GUM: Guide to the Epression of Uncertainty in Measurement, Tech. rep., JCGM, JCGM 100:2008, GUM 1995 with minor corrections. Published by the JCGM in the name of the BIPM, IEC, IFCC, ILAC, ISO, IUPAC, IUPAP, and OIML, available at:
https://www.bipm.org/utils/common/documents/jcgm/JCGM_100_2008_E.pdf (last access: 21 January 2022), 2008.
a,
b
Haimberger, L., Tavolato, C., and Sperka, S.: Toward Elimination of the Warm
Bias in Historic Radiosonde Temperature Records – Some New Results from a
Comprehensive Intercomparison of Upper-Air Data, J. Climate, 21,
4587–4606,
https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JCLI1929.1, 2008.
a
Han, S., Liu, Q., Han, X., Dai, W., and Yang, J.: An E-type temperature sensor for upper air meteorology, Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering, 1, 145–149,
https://doi.org/10.13494/j.npe.20170016, 2018.
a
Ho, S.-P., Peng, L., and Vömel, H.: Characterization of the long-term radiosonde temperature biases in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere using COSMIC and Metop-A/GRAS data from 2006 to 2014, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 4493–4511,
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-4493-2017, 2017.
a
Immler, F. J., Dykema, J., Gardiner, T., Whiteman, D. N., Thorne, P. W., and Vömel, H.: Reference Quality Upper-Air Measurements: guidance for developing GRUAN data products, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 3, 1217–1231,
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-3-1217-2010, 2010.
a
Karlsson, K.-G., Anttila, K., Trentmann, J., Stengel, M., Meirink, J. F.,
Devasthale, A., Hanschmann, T., Kothe, S., Jääskeläinen, E., Sedlar,
J., Benas, N., van Zadelhoff, G.-J., Schlundt, C., Stein, D., Finkensieper,
S., Håkansson, N., Hollmann, R., Fuchs, P., and Werscheck, M.: CLARA-A2:
CM SAF cLoud, Albedo and surface RAdiation dataset from AVHRR data – Edition
2, Format: NetCDF v4, Size: 12.4 TiB,
https://doi.org/10.5676/EUM_SAF_CM/CLARA_AVHRR/V002, 2017.
a
Key, J. R.: Streamer User's Guide, NOAA/NESDIS, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, available at:
https://stratus.ssec.wisc.edu/streamer/documentation.html
(last access: 21 June 2021), 2002.
a,
b
Kizu, N., Sugidachi, T., Kobayashi, E., Hoshino, S., Shimizu, K., Maeda, R.,
and Fujiwara, M.: GRUAN Technical Document 5 – Technical characteristics and GRUAN data processing for the Meisei RS-11G and iMS-100 radiosondes, Tech. rep., GRUAN Lead Centre, Lindenberg, version 1.0, available at:
https://www.gruan.org/documentation/gruan/td/gruan-td-5 (last access: 21 January 2022), 2018.
a,
b
Kobayashi, E., Hoshino, S., Iwabuchi, M., Sugidachi, T., Shimizu, K., and Fujiwara, M.: Comparison of the GRUAN data products for Meisei RS-11G and Vaisala RS92-SGP radiosondes at Tateno (36.06
∘ N, 140.13
∘ E), Japan, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 3039–3065,
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-3039-2019, 2019.
a
Lee, S.-W., Park, E. U., Choi, B. I., Kim, J. C., Woo, S.-B., Kang, W., Park,
S., Yang, S. G., and Kim, Y.-G.: Compensation of solar radiation and
ventilation effects on the temperature measurement of radiosondes using dual
thermistors, Meteorol. Appl., 25, 209–216,
https://doi.org/10.1002/met.1683, 2018a.
a
Lee, S.-W., Park, E. U., Choi, B. I., Kim, J. C., Woo, S.-B., Park, S., Yang,
S. G., and Kim, Y.-G.: Correction of solar irradiation effects on air
temperature measurement using a dual-thermistor radiosonde at low temperature
and low pressure, Meteorol. Appl., 25, 283–292,
https://doi.org/10.1002/met.1690, 2018b.
