol mixtures.
Kevin Ohneiser, Albert Ansmann, Holger Baars, Patric Seifert, Boris Barja, Cristofer Jimenez, Martin Radenz, Audrey Teisseire, Athina Floutsi, Moritz Haarig, Andreas Foth, Alexandra Chudnovsky, Ronny Engelmann, Félix Zamorano, Johannes Bühl, and Ulla Wandinger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 8003–8015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8003-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-8003-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Unique lidar observations of a strong perturbation in stratospheric aerosol conditions in the Southern Hemisphere caused by the extreme Australian bushfires in 2019–2020 are presented. One of the main goals of this article is to provide the CALIPSO and Aeolus spaceborne lidar science teams with basic input parameters (lidar ratios, depolarization ratios) for a trustworthy documentation of this record-breaking event.
Athena Augusta Floutsi, Holger Baars, Martin Radenz, Moritz Haarig, Zhenping Yin, Patric Seifert, Cristofer Jimenez, Ulla Wandinger, Ronny Engelmann, Boris Barja, Felix Zamorano, and Albert Ansmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-453, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-453, 2020
Preprint withdrawn
Julian Hofer, Albert Ansmann, Dietrich Althausen, Ronny Engelmann, Holger Baars, Sabur F. Abdullaev, and Abduvosit N. Makhmudov
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4695–4711, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4695-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4695-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
For the first time, continuous, vertically resolved long-term aerosol measurements were conducted with a state-of-the-art multiwavelength lidar over a Central Asian site. Such observations are urgently required in efforts to predict future climate and environmental conditions and to support spaceborne remote sensing (ground truth activities).
Elina Giannakaki, Panos Kokkalis, Eleni Marinou, Nikolaos S. Bartsotas, Vassilis Amiridis, Albert Ansmann, and Mika Komppula
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 893–905, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-893-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-893-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A new method, called ElEx, is proposed for the estimation of extinction coefficient lidar profiles using only the information provided by the elastic and polarization channels of a lidar system. The method is applicable to lidar measurements both during daytime and nighttime under well-defined aerosol mixtures. Comparisons with both Raman lidar profiles during nightime and sun photometer daytime aerosol optical depth observations demonstrate the potential of the ElEx methodology.
Johannes Bühl, Patric Seifert, Martin Radenz, Holger Baars, and Albert Ansmann
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 6601–6617, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-6601-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-6601-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In the present paper, we present a novel remote-sensing technique for the measurement of ice crystal number concentrations in clouds. The fall velocity of ice crystals measured with values from cloud radar and a radar wind profiler is used in order to derive information about ice crystal size and number concentration. In contrast to existing methods based on the combination of lidar and cloud radar, the present method can also be used in optically thick clouds.
Albert Ansmann, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Johannes Bühl, Patric Seifert, Ronny Engelmann, Julian Hofer, Argyro Nisantzi, James D. Atkinson, Zamin A. Kanji, Berko Sierau, Mihalis Vrekoussis, and Jean Sciare
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 15087–15115, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-15087-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-15087-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
For the first time, a closure study of the relationship between the ice-nucleating particle concentration (INPC) and ice crystal number concentration (ICNC) in altocumulus and cirrus layers, solely based on ground-based active remote sensing, is presented. The closure studies were conducted in Cyprus. A focus was on altocumulus and cirrus layers which developed in pronounced Saharan dust layers. The closure studies show that heterogeneous ice nucleation can play a dominant role in ice formation.
Holger Baars, Albert Ansmann, Kevin Ohneiser, Moritz Haarig, Ronny Engelmann, Dietrich Althausen, Ingrid Hanssen, Michael Gausa, Aleksander Pietruczuk, Artur Szkop, Iwona S. Stachlewska, Dongxiang Wang, Jens Reichardt, Annett Skupin, Ina Mattis, Thomas Trickl, Hannes Vogelmann, Francisco Navas-Guzmán, Alexander Haefele, Karen Acheson, Albert A. Ruth, Boyan Tatarov, Detlef Müller, Qiaoyun Hu, Thierry Podvin, Philippe Goloub, Igor Veselovskii, Christophe Pietras, Martial Haeffelin, Patrick Fréville, Michaël Sicard, Adolfo Comerón, Alfonso Javier Fernández García, Francisco Molero Menéndez, Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero, Juan Luis Guerrero-Rascado, Lucas Alados-Arboledas, Daniele Bortoli, Maria João Costa, Davide Dionisi, Gian Luigi Liberti, Xuan Wang, Alessia Sannino, Nikolaos Papagiannopoulos, Antonella Boselli, Lucia Mona, Giuseppe D'Amico, Salvatore Romano, Maria Rita Perrone, Livio Belegante, Doina Nicolae, Ivan Grigorov, Anna Gialitaki, Vassilis Amiridis, Ourania Soupiona, Alexandros Papayannis, Rodanthi-Elisaveth Mamouri, Argyro Nisantzi, Birgit Heese, Julian Hofer, Yoav Y. Schechner, Ulla Wandinger, and Gelsomina Pappalardo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 15183–15198, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-15183-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-15183-2019, 2019
Carlos Toledano, Benjamín Torres, Cristian Velasco-Merino, Dietrich Althausen, Silke Groß, Matthias Wiegner, Bernadett Weinzierl, Josef Gasteiger, Albert Ansmann, Ramiro González, David Mateos, David Farrel, Thomas Müller, Moritz Haarig, and Victoria E. Cachorro
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 14571–14583, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14571-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14571-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Ground-based sun photometers have been used to analyze the properties of long-range transported Saharan dust over Barbados. The measurements were carried out as part of the Saharan Aerosol Long-Range Transport and Aerosol–Cloud-Interaction Experiment (SALTRACE), carried out in the Caribbean in 2013. A variety of instruments, ground-based and airborne, were used in this research. In this paper, the sun photometer data are presented and related to data collected from other co-located instruments.
Moritz Haarig, Adrian Walser, Albert Ansmann, Maximilian Dollner, Dietrich Althausen, Daniel Sauer, David Farrell, and Bernadett Weinzierl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 13773–13788, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13773-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13773-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol particles are necessary in forming a cloud droplet. In order to improve studies of cloud formation, the aerosol load and type below a cloud has to be measured without disturbing the cloud. The lidar is a perfect tool for this purpose, as it provides a vertical profile of the aerosol particles from the ground. We validated the lidar retrieval of cloud-relevant aerosol properties like particle number concentrations with airborne in situ measurements in the Saharan Air Layer at Barbados.
Zhenping Yin, Albert Ansmann, Holger Baars, Patric Seifert, Ronny Engelmann, Martin Radenz, Cristofer Jimenez, Alina Herzog, Kevin Ohneiser, Karsten Hanbuch, Luc Blarel, Philippe Goloub, Gaël Dubois, Stephane Victori, and Fabrice Maupin
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 5685–5698, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-5685-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-5685-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
A new shipborne Sun–sky–lunar photometer was validated through comparisons with collocated MICROTOPS II and multiwavelength Raman polarization lidar measurements during two trans-Atlantic cruises. A full diurnal cycle of mixed dust–smoke episode was captured by both the shipborne photometer and lidar. The coefficient of determination for the linear regression between MICROTOPS II and the shipborne photometer was 0.993 for AOD at 500 nm based on the entire dataset.
Emmanouil Proestakis, Vassilis Amiridis, Eleni Marinou, Ioannis Binietoglou, Albert Ansmann, Ulla Wandinger, Julian Hofer, John Yorks, Edward Nowottnick, Abduvosit Makhmudov, Alexandros Papayannis, Aleksander Pietruczuk, Anna Gialitaki, Arnoud Apituley, Artur Szkop, Constantino Muñoz Porcar, Daniele Bortoli, Davide Dionisi, Dietrich Althausen, Dimitra Mamali, Dimitris Balis, Doina Nicolae, Eleni Tetoni, Gian Luigi Liberti, Holger Baars, Ina Mattis, Iwona Sylwia Stachlewska, Kalliopi Artemis Voudouri, Lucia Mona, Maria Mylonaki, Maria Rita Perrone, Maria João Costa, Michael Sicard, Nikolaos Papagiannopoulos, Nikolaos Siomos, Pasquale Burlizzi, Rebecca Pauly, Ronny Engelmann, Sabur Abdullaev, and Gelsomina Pappalardo
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 11743–11764, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-11743-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-11743-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
To increase accuracy and validate satellite-based products, comparison with ground-based reference observations is required. To do this, we present evaluation activity of EARLINET for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of NASA's CATS lidar operating aboard the International Space Station (ISS) while identified discrepancies are discussed. Better understanding CATS performance and limitations provides a valuable basis for scientific studies implementing the satellite-based lidar system.
Albert Ansmann, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Julian Hofer, Holger Baars, Dietrich Althausen, and Sabur F. Abdullaev
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 4849–4865, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-4849-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-4849-2019, 2019
Eleni Marinou, Matthias Tesche, Athanasios Nenes, Albert Ansmann, Jann Schrod, Dimitra Mamali, Alexandra Tsekeri, Michael Pikridas, Holger Baars, Ronny Engelmann, Kalliopi-Artemis Voudouri, Stavros Solomos, Jean Sciare, Silke Groß, Florian Ewald, and Vassilis Amiridis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 11315–11342, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-11315-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-11315-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We assess the feasibility of ground-based and spaceborne lidars to retrieve profiles of cloud-relevant aerosol concentrations and ice-nucleating particles. The retrieved profiles are in good agreement with airborne in situ measurements. Our methodology will be applied to satellite observations in the future so as to provide a global 3D product of cloud-relevant properties.
Andreas Foth, Thomas Kanitz, Ronny Engelmann, Holger Baars, Martin Radenz, Patric Seifert, Boris Barja, Michael Fromm, Heike Kalesse, and Albert Ansmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 6217–6233, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-6217-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-6217-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we present the vertical aerosol distribution in the pristine region of the southern tip of South America determined by ground-based and spaceborne lidar observations. Most aerosol load is contained within the planetary boundary layer up to about 1200 m. The free troposphere is characterized by a very low aerosol concentration but a frequent occurrence of clouds. Lofted aerosol layers were rarely observed and, when present, were characterized by very low optical thicknesses.
Cristofer Jimenez, Albert Ansmann, Ronny Engelmann, Moritz Haarig, Jörg Schmidt, and Ulla Wandinger
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 1077–1093, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-1077-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-1077-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We propose an extended formalism for a full instrumental characterization of a three-channel lidar system, allowing the retrieval of highly accurate linear depolarization profiles. The results obtained at several depolarizing scenarios, the good agreement with the retrievals of a second collocated calibrated lidar system, and the long-term stability of the calibration parameters corroborate the potential and robustness of the new technique.
Albert Ansmann, Holger Baars, Alexandra Chudnovsky, Ina Mattis, Igor Veselovskii, Moritz Haarig, Patric Seifert, Ronny Engelmann, and Ulla Wandinger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 11831–11845, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11831-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11831-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Extremely large light extinction coefficients of 500 Mm-1, about 20 times higher than after the Pinatubo volcanic eruptions in 1991, were observed by EARLINET lidars in the stratosphere over central Europe from 21 to 22 August, 2017. This paper provides an overview based on ground-based (lidar, AERONET) and satellite (MODIS, OMI) remote sensing.
Moritz Haarig, Albert Ansmann, Holger Baars, Cristofer Jimenez, Igor Veselovskii, Ronny Engelmann, and Dietrich Althausen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 11847–11861, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11847-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11847-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The worldwide only triple-wavelength polarization/Raman lidar was used to measure optical, microphysical, and morphological properties of aged Canadian wildfire smoke occurring in the troposphere and stratosphere over Leipzig, Germany, in August 2017. A strong contrast between the tropospheric and stratospheric smoke properties was found.
Carmen Córdoba-Jabonero, Michaël Sicard, Albert Ansmann, Ana del Águila, and Holger Baars
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 4775–4795, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-4775-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-4775-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The high potential of the MPLNET polarized Micro-Pulse LiDAR (P-MPL) is demonstrated in synergy with the POLIPHON (POlarization-LIdar PHOtometer Networking) method to retrieve the vertical separation of both the optical and mass features of the dust, smoke and pollen components mixed with other aerosols. This synergetic procedure can be easily applied to the worldwide MPLNET lidar systems and to space-borne lidars: the ongoing NASA CALIPSO/CALIOP and the forthcoming ESA EarthCARE/ATLID.
Dimitra Mamali, Eleni Marinou, Jean Sciare, Michael Pikridas, Panagiotis Kokkalis, Michael Kottas, Ioannis Binietoglou, Alexandra Tsekeri, Christos Keleshis, Ronny Engelmann, Holger Baars, Albert Ansmann, Vassilis Amiridis, Herman Russchenberg, and George Biskos
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 2897–2910, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-2897-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-2897-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The paper's scope is to evaluate the performance of in situ atmospheric aerosol instrumentation on board unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and the performance of algorithms used to calculate the aerosol mass from remote sensing instruments by comparing the two independent techniques to each other. Our results indicate that UAV-based aerosol measurements (using specific in situ and remote sensing instrumentation) can provide reliable ways to determine the aerosol mass throughout the atmosphere.
