the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Multistatic meteor radar observations of two-dimensional horizontal MLT wind
Abstract. All-sky meteor radars have become a reliable and widely used tool to observe horizontal winds in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region. The horizontal winds estimated by conventional single-station radars are obtained after averaging all meteor detections based on the assumption of the homogeneity of the horizontal wind in the meteor detection area (approximately 200–300 km radius). In this study, to improve the horizontal winds, we apply a multistatic meteor radar system consisting of a monostatic meteor radar in Mengcheng (33.36° N, 116.49° E) and a bistatic remote receiver in Changfeng (31.98° N, 117.22° E), separated by approximately 167 km to increase the number of meteors by at least 70 % and provide two different viewing angles of the meteor echoes. The accuracy of the horizontal wind measurement depends on the meteor number in time and altitude intervals. Compared to typical monostatic meteor radar, our approach shows the feasibility of estimating the two-dimensional horizontal wind field. The technique allows us to estimate the mean horizontal wind and the gradient terms of the horizontal wind, moreover, the horizontal divergence, relative vorticity, stretching and shearing deformation of the wind field. We are confident that the improved horizontal wind parameters will contribute to improving the understanding of the dynamics in the MLT region.
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Status: closed
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RC1: 'Comment on amt-2022-254', Anonymous Referee #4, 12 Dec 2022
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://amt.copernicus.org/preprints/amt-2022-254/amt-2022-254-RC1-supplement.pdf
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AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://amt.copernicus.org/preprints/amt-2022-254/amt-2022-254-AC1-supplement.pdf
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AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
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RC2: 'Comment on amt-2022-254', Anonymous Referee #2, 19 Dec 2022
Comments on Manuscript 'Multistatic meteor radar observations of two-dimensional horizontal MLT wind' by Yi et al.
This manuscript describes the use of multistatic meteor radars to study the mesosphere and lower thermosphere using installations in central China to illustrate their methods. It follows the structure of other similar papers and does not bring new content to the field other than a new location. (It was much less clear than its predecessors with missing variable definitions and undescribed terms.) As such, it does not warrant publication in AMT.
Some aspects of the paper make me concerned that the analysis as presented has merit or was correctly applied. It is assumed that the vertical velocity can be ignored in equation (7) and (8) without adequate justification. Differences in the winds portayed in Figure 6 approach 40 m/sec at heights where the meteor count rates should be large. Such large discrepancies between locations that are not far apart will need to be explained before readers can accept the more nuanced parameters describing velocity variations within the field.
The opportunities that will be afforded by the construction of a multi-radar array in central China are considerable but the above aspects of the analysis need to be resolved to ensure the results reflect true geophysical effects.
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2022-254-RC2 -
AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://amt.copernicus.org/preprints/amt-2022-254/amt-2022-254-AC2-supplement.pdf
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AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
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RC3: 'Comment on amt-2022-254', Anonymous Referee #1, 25 Dec 2022
This manuscript describes a bi-static meteor radar set up in China and reported preliminary analysis that demonstrates the ability of this system in inferring horizontal wind variations. The manuscript is clearly written and easy to follow, and the graphics are nicely prepared. While there are already several multi-static meteor radars around the world and they are being reported as pointed out by another reviewer, a new system in China is still worth reporting. However, given the knowledge already learned from other systems, this work needs to focus on something new about this system, rather than only presenting a few days' results using one of the same processing methods. A few important questions could be addressed that are not yet adequately addressed in current publications. For example, do the tidal components of the divergence and vorticity consistent with the theory? How to reconcile the divergence field with the zero vertical wind assumption? The divergence is quite strong which implies a strong vertical wind.
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2022-254-RC3 -
AC3: 'Reply on RC3', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://amt.copernicus.org/preprints/amt-2022-254/amt-2022-254-AC3-supplement.pdf
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AC3: 'Reply on RC3', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
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RC4: 'Comment on amt-2022-254', Anonymous Referee #3, 01 Jan 2023
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AC4: 'Reply on RC4', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://amt.copernicus.org/preprints/amt-2022-254/amt-2022-254-AC4-supplement.pdf
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AC4: 'Reply on RC4', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
Status: closed
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RC1: 'Comment on amt-2022-254', Anonymous Referee #4, 12 Dec 2022
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://amt.copernicus.org/preprints/amt-2022-254/amt-2022-254-RC1-supplement.pdf
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AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://amt.copernicus.org/preprints/amt-2022-254/amt-2022-254-AC1-supplement.pdf
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AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
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RC2: 'Comment on amt-2022-254', Anonymous Referee #2, 19 Dec 2022
Comments on Manuscript 'Multistatic meteor radar observations of two-dimensional horizontal MLT wind' by Yi et al.
This manuscript describes the use of multistatic meteor radars to study the mesosphere and lower thermosphere using installations in central China to illustrate their methods. It follows the structure of other similar papers and does not bring new content to the field other than a new location. (It was much less clear than its predecessors with missing variable definitions and undescribed terms.) As such, it does not warrant publication in AMT.
Some aspects of the paper make me concerned that the analysis as presented has merit or was correctly applied. It is assumed that the vertical velocity can be ignored in equation (7) and (8) without adequate justification. Differences in the winds portayed in Figure 6 approach 40 m/sec at heights where the meteor count rates should be large. Such large discrepancies between locations that are not far apart will need to be explained before readers can accept the more nuanced parameters describing velocity variations within the field.
The opportunities that will be afforded by the construction of a multi-radar array in central China are considerable but the above aspects of the analysis need to be resolved to ensure the results reflect true geophysical effects.
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2022-254-RC2 -
AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://amt.copernicus.org/preprints/amt-2022-254/amt-2022-254-AC2-supplement.pdf
-
AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
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RC3: 'Comment on amt-2022-254', Anonymous Referee #1, 25 Dec 2022
This manuscript describes a bi-static meteor radar set up in China and reported preliminary analysis that demonstrates the ability of this system in inferring horizontal wind variations. The manuscript is clearly written and easy to follow, and the graphics are nicely prepared. While there are already several multi-static meteor radars around the world and they are being reported as pointed out by another reviewer, a new system in China is still worth reporting. However, given the knowledge already learned from other systems, this work needs to focus on something new about this system, rather than only presenting a few days' results using one of the same processing methods. A few important questions could be addressed that are not yet adequately addressed in current publications. For example, do the tidal components of the divergence and vorticity consistent with the theory? How to reconcile the divergence field with the zero vertical wind assumption? The divergence is quite strong which implies a strong vertical wind.
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2022-254-RC3 -
AC3: 'Reply on RC3', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://amt.copernicus.org/preprints/amt-2022-254/amt-2022-254-AC3-supplement.pdf
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AC3: 'Reply on RC3', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
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RC4: 'Comment on amt-2022-254', Anonymous Referee #3, 01 Jan 2023
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AC4: 'Reply on RC4', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://amt.copernicus.org/preprints/amt-2022-254/amt-2022-254-AC4-supplement.pdf
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AC4: 'Reply on RC4', Wen Yi, 19 Feb 2023
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