a
Lee, S.-W., Park, E. U., Choi, B. I., Kim, J. C., Woo, S.-B., Park, S., Yang,
S. G., and Kim, Y.-G.: Dual temperature sensors with different emissivities
in radiosondes for the compensation of solar irradiation effects with varying
air pressure, Meteorol. Appl., 25, 49–55,
https://doi.org/10.1002/met.1668, 2018c.
a,
b
Lee, S.-W., Yang, I., Choi, B. I., Kim, S., Woo, S.-B., Kang, W., Oh, Y. K.,
Park, S., Yoo, J.-K., Kim, J. C., Lee, Y. H., and Kim, Y.-G.: Development of
upper air simulator for the calibration of solar radiation effects on
radiosonde temperature sensors, Meteorol. Appl., 27, e1855,
https://doi.org/10.1002/met.1855, 2020.
a,
b
Lee, S.-W., Kim, S., Lee, Y.-S., Choi, B. I., Kang, W., Oh, Y. K., Park, S., Yoo, J.-K., Lee, S., Kwon, S., and Kim, Y.-G.: Radiation correction and uncertainty evaluation of RS41 temperature sensors by using an upper-air simulator, Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss. [preprint],
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2021-246, in review, 2021.
a
McInturff, R. M., Finger, F. G., Johnson, K. W., and Laver, J. D.: Day-night
differences in radiosonde observations of the stratosphere and troposphere,
Tech. Rep. NOAA Technical Memorandum, NWS NMC 63, National Meteorological
Center, 1979. a
McMillin, L., Uddstrom, M., and Coletti, A.: A Procedure for Correcting
Radiosonde Reports for Radiation Errors, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 9, 801–811,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1992)009<0801:APFCRR>2.0.CO;2, 1992.
a
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA): Preliminary Estimates of Radiosonde Thermistor Errors, Tech. rep., edited by: Schmidlin, F. J., Luers, J. K., and Huffman, P. D., NASA-TP-2637, NASA, Washington, D.C., available at:
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19870002653 (last access: 25 January 2022), 1986. a
Philipona, R., Kräuchi, A., Romanens, G., Levrat, G., Ruppert, P., Brocard,
E., Jeannet, P., Ruffieux, D., and Calpini, B.: Solar and Thermal Radiation
Errors on Upper-Air Radiosonde Temperature Measurements, J.
Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 30, 2382–2393,
https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-13-00047.1, 2013.
a
Reda, I. and Andreas, A.: Solar position algorithm for solar radiation
applications, Tech. Rep. TP-560-34302, revised January 2008, NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory),
https://doi.org/10.2172/15003974, 2003.
a
Seidel, D. J., Berger, F. H., Diamond, H. J., Dykema, J., Goodrich, D., Immler, F., Murray, W., Peterson, T., Sisterson, D., Sommer, M., Thorne, P., Vömel, H., and Wang, J.: Reference Upper-Air Observations for Climate: Rationale, Progress, and Plans, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 90,
361–369,
https://doi.org/10.1175/2008BAMS2540.1, 2009.
a,
b
Seidel, D. J., Sun, B., Pettey, M., and Reale, A.: Global radiosonde balloon
drift statistics, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 116,
D07102,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD014891, 2011.
a
Sun, B., Reale, A., Schroeder, S., Seidel, D. J., and Ballish, B.: Toward
improved corrections for radiation-induced biases in radiosonde temperature
observations, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 118, 4231–4243,
https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50369, 2013.
a
Vaisala: Vaisala Radiosonde RS41 Measurement Performance, Technical Document B211356EN-A, Vaisala, available at:
https://www.vaisala.com/sites/default/files/documents/White%20paper%20RS41%20Performance%20B211356EN-A.pdf
(last access: 21 January 2022), 2013. a
von Rohden, C., Sommer, M., Naebert, T., Motuz, V., and Dirksen, R. J.: Asset package related to AMT article “Laboratory characterisation of the radiation temperature error of radiosondes and its application to the GRUAN data processing for the Vaisala RS41”, GRUAN Lead Centre [data set],
https://doi.org/10.5676/GRUAN/dpkg-2021-1, 2021.
a
Wang, J., Bian, J., Brown, W. O., Cole, H., Grubišić, V., and Young, K.: Vertical Air Motion from T-REX Radiosonde and Dropsonde Data, J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 26, 928–942,
https://doi.org/10.1175/2008JTECHA1240.1, 2009.
a