Guangyao Dai, Dietrich Althausen, Julian Hofer, Ronny Engelmann, Patric Seifert, Johannes Bühl, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Songhua Wu, and Albert Ansmann
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 2735–2748, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-2735-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-2735-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The presented calibration method grants access to quality approved automated atmospheric water vapor profiles from lidar measurements. This method uses the Raman lidar data from the water vapor and nitrogen channels and additional data from sun photometer and GDAS. The retrieved water vapor profiles agree well with respective profiles from radio soundings. The paper describes this method and shows results from the CyCARE (Cyprus Cloud Aerosol and Rain Experiment) campaign in 2015–2017.
Sebastian Düsing, Birgit Wehner, Patric Seifert, Albert Ansmann, Holger Baars, Florian Ditas, Silvia Henning, Nan Ma, Laurent Poulain, Holger Siebert, Alfred Wiedensohler, and Andreas Macke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 1263–1290, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-1263-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-1263-2018, 2018
Alexandra Tsekeri, Anton Lopatin, Vassilis Amiridis, Eleni Marinou, Julia Igloffstein, Nikolaos Siomos, Stavros Solomos, Panagiotis Kokkalis, Ronny Engelmann, Holger Baars, Myrto Gratsea, Panagiotis I. Raptis, Ioannis Binietoglou, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Nikolaos Kalivitis, Giorgos Kouvarakis, Nikolaos Bartsotas, George Kallos, Sara Basart, Dirk Schuettemeyer, Ulla Wandinger, Albert Ansmann, Anatoli P. Chaikovsky, and Oleg Dubovik
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10, 4995–5016, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-4995-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-4995-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The Generalized Aerosol Retrieval from Radiometer and Lidar Combined data algorithm (GARRLiC) and the LIdar-Radiometer Inversion Code (LIRIC) provide the opportunity to study the aerosol vertical distribution by combining ground-based lidar and sun-photometric measurements. Here, we utilize the capabilities of both algorithms for the characterization of Saharan dust and marine particles, along with their mixtures, in the south-eastern Mediterranean.
Albert Ansmann, Franziska Rittmeister, Ronny Engelmann, Sara Basart, Oriol Jorba, Christos Spyrou, Samuel Remy, Annett Skupin, Holger Baars, Patric Seifert, Fabian Senf, and Thomas Kanitz
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 14987–15006, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14987-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14987-2017, 2017
Julian Hofer, Dietrich Althausen, Sabur F. Abdullaev, Abduvosit N. Makhmudov, Bakhron I. Nazarov, Georg Schettler, Ronny Engelmann, Holger Baars, K. Wadinga Fomba, Konrad Müller, Bernd Heinold, Konrad Kandler, and Albert Ansmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 14559–14577, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14559-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14559-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The Central Asian Dust Experiment provides unprecedented data on vertically resolved aerosol optical properties over Central Asia from continuous 18-month polarization Raman lidar observations in Dushanbe, Tajikistan. Central Asia is affected by climate change (e.g. glacier retreat) but in a large part missing vertically resolved aerosol measurements, which would help to better understand transport of dust and pollution aerosol across Central Asia and their influence on climate and health.
Moritz Haarig, Albert Ansmann, Josef Gasteiger, Konrad Kandler, Dietrich Althausen, Holger Baars, Martin Radenz, and David A. Farrell
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 14199–14217, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14199-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14199-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The depolarization ratio and the backscatter coefficient of marine particles are correlated with the relative humidity. The measurements were performed under atmospheric conditions with a multi-wavelength lidar system in pure marine conditions over Barbados in February 2014. For RH < 50 % the sea salt particles have a cubic-like shape resulting in an enhanced depolarization ratio of up to 0.15. This agrees with model results of cubic sea salt. The extinction enhancement f(RH) factor was derived.
Franziska Rittmeister, Albert Ansmann, Ronny Engelmann, Annett Skupin, Holger Baars, Thomas Kanitz, and Stefan Kinne
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 12963–12983, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12963-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12963-2017, 2017
Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri and Albert Ansmann
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10, 3403–3427, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3403-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3403-2017, 2017
Moritz Haarig, Albert Ansmann, Dietrich Althausen, André Klepel, Silke Groß, Volker Freudenthaler, Carlos Toledano, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, David A. Farrell, Damien A. Prescod, Eleni Marinou, Sharon P. Burton, Josef Gasteiger, Ronny Engelmann, and Holger Baars
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 10767–10794, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10767-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-10767-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Our measurements performed with a lidar on Barbados give a vertical profile of Saharan dust, which was transported over 5000 km across the Atlantic. The new triple-wavelength depolarization technique reveals more information about the shape and size of dust, which will improve our understanding of the aging process of dust in the atmosphere and its representation in dust models. Changing properties of dust particles influence the solar radiation and the cloud properties and thus our climate.
Johannes Bühl, Patric Seifert, Ronny Engelmann, Julia Fruntke, and Albert Ansmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2017-230, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2017-230, 2017
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
Vertical air motion is a key driver of physical processes in clouds. The stability of clouds and the process of ice formation have been shown to depend critically on vertical air motions. However, observations of vertical air motions and ice formation in clouds are rare. This motivated us in the Up- and downdraft in Drop and Ice Nucleation Experiment (UDINE) to deliver a comprehensive statistics, connecting remote-sensing observations of vertical motions and ice formation.
Eleni Marinou, Vassilis Amiridis, Ioannis Binietoglou, Athanasios Tsikerdekis, Stavros Solomos, Emannouil Proestakis, Dimitra Konsta, Nikolaos Papagiannopoulos, Alexandra Tsekeri, Georgia Vlastou, Prodromos Zanis, Dimitrios Balis, Ulla Wandinger, and Albert Ansmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 5893–5919, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5893-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5893-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We provide a 3D multiyear analysis on the evolution of Saharan dust over Europe, using a dust product retrieved from the CALIPSO satellite and using EARLINET methods. The results reveal for the first time the 9-year 3D seasonal patterns of dust over its transport paths from the Sahara towards the Mediterranean. The dataset is unique with respect to its potential applications, including the evaluation of dust models and the estimation of ice nuclei concentration profiles from space.
Jann Schrod, Daniel Weber, Jaqueline Drücke, Christos Keleshis, Michael Pikridas, Martin Ebert, Bojan Cvetković, Slobodan Nickovic, Eleni Marinou, Holger Baars, Albert Ansmann, Mihalis Vrekoussis, Nikos Mihalopoulos, Jean Sciare, Joachim Curtius, and Heinz G. Bingemer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 4817–4835, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-4817-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-4817-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper we present data of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) from a 1-month campaign in the Eastern Mediterranean using unmanned aircraft systems (UASs, drones) and offline sampling with subsequent laboratory analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first time INPs were measured onboard a UAS. We find that INP concentrations were 1 magnitude higher aloft than at the ground, highlighting that surface-based measurement of INP may only be of limited significance for the situation at cloud level.
Stavros Solomos, Albert Ansmann, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Ioannis Binietoglou, Platon Patlakas, Eleni Marinou, and Vassilis Amiridis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 4063–4079, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-4063-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-4063-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
An extreme dust storm affected Middle East and the Eastern Mediterranean in September 2015. This event was produced by a combination of meteorological and land-use properties. Analysis with remote sensing observations and modeling simulations reveals (i) transport of warm moist air from the Red and Arabian seas, (ii) formation of a thermal low over Syria, (iii) convective outflows and haboob formation (i.e. propagating dust walls), and (iv) changes in land-use and dust erodibility due to war.
Josef Gasteiger, Silke Groß, Daniel Sauer, Moritz Haarig, Albert Ansmann, and Bernadett Weinzierl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 297–311, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-297-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-297-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
To study aerosol transport in the Saharan Air Layer (SAL) from Africa to the Caribbean, we combine advanced optical models of Saharan aerosols with Stokes settling and two hypotheses about the occurrence of vertical mixing. By testing our hypotheses with lidar and in situ profiles measured near the top of the transported SAL, we find strong evidence that vertical mixing occurs in the SAL over the Atlantic with significant consequences for size distribution of the transported Saharan aerosols.
Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Albert Ansmann, Argyro Nisantzi, Stavros Solomos, George Kallos, and Diofantos G. Hadjimitsis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 13711–13724, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13711-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13711-2016, 2016
Silke Groß, Josef Gasteiger, Volker Freudenthaler, Thomas Müller, Daniel Sauer, Carlos Toledano, and Albert Ansmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 11535–11546, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-11535-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-11535-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Dual-wavelength depolarization sensitive Raman lidar measurements were used to characterize the optical properties of the dust loaded convective boundary layer over the Caribbean. Furthermore we derived the dust volume fraction and dust mass concentration within the convective boundary layer.
Moritz Haarig, Ronny Engelmann, Albert Ansmann, Igor Veselovskii, David N. Whiteman, and Dietrich Althausen
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 4269–4278, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-4269-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-4269-2016, 2016
Johannes Bühl, Patric Seifert, Alexander Myagkov, and Albert Ansmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 10609–10620, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-10609-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-10609-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We probe thin layered clouds with remote sensing instruments from ground in order to get insight into atmospheric processes like the formation of rain or snow. We think that the findings of our work can be used to improve climate and weather simulations. The present paper presents a new technique that can be used to detect the shape, fall speed and mass of ice particles falling from layered clouds. With such information the impact of cloud ice, e.g., on the lifetime of a cloud, can be estimated.
Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri and Albert Ansmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 5905–5931, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5905-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5905-2016, 2016
Ronny Engelmann, Thomas Kanitz, Holger Baars, Birgit Heese, Dietrich Althausen, Annett Skupin, Ulla Wandinger, Mika Komppula, Iwona S. Stachlewska, Vassilis Amiridis, Eleni Marinou, Ina Mattis, Holger Linné, and Albert Ansmann
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 1767–1784, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-1767-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-1767-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The atmospheric science community demands for autonomous and quality-assured vertically resolved measurements of aerosol and cloud properties. For this purpose, a portable lidar called Polly
was developed at TROPOS in 2003. This lidar type was continuously improved with gained experience from EARLINET, worldwide field campaigns, and institute collaborations within the last 10 years. We present recent changes to the setup of our portable multiwavelength Raman and polarization lidar PollyXT.
Holger Baars, Thomas Kanitz, Ronny Engelmann, Dietrich Althausen, Birgit Heese, Mika Komppula, Jana Preißler, Matthias Tesche, Albert Ansmann, Ulla Wandinger, Jae-Hyun Lim, Joon Young Ahn, Iwona S. Stachlewska, Vassilis Amiridis, Eleni Marinou, Patric Seifert, Julian Hofer, Annett Skupin, Florian Schneider, Stephanie Bohlmann, Andreas Foth, Sebastian Bley, Anne Pfüller, Eleni Giannakaki, Heikki Lihavainen, Yrjö Viisanen, Rakesh Kumar Hooda, Sérgio Nepomuceno Pereira, Daniele Bortoli, Frank Wagner, Ina Mattis, Lucja Janicka, Krzysztof M. Markowicz, Peggy Achtert, Paulo Artaxo, Theotonio Pauliquevis, Rodrigo A. F. Souza, Ved Prakesh Sharma, Pieter Gideon van Zyl, Johan Paul Beukes, Junying Sun, Erich G. Rohwer, Ruru Deng, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, and Felix Zamorano
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 5111–5137, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5111-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5111-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The findings from more than 10 years of global aerosol lidar measurements with Polly systems are summarized, and a data set of optical properties for specific aerosol types is given. An automated data retrieval algorithm for continuous Polly lidar observations is presented and discussed by means of a Saharan dust advection event in Leipzig, Germany. Finally, a statistic on the vertical aerosol distribution including the seasonal variability at PollyNET locations around the globe is presented.
Anatoli Chaikovsky, Oleg Dubovik, Brent Holben, Andrey Bril, Philippe Goloub, Didier Tanré, Gelsomina Pappalardo, Ulla Wandinger, Ludmila Chaikovskaya, Sergey Denisov, Jan Grudo, Anton Lopatin, Yana Karol, Tatsiana Lapyonok, Vassilis Amiridis, Albert Ansmann, Arnoud Apituley, Lucas Allados-Arboledas, Ioannis Binietoglou, Antonella Boselli, Giuseppe D'Amico, Volker Freudenthaler, David Giles, María José Granados-Muñoz, Panayotis Kokkalis, Doina Nicolae, Sergey Oshchepkov, Alex Papayannis, Maria Rita Perrone, Alexander Pietruczuk, Francesc Rocadenbosch, Michaël Sicard, Ilya Slutsker, Camelia Talianu, Ferdinando De Tomasi, Alexandra Tsekeri, Janet Wagner, and Xuan Wang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 1181–1205, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-1181-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-1181-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This paper presents a detailed description of LIRIC (LIdar-Radiometer Inversion Code) algorithm for simultaneous processing of coincident lidar and radiometric observations for the retrieval of the aerosol concentrations. As the lidar/radiometric input data we use measurements from European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) lidars and collocated sun-photometers of Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). The LIRIC software package was implemented and tested at a number of EARLINET stations.
