Articles | Volume 17, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-2777-2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-2777-2024
Research article
 | 
08 May 2024
Research article |  | 08 May 2024

Report on Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2B observations of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline methane leak

Matthieu Dogniaux, Joannes D. Maasakkers, Daniel J. Varon, and Ilse Aben

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Cited articles

Buchwitz, M., Schneising, O., Reuter, M., Heymann, J., Krautwurst, S., Bovensmann, H., Burrows, J. P., Boesch, H., Parker, R. J., Somkuti, P., Detmers, R. G., Hasekamp, O. P., Aben, I., Butz, A., Frankenberg, C., and Turner, A. J.: Satellite-derived methane hotspot emission estimates using a fast data-driven method, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 5751–5774, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5751-2017, 2017. a
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European Union/ESA/Copernicus: Harmonized Sentinel-2 MSI: MultiSpectral Instrument, Level-1C (COPERNICUS/S2_HARMONIZED), Google Earth Engine [data set], https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/COPERNICUS_S2_HARMONIZED#bands, last access: 30 April 2024. a
Frankenberg, C., Thorpe, A. K., Thompson, D. R., Hulley, G., Kort, E. A., Vance, N., Borchardt, J., Krings, T., Gerilowski, K., Sweeney, C., Conley, S., Bue, B. D., Aubrey, A. D., Hook, S., and Green, R. O.: Airborne methane remote measurements reveal heavy-tail flux distribution in Four Corners region, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 113, 9734–9739, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1605617113, 2016. a
GHGSat: GHGSat measures its largest emission from a single source ever from Nord Stream 2 leak, GHGSat, https://www.ghgsat.com/en/newsroom/ghgsat-nordstream/ (last access: 10 May 2023), 2022. a, b
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Short summary
We analyze Landsat 8 (L8) and Sentinel-2B (S-2B) observations of the 2022 Nord Stream 2 methane leak and show how challenging this case is for usual data analysis methods. We provide customized calibrations for this Nord Stream 2 case and assess that no firm conclusion can be drawn from L8 or S-2B single overpasses. However, if we opportunistically assume that L8 and S-2B results are independent, we find an averaged L8 and S-2B combined methane leak rate of 502 ± 464 t h−1.
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