Report on Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2B observations of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline methane leak

Dogniaux, Matthieu; Maasakkers, Joannes D.; Varon, Daniel J.; Aben, Ilse

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-2777-2024

Articles | Volume 17, issue 9

https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-2777-2024

© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-2777-2024

© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 17, issue 9

Research article

|

08 May 2024

Research article |

| 08 May 2024

Report on Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2B observations of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline methane leak

Matthieu Dogniaux, Joannes D. Maasakkers, Daniel J. Varon, and Ilse Aben

Supplement

https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-2777-2024-supplement

Data sets

Harmonized Sentinel-2 MSI: MultiSpectral Instrument, Level-1C (COPERNICUS/S2_HARMONIZED) European Union/ESA/Copernicus https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/COPERNICUS_S2_HARMONIZED#bands

USGS Landsat 8 Collection 2 Tier 1 TOA Reflectance (LANDSAT/LC08/C02/T1_TOA) USGS/Google https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/LANDSAT_LC08_C02_T1_TOA#bands

Short summary

We analyze Landsat 8 (L8) and Sentinel-2B (S-2B) observations of the 2022 Nord Stream 2 methane leak and show how challenging this case is for usual data analysis methods. We provide customized calibrations for this Nord Stream 2 case and assess that no firm conclusion can be drawn from L8 or S-2B single overpasses. However, if we opportunistically assume that L8 and S-2B results are independent, we find an averaged L8 and S-2B combined methane leak rate of 502 ± 464 t h⁻¹.