A. Skupin, A. Ansmann, R. Engelmann, P. Seifert, and T. Müller
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 1863–1876, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1863-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1863-2016, 2016
M. Jähn, D. Muñoz-Esparza, F. Chouza, O. Reitebuch, O. Knoth, M. Haarig, and A. Ansmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 651–674, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-651-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-651-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Large eddy simulations (LESs) are performed for the area of the Caribbean island Barbados to investigate island effects on boundary layer modification, cloud generation and vertical mixing of aerosols. Incoming Saharan dust layers are analyzed and effects of layer thinning, subsidence and turbulent downward transport become apparent, which are sensitive to atmospheric stability and wind shear. Comparisons of LES model output with lidar data systems are made to validate the modeling results.
S. Groß, V. Freudenthaler, K. Schepanski, C. Toledano, A. Schäfler, A. Ansmann, and B. Weinzierl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 11067–11080, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11067-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11067-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
In June and July 2013 dual-wavelength lidar measurements were performed in Barbados to study long-range transported Saharan dust across the Atlantic Ocean and investigate transport-induced changes. The focus of our measurements is the intensive optical properties, the lidar ratio and the particle linear depolarization ratio. While the lidar ratio shows no differences compared to the values of fresh Saharan dust, the particle linear depolarization ratio shows slight differences.
J. Schmidt, A. Ansmann, J. Bühl, and U. Wandinger
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 10687–10700, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10687-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10687-2015, 2015
Short summary
M. Simmel, J. Bühl, A. Ansmann, and I. Tegen
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 10453–10470, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10453-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10453-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The paper combines remote sensing observations and detailed cloud modeling. It was shown that the main features of the observations could be captured which allows one to perform sensitivity studies. Those show that the liquid phase is mainly determined by the dynamical parameters of the model, whereas the ice phase is dominated by microphysical parameters such as ice nuclei number and ice particle shape.
J. Bühl, R. Leinweber, U. Görsdorf, M. Radenz, A. Ansmann, and V. Lehmann
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 3527–3536, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-3527-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-3527-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Case studies of combined vertical-velocity measurements of Doppler lidar, cloud radar and wind profiler are presented. The measurements were taken at the Meteorological Observatory, Lindenberg, Germany. Synergistic products are presented that are derived from the vertical-velocity measurements of the three instruments: a comprehensive classification mask of vertically moving atmospheric targets and the terminal fall velocity of water droplets and ice crystals corrected for vertical air motion.
V. Amiridis, E. Marinou, A. Tsekeri, U. Wandinger, A. Schwarz, E. Giannakaki, R. Mamouri, P. Kokkalis, I. Binietoglou, S. Solomos, T. Herekakis, S. Kazadzis, E. Gerasopoulos, E. Proestakis, M. Kottas, D. Balis, A. Papayannis, C. Kontoes, K. Kourtidis, N. Papagiannopoulos, L. Mona, G. Pappalardo, O. Le Rille, and A. Ansmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 7127–7153, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7127-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7127-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
LIVAS is a 3-D multi-wavelength global aerosol and cloud optical database optimized for future space-based lidar end-to-end simulations of realistic atmospheric scenarios as well as retrieval algorithm testing activities. The global database is based on CALIPSO observations at 532nm, while for the conversion at 355nm EARLINET data are utilized.
A. Nisantzi, R. E. Mamouri, A. Ansmann, G. L. Schuster, and D. G. Hadjimitsis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 7071–7084, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7071-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7071-2015, 2015
R. E. Mamouri and A. Ansmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 3463–3477, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3463-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3463-2015, 2015
A. Nisantzi, R. E. Mamouri, A. Ansmann, and D. Hadjimitsis
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 12155–12165, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12155-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12155-2014, 2014
R. E. Mamouri and A. Ansmann
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 7, 3717–3735, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-3717-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-3717-2014, 2014
G. Pappalardo, A. Amodeo, A. Apituley, A. Comeron, V. Freudenthaler, H. Linné, A. Ansmann, J. Bösenberg, G. D'Amico, I. Mattis, L. Mona, U. Wandinger, V. Amiridis, L. Alados-Arboledas, D. Nicolae, and M. Wiegner
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 7, 2389–2409, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-2389-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-2389-2014, 2014
T. Kanitz, A. Ansmann, A. Foth, P. Seifert, U. Wandinger, R. Engelmann, H. Baars, D. Althausen, C. Casiccia, and F. Zamorano
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 7, 2061–2072, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-2061-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-2061-2014, 2014
F. Dahlkötter, M. Gysel, D. Sauer, A. Minikin, R. Baumann, P. Seifert, A. Ansmann, M. Fromm, C. Voigt, and B. Weinzierl
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 6111–6137, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-6111-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-6111-2014, 2014
A. Skupin, A. Ansmann, R. Engelmann, H. Baars, and T. Müller
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 7, 701–712, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-701-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-701-2014, 2014
V. Amiridis, U. Wandinger, E. Marinou, E. Giannakaki, A. Tsekeri, S. Basart, S. Kazadzis, A. Gkikas, M. Taylor, J. Baldasano, and A. Ansmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 12089–12106, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-12089-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-12089-2013, 2013
J. Wagner, A. Ansmann, U. Wandinger, P. Seifert, A. Schwarz, M. Tesche, A. Chaikovsky, and O. Dubovik
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 6, 1707–1724, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-1707-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-1707-2013, 2013
G. Pappalardo, L. Mona, G. D'Amico, U. Wandinger, M. Adam, A. Amodeo, A. Ansmann, A. Apituley, L. Alados Arboledas, D. Balis, A. Boselli, J. A. Bravo-Aranda, A. Chaikovsky, A. Comeron, J. Cuesta, F. De Tomasi, V. Freudenthaler, M. Gausa, E. Giannakaki, H. Giehl, A. Giunta, I. Grigorov, S. Groß, M. Haeffelin, A. Hiebsch, M. Iarlori, D. Lange, H. Linné, F. Madonna, I. Mattis, R.-E. Mamouri, M. A. P. McAuliffe, V. Mitev, F. Molero, F. Navas-Guzman, D. Nicolae, A. Papayannis, M. R. Perrone, C. Pietras, A. Pietruczuk, G. Pisani, J. Preißler, M. Pujadas, V. Rizi, A. A. Ruth, J. Schmidt, F. Schnell, P. Seifert, I. Serikov, M. Sicard, V. Simeonov, N. Spinelli, K. Stebel, M. Tesche, T. Trickl, X. Wang, F. Wagner, M. Wiegner, and K. M. Wilson
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 4429–4450, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4429-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-4429-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Aerosols | Technique: Remote Sensing | Topic: Data Processing and Information Retrieval
Linear polarization signatures of atmospheric dust with the SolPol direct-sun polarimeter
Retrieval of aerosol properties from zenith sky radiance measurements
An ensemble method for improving the estimation of planetary boundary layer height from radiosonde data
Detection and analysis of Lhù'ààn Mân' (Kluane Lake) dust plumes using passive and active ground-based remote sensing supported by physical surface measurements
Cloud top heights and aerosol layer properties from EarthCARE lidar observations: the A-CTH and A-ALD products
Quantifying particulate matter optical properties and flow rate in industrial stack plumes from PRISMA hyperspectral imager
Influence of electromagnetic interference on the evaluation of lidar-derived aerosol properties from Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard
Simultaneous retrieval of aerosol and ocean properties from PACE HARP2 with uncertainty assessment using cascading neural network radiative transfer models
Global 3-D distribution of aerosol composition by synergistic use of CALIOP and MODIS observations
Aerosol retrieval over snow using RemoTAP
MAGARA: A Multi-Angle Geostationary Aerosol Retrieval Algorithm
Aerosol optical depth retrieval from the EarthCARE Multi-Spectral Imager: the M-AOT product
Evaluating the effects of columnar NO2 on the accuracy of aerosol optical properties retrievals
An explicit formulation for the retrieval of the overlap function in an elastic and Raman aerosol lidar
Combined sun-photometer/lidar inversion: lessons learned during the EARLINET/ACTRIS COVID-19 Campaign
The classification of atmospheric hydrometeors and aerosols from the EarthCARE radar and lidar: the A-TC, C-TC and AC-TC products
SAGE III/ISS aerosol/cloud categorization and its impact on GloSSAC
Exploring geometrical stereoscopic aerosol top height retrieval from geostationary satellite imagery in East Asia
Sensitivity studies of nighttime top-of-atmosphere radiances from artificial light sources using a 3-D radiative transfer model for nighttime aerosol retrievals
Instantaneous aerosol and surface retrieval using satellites in geostationary orbit (iAERUS-GEO) – estimation of 15 min aerosol optical depth from MSG/SEVIRI and evaluation with reference data
HETEAC – the Hybrid End-To-End Aerosol Classification model for EarthCARE
DeLiAn – a growing collection of depolarization ratio, lidar ratio and Ångström exponent for different aerosol types and mixtures from ground-based lidar observations
The impact and estimation of uncertainty correlation for multi-angle polarimetric remote sensing of aerosols and ocean color
Ground-based remote sensing of aerosol properties using high-resolution infrared emission and lidar observations in the High Arctic
Long-term aerosol particle depolarization ratio measurements with Halo Doppler lidar
The CALIPSO version 4.5 stratospheric aerosol subtyping algorithm
Volcanic cloud detection using Sentinel-3 satellite data by means of neural networks: the Raikoke 2019 eruption test case
The new MISR research aerosol retrieval algorithm: a multi-angle, multi-spectral, bounded-variable least squares retrieval of aerosol particle properties over both land and water
Algorithm for vertical distribution of boundary layer aerosol components in remote-sensing data
Atmospheric visibility inferred from continuous-wave Doppler wind lidar
Identification of smoke and sulfuric acid aerosol in SAGE III/ISS extinction spectra
Combining Mie–Raman and fluorescence observations: a step forward in aerosol classification with lidar technology
Effective uncertainty quantification for multi-angle polarimetric aerosol remote sensing over ocean
Employing relaxed smoothness constraints on imaginary part of refractive index in AERONET aerosol retrieval algorithm
Observation of bioaerosol transport using wideband integrated bioaerosol sensor and coherent Doppler lidar
Retrieval of UVB aerosol extinction profiles from the ground-based Langley Mobile Ozone Lidar (LMOL) system
Enhancing MAX-DOAS atmospheric state retrievals by multispectral polarimetry – studies using synthetic data
Assessing the benefits of Imaging Infrared Radiometer observations for the CALIOP version 4 cloud and aerosol discrimination algorithm
A semi-automated procedure for the emitter–receiver geometry characterization of motor-controlled lidars
Aerosol optical characteristics in the urban area of Rome, Italy, and their impact on the UV index
Aerosol models from the AERONET database: application to surface reflectance validation
Continuous mapping of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air quality in East Asia at daily 6 × 6 km2 resolution by application of a random forest algorithm to 2011–2019 GOCI geostationary satellite data
Deep-learning-based post-process correction of the aerosol parameters in the high-resolution Sentinel-3 Level-2 Synergy product
Retrieval of UV–visible aerosol absorption using AERONET and OMI–MODIS synergy: spatial and temporal variability across major aerosol environments
Estimating cloud condensation nuclei concentrations from CALIPSO lidar measurements
Ash particle refractive index model for simulating the brightness temperature spectrum of volcanic ash clouds from satellite infrared sounder measurements
Retrieval of aerosol properties using relative radiance measurements from an all-sky camera
Optimization of Aeolus' aerosol optical properties by maximum-likelihood estimation
A Bayesian parametric approach to the retrieval of the atmospheric number size distribution from lidar data
Biomass burning aerosol heating rates from the ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) 2016 and 2017 experiments
Vasiliki Daskalopoulou, Panagiotis I. Raptis, Alexandra Tsekeri, Vassilis Amiridis, Stelios Kazadzis, Zbigniew Ulanowski, Vassilis Charmandaris, Konstantinos Tassis, and William Martin
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 4529–4550, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4529-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4529-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric dust particles may present a preferential alignment due to their shape on long range transport. Since dust is abundant and plays a key role to global climate, the elusive observation of orientation will be a game changer to existing measurement techniques and the representation of particles in climate models. We utilize a specifically designed instrument, SolPol, and target the Sun from the ground for large polarization values under dusty conditions, a clear sign of orientation.
