Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
AMT
Articles | Volume 19, issue 14
Articles | Volume 19, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-4833-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-19-4833-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 19, issue 14
Research article
 | 
28 Jul 2026
Research article |  | 28 Jul 2026

How does assimilating a large commercial GNSS RO dataset impact HAFS hurricane forecasts? An evaluation in support of the ROMEX experiment

William J. Miller, Yong Chen, Shu-Peng Ho, and Xi Shao

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Short summary
This study evaluates the impacts of assimilating commercial Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) radio occultation (RO) observations on HAFS-A regional model forecasts of four 2022 Atlantic hurricanes. Containing about 20 000 daily profiles, the commercial dataset roughly quadruples the volume of GNSS RO observations assimilated operationally. Findings show that the temperature and water information provided when assimilating the commercial RO dataset reduces an over-intensification bias. 
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The Radio Occultation Modeling EXperiment (ROMEX): observational...