Articles | Volume 18, issue 19
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-5265-2025
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-5265-2025
Research article
 | 
10 Oct 2025
Research article |  | 10 Oct 2025

Comparisons of polarimetric radio occultation measurements with WRF model simulation for tropical cyclones

Shu-Ya Chen, Ying-Hwa Kuo, Hsiu-Wen Li, Ramon Padullés, Estel Cardellach, and Francis Joseph Turk

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Cited articles

Anthes, R. A.: Exploring Earth's atmosphere with radio occultation: contributions to weather, climate and space weather, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 4, 1077–1103, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-4-1077-2011, 2011. 
Barker, D., Huang, X.-Y., Liu, Z., Auligné, T., Zhang, X., Rugg, S., Ajjaji, R., Bourgeois, A., Bray, J., Chen, Y., Demirtas, M., Guo, Y.-R., Henderson, T., Huang, W., Lin, H.-C., Michalakes, J., Rizvi, S., and Zhang, X.: The weather research and forecasting model's community variational/ensemble data assimilation system: WRFDA, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 93, 831–843, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00167.1, 2012. 
Bringi, V. N. and Chandrasekar, V.: Polarimetric Doppler weather radar: principles and applications, Cambridge University Press, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511541094, 2001. 
Cardellach, E., Tomás, S., Oliveras, S., Padullés, R., Rius, A. de la Torre-Juárez, M., Turk, F. J., Ao, C. O., Kursinski, E. R., Schreiner, B., Ector, D., and Cucurull, L.: Sensitivity of PAZ LEO polarimetric GNSS radio-occultation experiment to precipitation events, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens., 53, 190–206, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2014.2320309, 2015. 
Cardellach, E., Padullés, R., Tomás, S., Turk, F. J., Ao, C. O., and de la Torre-Juárez, M.: Probability of intense precipitation from polarimetric GNSS radio occultation observations, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 144, 206–220, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3161, 2018. 
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Short summary
This study used Polarimetric radio occultation (PRO) observations to evaluate simulations of cloud hydrometeors with five microphysics schemes for three typhoons from 2019 and 2021. The simulated cloud hydrometeors distributions varied significantly depending on model initial conditions, typhoon structures, and microphysics schemes. Results in this study demonstrate the potential for using PRO observation to evaluate the performance of different microphysics schemes in numerical models.
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