Sara Herrero-Anta, Roberto Román, David Mateos, Ramiro González, Juan Carlos Antuña-Sánchez, Marcos Herreras-Giralda, Antonio Fernando Almansa, Daniel González-Fernández, Celia Herrero del Barrio, Carlos Toledano, Victoria E. Cachorro, and Ángel M. de Frutos
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 4423–4443, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4423-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4423-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This paper shows the potential of a simple radiometer like the ZEN-R52 as a possible alternative for aerosol property retrieval in remote areas. A calibration method based on radiative transfer simulations together with an inversion methodology using the GRASP code is proposed here. The results demonstrate that this methodology is useful for the retrieval of aerosol extensive properties like aerosol optical depth (AOD) and aerosol volume concentration for total, fine and coarse modes.
Xi Chen, Ting Yang, Zifa Wang, Futing Wang, and Haibo Wang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 4289–4302, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4289-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4289-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Uncertainties remain great in the planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) determination from radiosonde, especially during the transition period of different PBL regimes. We combine seven existing methods along with statistical modification on gradient-based methods. We find that the ensemble method can eliminate the overestimation of PBLH and reduce the inconsistency between individual methods. The ensemble method improves the effectiveness of PBLH determination to 62.6 %.
Seyed Ali Sayedain, Norman T. O'Neill, James King, Patrick L. Hayes, Daniel Bellamy, Richard Washington, Sebastian Engelstaedter, Andy Vicente-Luis, Jill Bachelder, and Malo Bernhard
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 4115–4135, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4115-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4115-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We used (columnar) ground-based remote sensing (RS) tools and surface measurements to characterize local (drainage-basin) dust plumes at a site in the Yukon. Plume height, particle size, and column-to-surface ratios enabled insights into how satellite RS could be used to analyze Arctic-wide dust transport. This helps modelers refine dust impacts in their climate change simulations. It is an important step since local dust is a key source of dust deposition on snow in the sensitive Arctic region.
Ulla Wandinger, Moritz Haarig, Holger Baars, David Donovan, and Gerd-Jan van Zadelhoff
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 4031–4052, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4031-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4031-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We introduce the algorithms that have been developed to derive cloud top height and aerosol layer products from observations with the Atmospheric Lidar (ATLID) onboard the Earth Cloud, Aerosol and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE). The products provide information on the uppermost cloud and geometrical and optical properties of aerosol layers in an atmospheric column. They can be used individually but also serve as input for algorithms that combine observations with EarthCARE’s lidar and imager.
Gabriel Calassou, Pierre-Yves Foucher, and Jean-Francois Leon
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-178, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-178, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for AMT
Short summary
Short summary
We propose to analyze the aerosol composition of plumes emitted by different industrial stacks using PRISMA satellite hyperspectral observations. Three industrial sites have been observed: a coal-fired power plant in South Africa, a steel plant in China, and gas flaring at an oil extraction site in Algeria. Aerosol optical thickness and particle radius are retrieved within the plumes. The mass flow rate of particulate matter is estimated in the plume by the integrated mass enhancement method.
Tim Poguntke and Christoph Ritter
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 4009–4014, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4009-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4009-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this work we analyze the impact of electromagnetic interference on an aerosol lidar. We found that aging transient recorders may produce a noise with fixed frequency that can be removed a posteriori.
Meng Gao, Bryan A. Franz, Peng-Wang Zhai, Kirk Knobelspiesse, Andrew Sayer, Xiaoguang Xu, Vanderlei Martins, Brian Cairns, Patricia Castellanos, Guangliang Fu, Neranga Hannadige, Otto Hasekamp, Yongxiang Hu, Amir Ibrahim, Frederick Patt, Anin Puthukkudy, and P. Jeremy Werdell
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1843, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1843, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study evaluates the retrievability and uncertainty on aerosol and ocean parameter from PACE's HARP2 instrument using enhanced neural network models within the FastMAPOL algorithm. The approach streamlined data processing and utilized a cascading retrieval method for optimization. Testing with synthetic HARP2 data revealed reliable retrieval of aerosol properties, though with some uncertainties in other areas. Overall, the algorithm is effective and viable for operational data analysis.
Rei Kudo, Akiko Higurashi, Eiji Oikawa, Masahiro Fujikawa, Hiroshi Ishimoto, and Tomoaki Nishizawa
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 3835–3863, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-3835-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-3835-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A synergistic retrieval method of aerosol components (water-soluble, light-absorbing, dust, and sea salt particles) from CALIOP and MODIS observations was developed. The total global 3-D distributions and those for each component showed good consistency with the CALIOP and MODIS official products and previous studies. The shortwave direct radiative effects of each component at the top and bottom of the atmosphere and for the heating rate were also consistent with previous studies.
Zihan Zhang, Guangliang Fu, and Otto Hasekamp
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-127, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-127, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for AMT
Short summary
Short summary
In order to conduct accurate aerosol retrieval over snow, the Remote Sensing of Trace Gases and Aerosol Products (RemoTAP) algorithm is extended with a Bi-directional Reflection Distribution Function for snow surfaces. Both the experiments with synthetic- and real data show that the extended RemoTAP maintains capability on snow-free pixels and has obvious advantages on accuracy and fraction of successful retrievals for retrieval over snow, especially over surfaces with snow cover >75 %.
James A. Limbacher, Ralph A. Kahn, Mariel D. Friberg, Jaehwa Lee, Tyler Summers, and Hai Zhang
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-146, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-146, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for AMT
Short summary
Short summary
We present a new Multi-Angle Geostationary Aerosol Retrieval Algorithm (MAGARA) that fuses observations from GOES-16 and GOES-17 in order to retrieve information about aerosol loading (at 10-15 minute cadence) and aerosol particle properties (daily), all at pixel-level resolution. We present MAGARA results for 3 case studies: the 2018 California Camp Fire, the 2019 Williams Flats Fire, and the 2019 Kincade Fire. We also compare MAGARA aerosol loading and particle properties with AERONET.
Nicole Docter, Rene Preusker, Florian Filipitsch, Lena Kritten, Franziska Schmidt, and Jürgen Fischer
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 3437–3457, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-3437-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-3437-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We describe the stand-alone retrieval algorithm used to derive aerosol properties relying on measurements of the Multi-Spectral Imager (MSI) aboard the upcoming Earth Clouds, Aerosols and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) satellite. This aerosol data product will be available as M-AOT after the launch of EarthCARE. Additionally, we applied the algorithm to simulated EarthCARE MSI and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data for prelaunch algorithm verification.
Theano Drosoglou, Ioannis-Panagiotis Raptis, Massimo Valeri, Stefano Casadio, Francesca Barnaba, Marcos Herreras-Giralda, Anton Lopatin, Oleg Dubovik, Gabriele Brizzi, Fabrizio Niro, Monica Campanelli, and Stelios Kazadzis
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 2989–3014, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2989-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2989-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol optical properties derived from sun photometers depend on the optical depth of trace gases absorbing solar radiation at specific spectral ranges. Various networks use satellite-based climatologies to account for this or neglect their effect. In this work, we evaluate the effect of NO2 absorption in aerosol retrievals from AERONET and SKYNET over two stations in Rome, Italy, with relatively high NO2 spatiotemporal variations, using NO2 data from the Pandora network and the TROPOMI sensor.
Adolfo Comerón, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Michaël Sicard, Federico Dios, Cristina Gil-Díaz, Daniel Camilo Fortunato dos Santos Oliveira, and Francesc Rocadenbosch
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 3015–3025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-3015-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-3015-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We derive an explicit (i.e., non-iterative) formula for the retrieval of the overlap function in an aerosol lidar with both elastic and Raman N2 and/or O2 channels used for independent measurements of aerosol backscatter and extinction coefficients. The formula requires only the measured, range-corrected elastic and the corresponding Raman signals, plus an assumed lidar ratio. We assess the influence of the lidar ratio error in the overlap function retrieval and present retrieval examples.
Alexandra Tsekeri, Anna Gialitaki, Marco Di Paolantonio, Davide Dionisi, Gian Luigi Liberti, Alnilam Fernandes, Artur Szkop, Aleksander Pietruczuk, Daniel Pérez-Ramírez, Maria J. Granados Muñoz, Juan Luis Guerrero-Rascado, Lucas Alados-Arboledas, Diego Bermejo-Pantaleón, Juan Antonio Bravo-Aranda, Anna Kampouri, Eleni Marinou, Vassilis Amiridis, Michael Sicard, Adolfo Comerón, Constantino Muñoz-Porcar, Alejandro Rodríguez-Gómez, Salvatore Romano, Maria Rita Perrone, Xiaoxia Shang, Mika Komppula, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Argyro Nisantzi, Diofantos Hadjimitsis, Francisco Navas-Guzmán, Alexander Haefele, Dominika Szczepanik, Artur Tomczak, Iwona Stachlewska, Livio Belegante, Doina Nicolae, Kalliopi Artemis Voudouri, Dimitris Balis, Athina A. Floutsi, Holger Baars, Linda Miladi, Nicolas Pascal, Oleg Dubovik, and Anton Lopatin
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-76, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-76, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for AMT
Short summary
Short summary
EARLINET/ACTRIS organized an intensive observational campaign in May 2020, with the objective of monitoring the atmospheric state over Europe during the COVID-19 lockdown and relaxation period. The work presented herein focuses on deriving a common methodology for applying a synergistic retrieval that utilizes the network's ground-based passive and active remote sensing measurements, and derive the aerosols from antrhopogenic activities over Europe.
Abdanour Irbah, Julien Delanoë, Gerd-Jan van Zadelhoff, David P. Donovan, Pavlos Kollias, Bernat Puigdomènech Treserras, Shannon Mason, Robin J. Hogan, and Aleksandra Tatarevic
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 2795–2820, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2795-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2795-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) and ATmospheric LIDar (ATLID) aboard the EarthCARE satellite are used to probe the Earth's atmosphere by measuring cloud and aerosol profiles. ATLID is sensitive to aerosols and small cloud particles and CPR to large ice particles, snowflakes and raindrops. It is the synergy of the measurements of these two instruments that allows a better classification of the atmospheric targets and the description of the associated products, which are the subject of this paper.
Mahesh Kovilakam, Larry Thomason, and Travis Knepp
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 2709–2731, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2709-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2709-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The paper describes SAGE III/ISS aerosol/cloud categorization and its implications on Global Space-based Stratospheric Aerosol Climatology (GloSSAC). The presence of data from the SAGE type of multi-wavelength measurements is important in GloSSAC. The new aerosol/cloud categorization method described in this paper will help retain more measurements, particularly in the lower stratosphere during and following a volcanic event and other processes.
Minseok Kim, Jhoon Kim, Hyunkwang Lim, Seoyoung Lee, Yeseul Cho, Huidong Yeo, and Sang-Woo Kim
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 2673–2690, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2673-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2673-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol height information is important when seeking an understanding of the vertical structure of the aerosol layer and long-range transport. In this study, a geometrical aerosol top height (ATH) retrieval using a parallax of two geostationary satellites is investigated. With sufficient longitudinal separation between the two satellites, a decent ATH product could be retrieved.
Jianglong Zhang, Jeffrey S. Reid, Steven D. Miller, Miguel Román, Zhuosen Wang, Robert J. D. Spurr, and Shawn Jaker
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 2531–2546, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2531-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2531-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We adapted the spherical harmonics discrete ordinate method 3-dimentional radiative transfer model (3-D RTM) and developed a nighttime 3-D RTM capability for simulating top-of-atmosphere radiances from artificial light sources for aerosol retrievals. Our study suggests that both aerosol optical depth and aerosol plume height can be effectively retrieved using nighttime observations over artificial light sources, through the newly developed radiative transfer modeling capability.
Xavier Ceamanos, Bruno Six, Suman Moparthy, Dominique Carrer, Adèle Georgeot, Josef Gasteiger, Jérôme Riedi, Jean-Luc Attié, Alexei Lyapustin, and Iosif Katsev
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 2575–2599, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2575-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2575-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A new algorithm to retrieve the diurnal evolution of aerosol optical depth over land and ocean from geostationary meteorological satellites is proposed and successfully evaluated with reference ground-based and satellite data. The high-temporal-resolution aerosol observations that are obtained from the EUMETSAT Meteosat Second Generation mission are unprecedented and open the door to studies that cannot be conducted with the once-a-day observations available from low-Earth-orbit satellites.
Ulla Wandinger, Athena Augusta Floutsi, Holger Baars, Moritz Haarig, Albert Ansmann, Anja Hünerbein, Nicole Docter, David Donovan, Gerd-Jan van Zadelhoff, Shannon Mason, and Jason Cole
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 2485–2510, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2485-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2485-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We introduce an aerosol classification model that has been developed for the Earth Clouds, Aerosols and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE). The model provides a consistent description of microphysical, optical, and radiative properties of common aerosol types such as dust, sea salt, pollution, and smoke. It is used for aerosol classification and assessment of radiation effects based on the synergy of active and passive observations with lidar, imager, and radiometer of the multi-instrument platform.
