Articles | Volume 12, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-3365-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-3365-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
26 Jun 2019
Research article |
| 26 Jun 2019
| 26 Jun 2019
The ICAD (iterative cavity-enhanced DOAS) method
Martin Horbanski
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute of Environmental Physics, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Heidelberg, Germany
Airyx GmbH, Justus-von-Liebig-Str. 14, 69214 Eppelheim, Germany
Denis Pöhler
Institute of Environmental Physics, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Heidelberg, Germany
Airyx GmbH, Justus-von-Liebig-Str. 14, 69214 Eppelheim, Germany
Johannes Lampel
Institute of Environmental Physics, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Heidelberg, Germany
Airyx GmbH, Justus-von-Liebig-Str. 14, 69214 Eppelheim, Germany
Ulrich Platt
Institute of Environmental Physics, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Heidelberg, Germany
Airyx GmbH, Justus-von-Liebig-Str. 14, 69214 Eppelheim, Germany
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32 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Measurements of atmospheric HONO and NO<sub>2</sub> utilizing an open-path broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy based on an iterative algorithm F. Meng et al. https://doi.org/10.7498/aps.71.20220150
- Mobile monitoring reveals congestion penalty for vehicle emissions in London S. Wilde et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2024.100241
- Challenges and benefits of using NOx as a quantitative proxy for fossil fuel CO2 in an urban area based on radiocarbon measurements H. Juchem et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-18373-2025
- Understanding of enhanced nitrate in fine particles at agricultural sites in summer with high ammonia level J. Kim et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125596
- Observations of HONO and its precursors between urban and its surrounding agricultural fields: The vertical transports, sources and contribution to OH C. Xing et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169159
- Intercomparison of NO3 under Humid Conditions with Open-Path and Extractive IBBCEAS in an Atmospheric Reaction Chamber M. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15030739
- An IBBCEAS system for atmospheric measurements of glyoxal and methylglyoxal in the presence of high NO2 concentrations J. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-4439-2019
- Evaluation of the point sampling method and inter-comparison of remote emission sensing systems for screening real-world car emissions M. Knoll et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171710
- Real driving emissions of cars, buses and trucks determined by Plume Chasing in Czechia: Fleet screening and intercomparison with other methods C. Schmidt et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181391
- Optimisation and validation of Plume Chasing for robust and automated NOx and particle vehicle emission measurements C. Schmidt et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2025.100317
- Gas-particle partitioning, molecular weight, and yield of organic nitrate under different urban VOC, NOx, and oxidation conditions during SAPHIR-CHANEL campaign F. Nursanto et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-8425-2026
- Identification of high emitting heavy duty vehicles using Plume Chasing: European case study for enforcement C. Schmidt et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179844
- Atmospheric Simulation Chambers in the ACTRIS Research Infrastructure H. Fuchs et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-4165-2026
- A modern, flexible cloud-based database and computing service for real-time analysis of vehicle emissions data C. Rushton et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44212-024-00066-4
- Spatiotemporal characterization of industrial emissions and pollutant transport in a mixed residential-industrial region: A case study from Gimhae, South Korea N. Dehkhoda et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2026.103004
- New methods for the calibration of optical resonators: integrated calibration by means of optical modulation (ICOM) and narrow-band cavity ring-down (NB-CRD) H. Finkenzeller et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-1343-2023
- Simultaneous detection of atmospheric HONO and NO2 utilising an IBBCEAS system based on an iterative algorithm K. Tang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6487-2020
- Large-scale automated emission measurement of individual vehicles with point sampling M. Knoll et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-2481-2024
- Highly Disaggregated Particulate and Gaseous Vehicle Emission Factors and Ambient Concentration Apportionment Using a Plume Regression Technique N. Farren et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c05015
- Influence of Vehicle Design on Near-Road Concentrations of Traffic-Related Air Pollutants S. Wilson et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00059
- Emission ratio determination from road vehicles using a range of remote emission sensing techniques N. Farren et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162621
- Signal-enhanced DOAS based on the secondary diffraction spectrum and its application in sulfur dioxide measurement L. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.589108
- An Ambient Measurement Technique for Vehicle Emission Quantification and Concentration Source Apportionment N. Farren et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c07907
- Coherent field sensing of nitrogen dioxide A. Eber et al. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.513523
- Rapid and high-precision cavity-enhanced spectroscopic measurement of HONO and NO2: Application to emissions from heavy-duty diesel vehicles in chassis dynamometer tests and in mobile monitoring M. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2024.127386
- The Impact of Traffic and Meteorology on Urban Particle Mass and Particle Number Concentrations: Student-Led Studies Using Mobile Measurements before, during, and after the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdowns O. Klemm et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13010062
- Characterising a mobile reference station (MoRS) to quantify personal exposure to air quality M. Hedges et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.120160
- Toward Linking Indoor Commercial Source Emissions to Outdoor Volatile Organic Compounds Using Mobile Measurements S. Budisulistiorini et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00290
- Emissions measurement during roadside inspection of heavy-duty vehicles J. Franzetti et al. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-026-01421-9
- Measurement report: Inland ship emissions and their contribution to NOx and ultrafine particle concentrations at the Rhine P. Eger et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-8769-2023
- Unreported VOC Emissions from Road Transport Including from Electric Vehicles S. Cliff et al. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c00845
- Intercomparison of MAX-DOAS vertical profile retrieval algorithms: studies on field data from the CINDI-2 campaign J. Tirpitz et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-1-2021
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 02 Nov 2026
Short summary
ICAD allows a precise in situ measurement of gases like NO2 in a relatively simple and compact setup. The main advantage in comparison to most other optical methods is that it does not require a stable total light intensity. This allows a simpler and mobile instrument setup and additionally it features no observed cross-interferences. We validated the high quality for an ICAD NO2 instrument in different inter-comparisons with a detection limit of 0.02 ppbv.
ICAD allows a precise in situ measurement of gases like NO2 in a relatively simple and compact...
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