Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
AMT
Articles | Volume 18, issue 13
Articles | Volume 18, issue 13
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-3179-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-3179-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 18, issue 13
Research article
 | 
15 Jul 2025
Research article |  | 15 Jul 2025

A new method to retrieve relative humidity profiles from a synergy of Raman lidar, microwave radiometer, and satellite

Chengli Ji, Qiankai Jin, Feilong Li, Yuyang Liu, Zhicheng Wang, Jiajia Mao, Xiaoyu Ren, Yan Xiang, Wanlin Jian, Zhenyi Chen, and Peitao Zhao

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Bai, W., Zhang, P., Liu, H., Zhang, W., Qi, C., Ma, G., and Li, G.: A fast piecewise-defined neural network method to retrieve temperature and humidity profile for the vertical atmospheric sounding system of FengYun-3E satellite, IEEE T. Geosci. Remote, 61, 4100910, https://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2023.3247776, 2023. 
Barrera-Verdejo, M., Crewell, S., Löhnert, U., Orlandi, E., and Di Girolamo, P.: Ground-based lidar and microwave radiometry synergy for high vertical resolution absolute humidity profiling, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 4013–4028, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-4013-2016, 2016. 
Blumberg, W. G., Turner, D. D., Löhnert, U., and Castleberry, S.: Ground based temperature and humidity profiling using spectral infrared and microwave observations, Part II: Actual retrieval performance in clear-sky and cloudy conditions, J. Appl. Meteorol., 54, 2305–2319, 2015. 
Brocard, E., Jeannet, P., Begert, M., Levrat, G. Philipona, R., Romanens, G., and Scherrer, S. C.: Upper air temperature trends above Switzerland 1959–2011, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118, 4303–4317, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50438, 2013. 
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This study presents the humidity measurements with a synergistic algorithm combining Raman lidar,  microwave radiometer, and satellite. The results from 47 sites in China show the best correlation over 0.9 concerning the radiosonde measurements. This validates the relative humidity (RH) accuracy with various data integrations. Three representative sites present the different seasonal characteristics, indicating the geographic and height influences on the RH vertical distribution.
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