Athena Augusta Floutsi, Holger Baars, Ronny Engelmann, Dietrich Althausen, Albert Ansmann, Stephanie Bohlmann, Birgit Heese, Julian Hofer, Thomas Kanitz, Moritz Haarig, Kevin Ohneiser, Martin Radenz, Patric Seifert, Annett Skupin, Zhenping Yin, Sabur F. Abdullaev, Mika Komppula, Maria Filioglou, Elina Giannakaki, Iwona S. Stachlewska, Lucja Janicka, Daniele Bortoli, Eleni Marinou, Vassilis Amiridis, Anna Gialitaki, Rodanthi-Elisavet Mamouri, Boris Barja, and Ulla Wandinger
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 2353–2379, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2353-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2353-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
DeLiAn is a collection of lidar-derived aerosol intensive optical properties for several aerosol types, namely the particle linear depolarization ratio, the extinction-to-backscatter ratio (lidar ratio) and the Ångström exponent. The data collection is based on globally distributed, long-term, ground-based, multiwavelength, Raman and polarization lidar measurements and currently covers two wavelengths, 355 and 532 nm, for 13 aerosol categories ranging from basic aerosol types to mixtures.
Meng Gao, Kirk Knobelspiesse, Bryan A. Franz, Peng-Wang Zhai, Brian Cairns, Xiaoguang Xu, and J. Vanderlei Martins
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 2067–2087, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2067-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-2067-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Multi-angle polarimetric measurements have been shown to greatly improve the remote sensing capability of aerosols and help atmospheric correction for ocean color retrievals. However, the uncertainty correlations among different measurement angles have not been well characterized. In this work, we provided a practical framework to evaluate the impact of the angular uncertainty correlation in retrieval results and a method to directly estimate correlation strength from retrieval residuals.
Denghui Ji, Mathias Palm, Christoph Ritter, Philipp Richter, Xiaoyu Sun, Matthias Buschmann, and Justus Notholt
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 1865–1879, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-1865-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-1865-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
To measuring aerosol components, a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIS) and a lidar are operated in Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen (78° N, 11° E). Using the FTIS, a retrieval algorithm is developed for dust, sea salt, black carbon, and sulfate. The distribution of aerosols or clouds is provided by lidar and used as an indicator for aerosol or cloud retrieval with the FTS. Thus, a two-instrument joint-observation scheme is designed and is used on the data measured from 2019 to the present.
Viet Le, Hannah Lobo, Ewan J. O'Connor, and Ville Vakkari
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-37, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2023-37, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for AMT
Short summary
Short summary
This study offers a long-term overview of aerosol particle depolarization ratio at a wavelength of 1565 nm obtained from vertical profiling measurements by Halo Doppler lidars during four years at four different locations across Finland. Our observations support the long-term usage of Halo Doppler lidar depolarization ratio including detection of aerosols that may pose a safety risk for aviation. Long-range Saharan dust transport and pollen transport are also showcased here.
Jason L. Tackett, Jayanta Kar, Mark A. Vaughan, Brian J. Getzewich, Man-Hae Kim, Jean-Paul Vernier, Ali H. Omar, Brian E. Magill, Michael C. Pitts, and David M. Winker
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 745–768, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-745-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-745-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The accurate identification of aerosol types in the stratosphere is important to characterize their impacts on the Earth climate system. The space-borne lidar on board CALIPSO is well-posed to identify aerosols in the stratosphere from volcanic eruptions and major wildfire events. This paper describes improvements implemented in the version 4.5 CALIPSO data release to more accurately discriminate between volcanic ash, sulfate, and smoke within the stratosphere.
Ilaria Petracca, Davide De Santis, Matteo Picchiani, Stefano Corradini, Lorenzo Guerrieri, Fred Prata, Luca Merucci, Dario Stelitano, Fabio Del Frate, Giorgia Salvucci, and Giovanni Schiavon
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 7195–7210, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-7195-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-7195-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The authors propose a near-real-time procedure for the detection of volcanic clouds by means of Sentinel-3 satellite data and neural networks. The algorithm results in an automatic image classification where ashy pixels are distinguished from other surfaces with remarkable accuracy. The model is considerably faster if compared to other approaches which are time consuming, case specific, and not automatic. The algorithm can be significantly helpful for emergency management during eruption events.
James A. Limbacher, Ralph A. Kahn, and Jaehwa Lee
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 6865–6887, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-6865-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-6865-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Launched in December 1999, NASA’s Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) has given researchers qualitative constraints on aerosol particle properties for the past 22 years. Here, we present a new MISR research aerosol retrieval algorithm (RA) that utilizes over-land surface reflectance data from the Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) to address limitations of the MISR operational aerosol retrieval algorithm and improve retrievals of aerosol particle properties.
Futing Wang, Ting Yang, Zifa Wang, Haibo Wang, Xi Chen, Yele Sun, Jianjun Li, Guigang Tang, and Wenxuan Chai
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 6127–6144, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-6127-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-6127-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We develop a new algorithm to get the vertical mass concentration profiles of fine aerosol components based on the synergy of ground-based remote sensing for the first time. The comparisons with in situ observations and chemistry transport models validate the performance of the algorithm. Uncertainties caused by input parameters are also assessed in this paper. We expected that the algorithm can provide a new idea for lidar inversion and promote the development of aerosol component profiles.
Manuel Queißer, Michael Harris, and Steven Knoop
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 5527–5544, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5527-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5527-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Visibility is how well we can see something. Visibility sensors, such as employed in meteorological observatories and airports, measure at a point at the instrument location, which may not be representative of visibilities further away, e.g. near the sea surface during sea spray. Light detecting and ranging (lidar) can measure visibility further away. We find wind lidar to be a viable tool to measure visibility with low accuracy, which could suffice for safety-uncritical applications.
Travis N. Knepp, Larry Thomason, Mahesh Kovilakam, Jason Tackett, Jayanta Kar, Robert Damadeo, and David Flittner
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 5235–5260, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5235-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-5235-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We used aerosol profiles from the SAGE III/ISS instrument to develop an aerosol classification method that was tested on four case-study events (two volcanic, two fire) and supported with CALIOP aerosol products. The method worked well in identifying smoke and volcanic aerosol in the stratosphere for these events. Raikoke is presented as a demonstration of the limitations of this method.
Igor Veselovskii, Qiaoyun Hu, Philippe Goloub, Thierry Podvin, Boris Barchunov, and Mikhail Korenskii
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 4881–4900, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4881-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4881-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
An approach to reveal variability in aerosol type at a high spatiotemporal resolution, by combining fluorescence and Mie–Raman lidar data, is presented. We applied this new classification scheme to lidar data obtained by LOA, University of Lille, in 2020–2021. It is demonstrated that the separation of the main particle types, such as smoke, dust, pollen, and urban, can be performed with a height resolution of 60 m and temporal resolution better than 10 min for the current lidar configuration.
Meng Gao, Kirk Knobelspiesse, Bryan A. Franz, Peng-Wang Zhai, Andrew M. Sayer, Amir Ibrahim, Brian Cairns, Otto Hasekamp, Yongxiang Hu, Vanderlei Martins, P. Jeremy Werdell, and Xiaoguang Xu
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 4859–4879, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4859-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4859-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this work, we assessed the pixel-wise retrieval uncertainties on aerosol and ocean color derived from multi-angle polarimetric measurements. Standard error propagation methods are used to compute the uncertainties. A flexible framework is proposed to evaluate how representative these uncertainties are compared with real retrieval errors. Meanwhile, to assist operational data processing, we optimized the computational speed to evaluate the retrieval uncertainties based on neural networks.
Alexander Sinyuk, Brent N. Holben, Thomas F. Eck, David M. Giles, Ilya Slutsker, Oleg Dubovik, Joel S. Schafer, Alexander Smirnov, and Mikhail Sorokin
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 4135–4151, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4135-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4135-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes modification of smoothness constraints on the imaginary part of the refractive index employed in the AERONET aerosol retrieval algorithm. This modification is termed relaxed due to the weaker strength of this new smoothness constraint. Applying the modified version of the smoothness constraint results in a significant reduction of retrieved light absorption by brown-carbon-containing aerosols.
Dawei Tang, Tianwen Wei, Jinlong Yuan, Haiyun Xia, and Xiankang Dou
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 2819–2838, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2819-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2819-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
During 11–20 March 2020, three aerosol transport events were investigated by a lidar system and an online bioaerosol detection system in Hefei, China.
Observation results reveal that the events not only contributed to high particulate matter pollution but also to the transport of external bioaerosols, resulting in changes in the fraction of fluorescent biological aerosol particles.
This detection method improved the time resolution and provided more parameters for aerosol detection.
Liqiao Lei, Timothy A. Berkoff, Guillaume Gronoff, Jia Su, Amin R. Nehrir, Yonghua Wu, Fred Moshary, and Shi Kuang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 2465–2478, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2465-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2465-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol extinction in the UVB (280–315 nm) is difficult to retrieve using simple lidar techniques due to the lack of lidar ratios at those wavelengths. The 2018 Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone Study (LISTOS) in the New York City region provided the opportunity to characterize the lidar ratio for UVB aerosol retrieval for the Langley Mobile Ozone Lidar (LMOL). A 292 nm aerosol product comparison between the NASA Langley High Altitude Lidar Observatory (HALO) and LMOL was also carried out.
Jan-Lukas Tirpitz, Udo Frieß, Robert Spurr, and Ulrich Platt
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 2077–2098, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2077-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2077-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
MAX-DOAS is a widely used measurement technique for the remote detection of atmospheric aerosol and trace gases. It relies on the analysis of ultra-violet and visible radiation spectra of skylight. To date, information contained in the skylight's polarisation state has not been utilised. On the basis of synthetic data, we carried out sensitivity analyses to assess the potential of polarimetry for MAX-DOAS applications.
Thibault Vaillant de Guélis, Gérard Ancellet, Anne Garnier, Laurent C.-Labonnote, Jacques Pelon, Mark A. Vaughan, Zhaoyan Liu, and David M. Winker
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 1931–1956, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-1931-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-1931-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A new IIR-based cloud and aerosol discrimination (CAD) algorithm is developed using the IIR brightness temperature differences for cloud and aerosol features confidently identified by the CALIOP version 4 CAD algorithm. IIR classifications agree with the majority of V4 cloud identifications, reduce the ambiguity in a notable fraction of
not confidentV4 cloud classifications, and correct a few V4 misclassifications of cloud layers identified as dense dust or elevated smoke layers by CALIOP.
Marco Di Paolantonio, Davide Dionisi, and Gian Luigi Liberti
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 1217–1231, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-1217-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-1217-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A procedure for the characterization of the lidar transmitter–receiver geometry was developed. This characterization is currently implemented in the Rome RMR lidar to optimize the telescope/beam alignment, retrieve the overlap function, and estimate the absolute and relative tilt of the laser beam. This procedure can be potentially used to complement the standard EARLINET quality assurance tests.
Monica Campanelli, Henri Diémoz, Anna Maria Siani, Alcide di Sarra, Anna Maria Iannarelli, Rei Kudo, Gabriele Fasano, Giampietro Casasanta, Luca Tofful, Marco Cacciani, Paolo Sanò, and Stefano Dietrich
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 1171–1183, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-1171-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-1171-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The aerosol optical depth (AOD) characteristics in an urban area of Rome were retrieved over a period of 11 years (2010–2020) to determine, for the first time, their effect on the incoming ultraviolet (UV) solar radiation. The surface forcing efficiency shows that the AOD is the primary parameter affecting the surface irradiance in Rome, and it is found to be greater for smaller zenith angles and for larger and more absorbing particles in the UV range (such as, e.g., mineral dust).
Jean-Claude Roger, Eric Vermote, Sergii Skakun, Emilie Murphy, Oleg Dubovik, Natacha Kalecinski, Bruno Korgo, and Brent Holben
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 1123–1144, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-1123-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-1123-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
From measurements of the sky performed by AERONET, we determined the microphysical properties of the atmospheric particles (aerosols) for each AERONET site. We used the aerosol optical thickness and its variation over the visible spectrum. This allows us to determine an aerosol model useful for (but not only) the validation of the surface reflectance satellite-derived product. The impact of the aerosol model uncertainties on the surface reflectance validation has been found to be 1 % to 3 %.
