Articles | Volume 14, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-4255-2021
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-4255-2021
Research article
 | 
09 Jun 2021
Research article |  | 09 Jun 2021

A multi-purpose, multi-rotor drone system for long-range and high-altitude volcanic gas plume measurements

Bo Galle, Santiago Arellano, Nicole Bobrowski, Vladimir Conde, Tobias P. Fischer, Gustav Gerdes, Alexandra Gutmann, Thorsten Hoffmann, Ima Itikarai, Tomas Krejci, Emma J. Liu, Kila Mulina, Scott Nowicki, Tom Richardson, Julian Rüdiger, Kieran Wood, and Jiazhi Xu

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Cited articles

Aiuppa, A., Federico, C., Giudice, G., and Gurrieri, S.: Chemical mapping of a fumarolic field: La Fossa Crater, Vulcano Island (Aeolian Islands, Italy), Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L13309, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005GL023207, 2005. 
Aiuppa, A., Fischer, T. P., Plank, T., and Bani, P.: CO2 flux emissions from the Earth's most actively degassing volcanoes, 2005–2015, Sci. Rep., 9, 5442, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41901-y, 2019. 
Arellano, S., Galle, B., Mulina, K., Wallius, J., McCormick, B., Salem, L., D'aleo, R., Barry, P., and Itikarai, I.: Report on volcanic plume measurements on volcanoes in Papua New Guinea, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden, available at: https://research.chalmers.se/publication/254380 (last access: 3 June 2021), 2017. 
Beecken, J., Mellqvist, J., Salo, K., Ekholm, J., Jalkanen, J.-P., Johansson, L., Litvinenko, V., Volodin, K., and Frank-Kamenetsky, D. A.: Emission factors of SO2, NOx and particles from ships in Neva Bay from ground-based and helicopter-borne measurements and AIS-based modeling, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 5229–5241, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5229-2015, 2015. 
Carn, S., Fioletov, V., McLinden, C. A., Li, C., and Krotkov, N. A.: A decade of global volcanic SO2 emissions measured from space, Sci. Rep., 7, 44095, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep44095, 2017. 
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Short summary
Measurements of volcanic gases are important for geophysical research, risk assessment and environmental impact studies. Some gases, like SO2 and BrO, may be studied from the ground at a safe distance using remote sensing techniques. Many other gases require in situ access to the gas plume. Here, a drone may be an attractive alternative. This paper describes a drone specially adapted for volcanic gas studies and demonstrates its use in a field campaign at Manam volcano in Papua New Guinea.