Drew C. Pendergrass, Shixian Zhai, Jhoon Kim, Ja-Ho Koo, Seoyoung Lee, Minah Bae, Soontae Kim, Hong Liao, and Daniel J. Jacob
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 1075–1091, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-1075-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-1075-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper uses a machine learning algorithm to infer high-resolution maps of particulate air quality in eastern China, Japan, and the Korean peninsula, using data from a geostationary satellite along with meteorology. We then perform an extensive evaluation of this inferred air quality and use it to diagnose trends in the region. We hope this paper and the associated data will be valuable to other scientists interested in epidemiology, air quality, remote sensing, and machine learning.
Antti Lipponen, Jaakko Reinvall, Arttu Väisänen, Henri Taskinen, Timo Lähivaara, Larisa Sogacheva, Pekka Kolmonen, Kari Lehtinen, Antti Arola, and Ville Kolehmainen
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 895–914, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-895-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-895-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We have developed a machine-learning-based model that can be used to correct the Sentinel-3 satellite-based aerosol parameter data of the Synergy data product. The strength of the model is that the original satellite data processing does not have to be carried out again but the correction can be carried out with the data already available. We show that the correction significantly improves the accuracy of the satellite aerosol parameters.
Vinay Kayetha, Omar Torres, and Hiren Jethva
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 845–877, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-845-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-845-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Existing measurements of spectral aerosol absorption are limited, particularly in the UV region. We use the synergy of satellite and ground measurements to derive spectral single scattering albedo of aerosols from the UV–visible spectrum. The resulting spectral SSAs are used to investigate seasonality in absorption for carbonaceous, dust, and urban aerosols. Regional aerosol absorption models that could be used to make reliable assumptions in satellite remote sensing of aerosols are derived.
Goutam Choudhury and Matthias Tesche
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 639–654, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-639-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-639-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosols are tiny particles suspended in the atmosphere. A fraction of these particles can form clouds and are called cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Measurements of such aerosol particles are necessary to study the aerosol–cloud interactions and reduce the uncertainty in our future climate predictions. We present a novel methodology to estimate global 3D CCN concentrations from the CALIPSO satellite measurements. The final data set will be used to study the aerosol–cloud interactions.
Hiroshi Ishimoto, Masahiro Hayashi, and Yuzo Mano
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 435–458, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-435-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-435-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Using data from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) measurements of volcanic ash clouds (VACs) and radiative transfer calculations, we attempt to simulate the measured brightness temperature spectra (BTS) of volcanic ash aerosols in the infrared region. In particular, the dependence on the ash refractive index (RI) model is investigated.
Roberto Román, Juan C. Antuña-Sánchez, Victoria E. Cachorro, Carlos Toledano, Benjamín Torres, David Mateos, David Fuertes, César López, Ramiro González, Tatyana Lapionok, Marcos Herreras-Giralda, Oleg Dubovik, and Ángel M. de Frutos
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 407–433, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-407-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-407-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
An all-sky camera is used to obtain the relative sky radiance, and this radiance is used as input in an inversion code to obtain aerosol properties. This paper is really interesting because it pushes forward the use and capability of sky cameras for more advanced science purposes. Enhanced aerosol properties can be retrieved with accuracy using only an all-sky camera, but synergy with other instruments providing aerosol optical depth could even increase the power of these low-cost instruments.
Frithjof Ehlers, Thomas Flament, Alain Dabas, Dimitri Trapon, Adrien Lacour, Holger Baars, and Anne Grete Straume-Lindner
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 185–203, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-185-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-185-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Aeolus satellite observes the Earth and can vertically detect any kind of particles (aerosols or clouds) in the atmosphere below it. These observations are typically very noisy, which needs to be accounted for. This work dampens the noise in Aeolus' aerosol and cloud data, which are provided publicly by the ESA, so that the scientific community can make better use of it. This makes the data potentially more useful for weather prediction and climate research.
Alberto Sorrentino, Alessia Sannino, Nicola Spinelli, Michele Piana, Antonella Boselli, Valentino Tontodonato, Pasquale Castellano, and Xuan Wang
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 149–164, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-149-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-149-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present a novel approach that can be used to obtain microphysical properties of atmospheric aerosol, up to several kilometers in the atmosphere, from lidar measurements taken from the ground. Our approach provides accurate reconstructions under many different experimental conditions. Our results can contribute to the expansion of the use of remote sensing techniques for air quality monitoring and atmospheric science in general.
Sabrina P. Cochrane, K. Sebastian Schmidt, Hong Chen, Peter Pilewskie, Scott Kittelman, Jens Redemann, Samuel LeBlanc, Kristina Pistone, Michal Segal Rozenhaimer, Meloë Kacenelenbogen, Yohei Shinozuka, Connor Flynn, Rich Ferrare, Sharon Burton, Chris Hostetler, Marc Mallet, and Paquita Zuidema
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 61–77, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-61-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-61-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work presents heating rates derived from aircraft observations from the 2016 and 2017 field campaigns of ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS). We separate the total heating rates into aerosol and gas (primarily water vapor) absorption and explore some of the co-variability of heating rate profiles and their primary drivers, leading to the development of a new concept: the heating rate efficiency (HRE; the heating rate per unit aerosol extinction).
Cited articles
Adebiyi, A. A., Kok, J. F., Wang, Y., Ito, A., Ridley, D. A., Nabat, P., and Zhao, C.: Dust Constraints from joint Observational-Modelling-experiMental analysis (DustCOMM): comparison with measurements and model simulations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 829–863, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-829-2020, 2020.
AERONET: AERONET Aerosol Optical Depth (V3) – Solar data base, Aerosol Robotic Network [data set], https://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/new_web/download_all_v3_aod.html, last access: 12 April 2023a.
AERONET: AERONET Aerosol Inversion (V3) data base, Aerosol Robotic Network [data set], https://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/new_web/download_all_v3_inversions.html, last access: 12 April 2023b.
Albrecht, B. A.: Aerosols, cloud microphysics, and fractional cloudiness,
Science, 245, 1227–1230, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.245.4923.1227, 1989.
Ansmann, A., Seifert, P., Tesche, M., and Wandinger, U.: Profiling of fine and coarse particle mass: case studies of Saharan dust and Eyjafjallajökull/Grimsvötn volcanic plumes, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 9399–9415, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-9399-2012, 2012.
Ansmann, A., Mamouri, R.-E., Bühl, J., Seifert, P., Engelmann, R., Hofer, J., Nisantzi, A., Atkinson, J. D., Kanji, Z. A., Sierau, B., Vrekoussis, M., and Sciare, J.: Ice-nucleating particle versus ice crystal number concentrationin altocumulus and cirrus layers embedded in Saharan dust:a closure study, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 15087–15115, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-15087-2019, 2019a.
Ansmann, A., Mamouri, R.-E., Hofer, J., Baars, H., Althausen, D., and Abdullaev, S. F.: Dust mass, cloud condensation nuclei, and ice-nucleating particle profiling with polarization lidar: updated POLIPHON conversion factors from global AERONET analysis, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 4849–4865, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-4849-2019, 2019b.
Ansmann, A., Ohneiser, K., Mamouri, R.-E., Knopf, D. A., Veselovskii, I., Baars, H., Engelmann, R., Foth, A., Jimenez, C., Seifert, P., and Barja, B.: Tropospheric and stratospheric wildfire smoke profiling with lidar: mass, surface area, CCN, and INP retrieval, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9779–9807, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9779-2021, 2021.
Baddock, M., Mockford, T., Bullard, J., and Thorsteinsson, T.: Pathways of
high-latitude dust in the North Atlantic, Earth Planet Sc. Lett., 459,
170–182, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.11.034, 2017.
Bohren, C. and Huffman, D.: Absorbing and scattering of light by small particles, Wiley, https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527618156, 1983.
Bullard, J. E., Baddock, M., Bradwell, T., Crusius, J., Darlington, E.,
Gaiero, D., Gassó, S., Gisladottir, G., Hodgkins, R., McCulloch, R.,
McKenna-Neuman, C., Mockford, T., Stewart, H., and Thorsteinsson, T.:
High-latitude dust in the Earth system, Rev. Geophys., 54, 447–485,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016RG000518, 2016.
Burton, S. P., Ferrare, R. A., Vaughan, M. A., Omar, A. H., Rogers, R. R., Hostetler, C. A., and Hair, J. W.: Aerosol classification from airborne HSRL and comparisons with the CALIPSO vertical feature mask, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 6, 1397–1412, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-1397-2013, 2013.
Choudhury, G. and Tesche, M.: Estimating cloud condensation nuclei concentrations from CALIPSO lidar measurements, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 639–654, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-639-2022, 2022a.
Choudhury, G. and Tesche, M.: Assessment of CALIOP-derived CCN concentrations
by in situ surface measurements, Remote Sens., 14, 3342,
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14143342, 2022b.
Choudhury, G., Ansmann, A., and Tesche, M.: Evaluation of aerosol number concentrations from CALIPSO with ATom airborne in situ measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 7143–7161, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7143-2022, 2022.
Cziczo, D., Froyd, K., Hoose, C., Jensen, E., Diao, M., Zondlo, M., Smith,
J., Twohy, C., and Murphy, D.: Clarifying the dominant sources and
mechanisms of cirrus cloud formation, Science, 340, 1320–1324,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1234145, 2013.
Dai, G., Sun, K., Wang, X., Wu, S., E, X., Liu, Q., and Liu, B.: Dust transport and advection measurement with spaceborne lidars ALADIN and CALIOP and model reanalysis data, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 7975–7993, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7975-2022, 2022.
DeMott, P., Prenni, A., Liu, X., Kreidenweis, S., Petters, M., Twohy, C.,
Richardson, M., Eidhammer, T., and Rogers, D.: Predicting global atmospheric
ice nuclei distributions and their impacts on climate, P. Natl. Acad. Sci.
USA, 107, 11217–11222, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0910818107, 2010.
DeMott, P. J., Möhler, O., Stetzer, O., Vali, G., Levin, Z., Petters, M.
D., Murakami, M., Leisner, T., Bundke, U., Klein, H., Kanji, Z. A., Cotton,
R., Jones, H., Benz, S., Birkmann, M., Rzesanke, D., Saathoff, H., Nicolet,
M., Saito, A., Nillius, B., Bingemer, H., Abbatt, J., Ardon, K., Ganor, E.,
Georgakopoulos, D. G., and Saunders, C.: Resurgence in Ice Nuclei
Measurement Research, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 92, 1623–1635,
https://doi.org/10.1175/2011BAMS3119.1, 2011.
DeMott, P. J., Prenni, A. J., McMeeking, G. R., Sullivan, R. C., Petters, M. D., Tobo, Y., Niemand, M., Möhler, O., Snider, J. R., Wang, Z., and Kreidenweis, S. M.: Integrating laboratory and field data to quantify the immersion freezing ice nucleation activity of mineral dust particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 393–409, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-393-2015, 2015.
Dubovik, O. and King, M.: A flexible inversion algorithm for retrieval of
aerosol optical properties from sun and sky radiance measurements, J.
Geophys. Res., 105, 20673–20696, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900282,
2000.
Dubovik, O., Smirnov, A., Holben, B., King, M., Kaufman, Y., Eck, T., and
Slutsker, I.: Accuracy assessments of aerosol optical properties retrieved
from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sun and sky radiance measurements, J.
Geophys. Res., 105, 9791–9806, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900040, 2000.
Dubovik, O., Sinyuk, A., Lapyonok, T., Holben, B. N., Mishchenko, M., Yang,
P., Eck, T. F., Volten, H., Muñoz, O., and Veihelmann, B.: Application
of spheroid models to account for aerosol particle nonsphericity in remote
sensing of desert dust, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D11208,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006619, 2006.
Engelmann, R., Ansmann, A., Ohneiser, K., Griesche, H., Radenz, M., Hofer, J., Althausen, D., Dahlke, S., Maturilli, M., Veselovskii, I., Jimenez, C., Wiesen, R., Baars, H., Bühl, J., Gebauer, H., Haarig, M., Seifert, P., Wandinger, U., and Macke, A.: Wildfire smoke, Arctic haze, and aerosol effects on mixed-phase and cirrus clouds over the North Pole region during MOSAiC: an introduction, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 13397–13423, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-13397-2021, 2021.
Fernald, F. G.: Analysis of atmospheric lidar observations: some comments,
Appl. Optics, 23, 652–653, https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.23.000652, 1984.
Froyd, K. D., Yu, P., Schill, G. P. Brock, C. A., Kupc, A., Williamson, C.
J., Jensen, E. J., Ray, E., Rosenlof, K. H., Bian, H., Darmenov, A. S.,
Colarco, P. R., Diskin, G. S., Bui, T., and Murphy, D. M.: Dominant role of
mineral dust in cirrus cloud formation revealed by global-scale
measurements, Nat. Geosci., 15, 177–183,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-022-00901-w, 2022.
Gasteiger, J., Wiegner, M., Groß, S., Freudenthaler, V., Toledano, C.,
Tesche, M., and Kandler, K.: Modeling lidar-relevant optical properties of
complex mineral dust aerosols, Tellus B, 63, 725–741,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0889.2011.00559.x, 2011.
Georgoulias, A. K., Marinou, E., Tsekeri, A., Proestakis, E., Akritidis, D.,
Alexandri, G., Zanis, P., Balis, D., Marenco, F., Tesche, M., and Amiridis,
V.: A first case study of CCN concentrations from spaceborne lidar
observations, Remote Sens., 12, 1557, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12101557, 2020.
Giles, D. M., Sinyuk, A., Sorokin, M. G., Schafer, J. S., Smirnov, A., Slutsker, I., Eck, T. F., Holben, B. N., Lewis, J. R., Campbell, J. R., Welton, E. J., Korkin, S. V., and Lyapustin, A. I.: Advancements in the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) Version 3 database – automated near-real-time quality control algorithm with improved cloud screening for Sun photometer aerosol optical depth (AOD) measurements, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 169–209, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-169-2019, 2019.
Goel, V., Mishra, S. K., Pal, P., Ahlawat, A., Vijayan, N., Jain, S., and
Sharma, C.: Influence of chemical aging on physico-chemical properties of
mineral dust particles: a case study of 2016 dust storms over Delhi,
Environ. Pollut., 267, 115338, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115338, 2020.
Guo, J., Lou, M., Miao, Y., Wang, Y., Zeng, Z., Liu, H., He, J., Xu, H.,
Wang, F., Min, M., and Zhai, P.: Trans-Pacific transport of dust aerosol
originated from East Asia: Insights gained from multiple observations and
modeling, Environ. Pollut., 230, 1030–1039, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.062, 2017.
Haarig, M., Ansmann, A., Gasteiger, J., Kandler, K., Althausen, D., Baars, H., Radenz, M., and Farrell, D. A.: Dry versus wet marine particle optical properties: RH dependence of depolarization ratio, backscatter, and extinction from multiwavelength lidar measurements during SALTRACE, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 14199–14217, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14199-2017, 2017.
Haarig, M., Walser, A., Ansmann, A., Dollner, M., Althausen, D., Sauer, D., Farrell, D., and Weinzierl, B.: Profiles of cloud condensation nuclei, dust mass concentration, and ice-nucleating-particle-relevant aerosol properties in the Saharan Air Layer over Barbados from polarization lidar and airborne in situ measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 13773–13788, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-13773-2019, 2019.
Haarig, M., Ansmann, A., Engelmann, R., Baars, H., Toledano, C., Torres, B., Althausen, D., Radenz, M., and Wandinger, U.: First triple-wavelength lidar observations of depolarization and extinction-to-backscatter ratios of Saharan dust, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 355–369, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-355-2022, 2022.
He, Y. and Yi, F.: Dust aerosols detected using a ground-based polarization
lidar and CALIPSO over Wuhan (30.5N, 114.4E), China, Adv. Meteorol., 2015,
536762, https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/536762, 2015.
He, Y., Yi, F., Yi, Y., Liu, F., and Zhang, Y.: Heterogeneous nucleation of
midlevel cloud layer influenced by transported Asian dust over Wuhan (30.5N,
114.4E), China, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 126, e2020JD033394,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD033394, 2021a.
He, Y., Zhang, Y., Liu, F., Yin, Z., Yi, Y., Zhan, Y., and Yi, F.: Retrievals of dust-related particle mass and ice-nucleating particle concentration profiles with ground-based polarization lidar and sun photometer over a megacity in central China, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 5939–5954, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-5939-2021, 2021b.
He, Y., Yin, Z., Liu, F., and Yi, F.: Technical note: Identification of two ice-nucleating regimes for dust-related cirrus clouds based on the relationship between number concentrations of ice-nucleating particles and ice crystals, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 13067–13085, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-13067-2022, 2022a.
He, Y., Yi, F., Liu, F., Yin, Z., and Zhou, J.: Ice nucleation of cirrus
clouds related to the transported dust layer observed by ground-based lidars
over Wuhan, China, Adv. Atmos. Sci., 39, 2071–2086,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-021-1192-x, 2022b.
He, Y., Yi, F., Yin, Z., Liu, F., Yi, Y., and Zhou, J.: Mega Asian dust
event over China on 27–31 March 2021 observed with space-borne instruments
and ground-based polarization lidar, Atmos. Environ., 285, 119238,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119238, 2022c.
Hofer, J., Ansmann, A., Althausen, D., Engelmann, R., Baars, H., Abdullaev, S. F., and Makhmudov, A. N.: Long-term profiling of aerosol light extinction, particle mass, cloud condensation nuclei, and ice-nucleating particle concentration over Dushanbe, Tajikistan, in Central Asia, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 4695–4711, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4695-2020, 2020.
Holben, B., Eck, T., Slutsker, I., Tanré, D., Buis, J., Setzer, A.,
Vermote, E., Reagan, J., Kaufman, Y., Nakajima, T., Lavenu, F., Jankowiak,
I., and Smirnov, A.: AERONET – A federated instrument network and data
archive for aerosol characterization, Remote Sens. Environ., 66, 1–16,
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0034-4257(98)00031-5, 1998.
Hu, Q., Wang, H., Goloub, P., Li, Z., Veselovskii, I., Podvin, T., Li, K., and Korenskiy, M.: The characterization of Taklamakan dust properties using a multiwavelength Raman polarization lidar in Kashi, China, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 13817–13834, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13817-2020, 2020.
Hu, Z., Huang, J., Zhao, C., Ma, Y., Jin, Q., Qian, Y., Leung, L. R., Bi, J., and Ma, J.: Trans-Pacific transport and evolution of aerosols: spatiotemporal characteristics and source contributions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 12709–12730, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-12709-2019, 2019.
Huang, Z., Huang, J., Hayasaka, T., Wang, S., Zhou, T., and Jin, H.:
Short-cut transport path for Asian dust directly to the Arctic: a case
study, Environ. Res. Lett., 10, 114018,
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/11/114018, 2015.
Illingworth, A. J., Barker, H. W., Beljaars, A., Ceccaldi, M., Chepfer, H.,
Clerbaux, N., Cole, J., Delanoë, J., Domenech, C., Donovan, D. P.,
Fukuda, S., Hirakata, M., Hogan, R. J., Huenerbein, A., Kollias, P., Kubota,
T., Nakajima, T., Nakajima, T. Y., Nishizawa, T., Ohno, Y., Okamoto, H.,
Oki, R., Sato, K., Satoh, M., Shephard, M., Velázquez-Blázquez, A.,
Wandinger, U.,Wehr, T., and van Zadelhoff, G.-J.: The EarthCARE Satellite: The next step forward in global measurements of clouds, aerosols, precipitation and radiation, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 96, 1311–1332,
https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00227.1, 2015.
IPCC: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of
Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change, edited by: Masson-Delmotte, V., Zhai, P., Pirani, A., Connors, S. L., Péan, C., Berger, S., Caud, N., Chen, Y., Goldfarb, L., Gomis, M. I., Huang, M., Leitzell, K., Lonnoy, E., Matthews, J. B. R., Maycock, T. K., Waterfield, T., Yelekçi, O., Yu, R., and Zhou, B., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 2021.
Kanji, Z. A., Ladino, L. A., Wex, H., Boose, Y., Burkert-Kohn, M., Cziczo,
D. J., and Krämer, M.: Overview of ice nucleating particles, Meteor.
Mon., 58, 1.1–1.33, https://doi.org/10.1175/AMSMONOGRAPHS-D-16-0006.1, 2017.
Kim, J. S. and Park, K.: Atmospheric aging of Asian dust particles during
long range transport, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 46, 913–924,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2012.680984, 2012.
Kok, J. F., Adebiyi, A. A., Albani, S., Balkanski, Y., Checa-Garcia, R., Chin, M., Colarco, P. R., Hamilton, D. S., Huang, Y., Ito, A., Klose, M., Li, L., Mahowald, N. M., Miller, R. L., Obiso, V., Pérez García-Pando, C., Rocha-Lima, A., and Wan, J. S.: Contribution of the world's main dust source regions to the global cycle of desert dust, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8169–8193, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8169-2021, 2021a.
Kok, J. F., Adebiyi, A. A., Albani, S., Balkanski, Y., Checa-Garcia, R., Chin, M., Colarco, P. R., Hamilton, D. S., Huang, Y., Ito, A., Klose, M., Leung, D. M., Li, L., Mahowald, N. M., Miller, R. L., Obiso, V., Pérez García-Pando, C., Rocha-Lima, A., Wan, J. S., and Whicker, C. A.: Improved representation of the global dust cycle using observational constraints on dust properties and abundance, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8127–8167, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8127-2021, 2021b.
Lee, J., Kim, J., Song, C., Kim, S., Chun, Y., Sohn, B., and Holben, B.:
Characteristics of aerosol types from AERONET sun-photometer measurements,
Atmos. Environ., 44, 3110–3117, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.05.035, 2010.
Lenhardt, E. D., Gao, L., Redemann, J., Xu, F., Burton, S. P., Cairns, B., Chang, I., Ferrare, R. A., Hostetler, C. A., Saide, P. E., Howes, C., Shinozuka, Y., Stamnes, S., Kacarab, M., Dobracki, A., Wong, J., Freitag, S., and Nenes, A.: Use of Lidar Aerosol Extinction and Backscatter Coefficients to Estimate Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) Concentrations in the Southeast Atlantic, Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2022-262, in review, 2022.
Li, G., Wieder, J., Pasquier, J. T., Henneberger, J., and Kanji, Z. A.: Predicting atmospheric background number concentration of ice-nucleating particles in the Arctic, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 14441–14454, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-14441-2022, 2022.
Liu, C., Yin, Z., He, Y., and Wang, L.: Climatology of dust aerosols over
the Jianghan Plain revealed with space-borne instruments and MERRA-2
reanalysis data during 2006–2021, Remote Sens., 14, 4414, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14174414, 2022.
Mamouri, R. E. and Ansmann, A.: Fine and coarse dust separation with polarization lidar, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 7, 3717–3735, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-3717-2014, 2014.
Mamouri, R. E. and Ansmann, A.: Estimated desert-dust ice nuclei profiles from polarization lidar: methodology and case studies, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 3463–3477, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3463-2015, 2015.
Mamouri, R.-E. and Ansmann, A.: Potential of polarization lidar to provide profiles of CCN- and INP-relevant aerosol parameters, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 5905–5931, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5905-2016, 2016.
Mamouri, R.-E. and Ansmann, A.: Potential of polarization/Raman lidar to separate fine dust, coarse dust, maritime, and anthropogenic aerosol profiles, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10, 3403–3427, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3403-2017, 2017.
Mamouri, R. E., Ansmann, A., Nisantzi, A., Kokkalis, P., Schwarz, A., and
Hadjimitsis, D.: Low Arabian extinction-to-backscatter ratio, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 40, 4762–4766, https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50898, 2013.
Marinou, E., Tesche, M., Nenes, A., Ansmann, A., Schrod, J., Mamali, D., Tsekeri, A., Pikridas, M., Baars, H., Engelmann, R., Voudouri, K.-A., Solomos, S., Sciare, J., Groß, S., Ewald, F., and Amiridis, V.: Retrieval of ice-nucleating particle concentrations from lidar observations and comparison with UAV in situ measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 11315–11342, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-11315-2019, 2019.
Meinander, O., Dagsson-Waldhauserova, P., Amosov, P., Aseyeva, E., Atkins, C., Baklanov, A., Baldo, C., Barr, S. L., Barzycka, B., Benning, L. G., Cvetkovic, B., Enchilik, P., Frolov, D., Gassó, S., Kandler, K., Kasimov, N., Kavan, J., King, J., Koroleva, T., Krupskaya, V., Kulmala, M., Kusiak, M., Lappalainen, H. K., Laska, M., Lasne, J., Lewandowski, M., Luks, B., McQuaid, J. B., Moroni, B., Murray, B., Möhler, O., Nawrot, A., Nickovic, S., O’Neill, N. T., Pejanovic, G., Popovicheva, O., Ranjbar, K., Romanias, M., Samonova, O., Sanchez-Marroquin, A., Schepanski, K., Semenkov, I., Sharapova, A., Shevnina, E., Shi, Z., Sofiev, M., Thevenet, F., Thorsteinsson, T., Timofeev, M., Umo, N. S., Uppstu, A., Urupina, D., Varga, G., Werner, T., Arnalds, O., and Vukovic Vimic, A.: Newly identified climatically and environmentally significant high-latitude dust sources, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 11889–11930, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-11889-2022, 2022.
Moore, R. H., Cerully, K., Bahreini, R., Brock, C. A., Middlebrook, A. M.,
and Nenes, A.: Hygroscopicity and composition of California CCN during
summer 2010, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 117, D00V12,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD017352, 2012.
Müller, D., Ansmann, A., Mattis, I., Tesche, M., Wandinger, U.,
Althausen, D., and Pisani, G.: Aerosol-type-dependent lidar ratios observed
with Raman lidar, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D16202,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD008292, 2007.
Murray, B. J., O'Sullivan, D., Atkinson, J. D., and Webb, M. E.: Ice
nucleation by particles immersed in supercooled cloud droplet, Chem. Soc.
Rev., 41, 6519–6554, https://doi.org/10.1039/c2cs35200a, 2012.
Niemand, M., Möhler, O., Vogel, B., Vogel, H., Hoose, C., Connolly, P.,
Klein, H., Bingemer, H., DeMott, P., Skrotzki, J., and Leisner, T.:
Parameterisation of immersion freezing on mineral dust particles: an
application in a regional scale model, J. Atmos. Sci., 69, 3077–3092,
https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-11-0249.1, 2012.
Noh, Y., Müller, D., Lee, K., Kim, K., Lee, K., Shimizu, A., Sano, I., and Park, C. B.: Depolarization ratios retrieved by AERONET sun–sky radiometer data and comparison to depolarization ratios measured with lidar, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 6271–6290, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-6271-2017, 2017.
Patel, P., Jiang, J., Gautam, R., Gadhavi, H., Kalashnikova, O., Garay, M., Gao, L., Xu, F., and Omar, A.: Resolving Vertical Profile of Cloud Condensation Nuclei Concentrations from Spaceborne Lidar Measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-547, in review, 2022.
Peng, L., Yi, F., Liu, F., Yin, Z., and He, Y.: Optical properties of aerosol
and cloud particles measured by a single-line-extracted pure rotational
Raman lidar, Opt. Express, 29, 21947–21964, https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.427864, 2021.
Philip, S., Martin, R. V., Snider, G., Weagle, C. L., van Donkelaar, A.,
Brauer, M., Henze, D. K., Klimont, Z., Venkataraman, C., Guttikunda, S. K.,
and Zhang, Q.: Anthropogenic fugitive, combustion and industrial dust is a
significant, underrepresented fine particulate matter source in global
atmospheric models, Environ. Res. Lett., 12, 044018,
https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa65a4, 2017.
Phillips, V., DeMott, P., Andronache, C., Pratt, K., Prather, K.,
Subramanian, R., and Twohy, C.: Improvements to an empirical
parameterization of heterogeneous ice nucleation and its comparison with
observations, J. Atmos. Sci., 70, 378–409,
https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-12-080.1, 2013.
Ramanathan, V., Crutzen, P. J., Kiehl, J. T., and Rosenfeld, D.: Aerosols,
climate, and the hydrological cycle, Science, 294, 2119–2124,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1064034, 2001.
Rittmeister, F., Ansmann, A., Engelmann, R., Skupin, A., Baars, H., Kanitz, T., and Kinne, S.: Profiling of Saharan dust from the Caribbean to western Africa – Part 1: Layering structures and optical properties from shipborne polarization/Raman lidar observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 12963–12983, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-12963-2017, 2017.
Rosenfeld, D., Andreae, M. O., Asmi, A., Chin, M., Leeuw, G., Donovan, D.
P., Kahn, R., Kinne, S., Kivekäs, N., Kulmala, M., Lau, W., Schmidt, K.
S., Suni, T., Wagner, T., Wild, M., and Quaas, J.: Global observations of
aerosol-cloud-precipitation-climate interactions, Rev. Geophys., 52,
750–808, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013RG000441, 2014.
Shi, Y., Liu, X., Wu, M., Zhao, X., Ke, Z., and Brown, H.: Relative importance of high-latitude local and long-range-transported dust for Arctic ice-nucleating particles and impacts on Arctic mixed-phase clouds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 2909–2935, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2909-2022, 2022.
Shin, S.-K., Tesche, M., Kim, K., Kezoudi, M., Tatarov, B., Müller, D., and Noh, Y.: On the spectral depolarisation and lidar ratio of mineral dust provided in the AERONET version 3 inversion product, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 12735–12746, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-12735-2018, 2018.
Shin, S.-K., Tesche, M., Noh, Y., and Müller, D.: Aerosol-type classification based on AERONET version 3 inversion products, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 3789–3803, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-3789-2019, 2019.
Shinozuka, Y., Clarke, A. D., Nenes, A., Jefferson, A., Wood, R., McNaughton, C. S., Ström, J., Tunved, P., Redemann, J., Thornhill, K. L., Moore, R. H., Lathem, T. L., Lin, J. J., and Yoon, Y. J.: The relationship between cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration and light extinction of dried particles: indications of underlying aerosol processes and implications for satellite-based CCN estimates, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 7585–7604, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7585-2015, 2015.
Sinyuk, A., Holben, B. N., Eck, T. F., Giles, D. M., Slutsker, I., Korkin, S., Schafer, J. S., Smirnov, A., Sorokin, M., and Lyapustin, A.: The AERONET Version 3 aerosol retrieval algorithm, associated uncertainties and comparisons to Version 2, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 3375–3411, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3375-2020, 2020.
Smirnov, A., Holben, B. N., Slutsker, I., Giles, D. M., McClain, C. R., Eck,
T. F., S. Sakerin, M., Macke, A., Croot, P., Zibordi, G., Quinn, P. K.,
Sciare, J., Kinne, S., Harvey, M., Smyth, T. J., Piketh, S., Zielinski, T.,
Proshutinsky, A., Goes, J. I., Nelson, N. B., Larouche, P., Radionov, V. F.,
Goloub, P., Krishna Moorthy, K., Matarrese, R., Robertson, E. J., and
Jourdin, F.: Maritime Aerosol Network as a component of Aerosol Robotic
Network, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D06204, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD011257, 2009.
Smirnov, A., Holben, B. N., Giles, D. M., Slutsker, I., O'Neill, N. T., Eck, T. F., Macke, A., Croot, P., Courcoux, Y., Sakerin, S. M., Smyth, T. J., Zielinski, T., Zibordi, G., Goes, J. I., Harvey, M. J., Quinn, P. K., Nelson, N. B., Radionov, V. F., Duarte, C. M., Losno, R., Sciare, J., Voss, K. J., Kinne, S., Nalli, N. R., Joseph, E., Krishna Moorthy, K., Covert, D. S., Gulev, S. K., Milinevsky, G., Larouche, P., Belanger, S., Horne, E., Chin, M., Remer, L. A., Kahn, R. A., Reid, J. S., Schulz, M., Heald, C. L., Zhang, J., Lapina, K., Kleidman, R. G., Griesfeller, J., Gaitley, B. J., Tan, Q., and Diehl, T. L.: Maritime aerosol network as a component of AERONET – first results and comparison with global aerosol models and satellite retrievals, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 4, 583–597, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-4-583-2011, 2011.
Spänkuch, D., Hellmuth, O., and Görsdorf, U.: What is a cloud?
Toward a more precise definition, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 103,
E1894–E1929, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-21-0032.1, 2022.
Steinke, I., Hoose, C., Möhler, O., Connolly, P., and Leisner, T.: A new temperature- and humidity-dependent surface site density approach for deposition ice nucleation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 3703–3717, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3703-2015, 2015.
Stier, P.: Limitations of passive remote sensing to constrain global cloud condensation nuclei, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 6595–6607, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-6595-2016, 2016.
Struve, T., Pahnke, K., Lamy, F., Wengler, M., Böning, P., and Winckler,
G.: A circumpolar dust conveyor in the glacial Southern Ocean, Nat.
Commun., 11, 5655, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18858-y, 2020.
Tesche, M., Ansmann, A., Müller, D., Althausen, D., Engelmann, R.,
Freudenthaler, V., and Groß, S.: Vertically resolved separation of dust
and smoke over Cape Verde using multiwavelength Raman and polarization
lidars during Saharan Mineral Dust Experiment 2008, J. Geophys. Res., 114,
D13202, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD011862, 2009.
Toledano, C., Torres, B., Velasco-Merino, C., Althausen, D., Groß, S., Wiegner, M., Weinzierl, B., Gasteiger, J., Ansmann, A., González, R., Mateos, D., Farrel, D., Müller, T., Haarig, M., and Cachorro, V. E.: Sun photometer retrievals of Saharan dust properties over Barbados during SALTRACE, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 14571–14583, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14571-2019, 2019.
Twomey, S.: Pollution and the planetary albedo, Atmos. Environ., 8,
1251–1256, https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(74)90004-3, 1974.
Ullrich, R., Hoose, C., Möhler, O., Niemand, M., Wagner, R., Höhler,
K., Hiranuma, N., Saathoff, H., and Leisner, T.: A new ice nucleation active
site parameterization for desert dust and soot, J. Atmos. Sci., 74,
699–717, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-16-0074.1, 2017.
Uno, I., Eguchi, K., Yumimoto, K., Takemura, T., Shimizu, A., Uematsu, M.,
Liu, Z., Wang, Z., Hara, Y., and Sugimoto, N.: Asian dust transported one
full circuit around the globe, Nat. Geosci., 2, 557–560,
https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo583, 2009.
Wang, L., Mačak, M., Stanič, S., Bergant, K., Gregorič, A.,
Drinovec, L., Močnik, G., Yin, Z., Yi, Y., Müller, D., and Wang, X.:
Investigation of aerosol types and vertical distributions using polarization
Raman lidar over Vipava valley, Remote Sens., 14, 3482,
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14143482, 2022.
Wang, J., Cubison, M. J., Aiken, A. C., Jimenez, J. L., and Collins, D. R.: The importance of aerosol mixing state and size-resolved composition on CCN concentration and the variation of the importance with atmospheric aging of aerosols, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 7267–7283, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-7267-2010, 2010.
Wang, T., Han, Y., Hua, W., Tang, J., Huang, J., Zhou, T., Huang, Z., Bi,
J., and Xie, H.: Profiling dust mass concentration in Northwest China using
a joint lidar and sun-photometer setting, Remote Sens., 13, 1099,
https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061099, 2021.
Wieder, J., Ihn, N., Mignani, C., Haarig, M., Bühl, J., Seifert, P., Engelmann, R., Ramelli, F., Kanji, Z. A., Lohmann, U., and Henneberger, J.: Retrieving ice-nucleating particle concentration and ice multiplication factors using active remote sensing validated by in situ observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 9767–9797, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-9767-2022, 2022.
Winker, D., Hunt, W., and McGill, M.: Initial performance assessment of
CALIOP, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L19803, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL030135, 2007.
Yin, Z., Ansmann, A., Baars, H., Seifert, P., Engelmann, R., Radenz, M., Jimenez, C., Herzog, A., Ohneiser, K., Hanbuch, K., Blarel, L., Goloub, P., Dubois, G., Victori, S., and Maupin, F.: Aerosol measurements with a shipborne Sun–sky–lunar photometer and collocated multiwavelength Raman polarization lidar over the Atlantic Ocean, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 5685–5698, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-5685-2019, 2019.
Yin, Z., Yi, F., He, Y., Liu, D., Yu, C., and Zhang, Y.: Asian dust impacts
on heterogeneous ice formation at Wuhan based on polarization lidar
measurements, Atmos. Environ., 246, 118166,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.118166, 2021.
Yu, H., Tan, Q., Zhou, L., Zhou, Y., Bian, H., Chin, M., Ryder, C. L., Levy, R. C., Pradhan, Y., Shi, Y., Song, Q., Zhang, Z., Colarco, P. R., Kim, D., Remer, L. A., Yuan, T., Mayol-Bracero, O., and Holben, B. N.: Observation and modeling of the historic “Godzilla” African dust intrusion into the Caribbean Basin and the southern US in June 2020, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 12359–12383, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-12359-2021, 2021.
Zhang, C., Wu, Z., Chen, J., Chen, J., Tang, L., Zhu, W., Pei, X., Chen, S., Tian, P., Guo, S., Zeng, L., Hu, M., and Kanji, Z. A.: Ice-nucleating particles from multiple aerosol sources in the urban environment of Beijing under mixed-phase cloud conditions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 7539–7556, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-7539-2022, 2022.
Zhao, X., Huang, K., Fu, J. S., and Abdullaev, S. F.: Long-range transport of Asian dust to the Arctic: identification of transport pathways, evolution of aerosol optical properties, and impact assessment on surface albedo changes, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 10389–10407, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-10389-2022, 2022.
Short summary
With the AERONET database, this study derives dust-related conversion factors at oceanic sites used in the POLIPHON method, which can convert lidar-retrieved dust extinction to ice-nucleating particle (INP)- and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN)-relevant parameters. The particle linear depolarization ratio in the AERONET aerosol inversion product is used to identify dust data points. The derived conversion factors can be applied to inverse 3-D global distributions of dust-related INPCs and CCNCs.
With the AERONET database, this study derives dust-related conversion factors at oceanic sites...