Articles | Volume 11, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-6075-2018
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-6075-2018
Research article
 | 
09 Nov 2018
Research article |  | 09 Nov 2018

Dried, closed-path eddy covariance method for measuring carbon dioxide flux over sea ice

Brian J. Butterworth and Brent G. T. Else

Related authors

Annual carbon dioxide flux over seasonal sea ice in the Canadian Arctic
Brian J. Butterworth, Brent G. T. Else, Kristina A. Brown, Christopher J. Mundy, William J. Williams, Lina M. Rotermund, and Gijs de Boer
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1802,https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1802, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for The Cryosphere (TC).
Short summary
High interannual surface pCO2 variability in the southern Canadian Arctic Archipelago's Kitikmeot Sea
Richard P. Sims, Mohamed M. M. Ahmed, Brian J. Butterworth, Patrick J. Duke, Stephen F. Gonski, Samantha F. Jones, Kristina A. Brown, Christopher J. Mundy, William J. Williams, and Brent G. T. Else
Ocean Sci., 19, 837–856, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-837-2023,https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-837-2023, 2023
Short summary
Sea ice concentration impacts dissolved organic gases in the Canadian Arctic
Charel Wohl, Anna E. Jones, William T. Sturges, Philip D. Nightingale, Brent Else, Brian J. Butterworth, and Mingxi Yang
Biogeosciences, 19, 1021–1045, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1021-2022,https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1021-2022, 2022
Short summary
Novel approach to observing system simulation experiments improves information gain of surface–atmosphere field measurements
Stefan Metzger, David Durden, Sreenath Paleri, Matthias Sühring, Brian J. Butterworth, Christopher Florian, Matthias Mauder, David M. Plummer, Luise Wanner, Ke Xu, and Ankur R. Desai
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 6929–6954, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6929-2021,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6929-2021, 2021
Short summary

Related subject area

Subject: Gases | Technique: In Situ Measurement | Topic: Instruments and Platforms
A modular approach to volatile organic compound samplers for tethered balloon and drone platforms
Meghan Guagenti, Darielle Dexheimer, Alexandra Ulinksi, Paul Walter, James H. Flynn III, and Sascha Usenko
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 2125–2136, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-2125-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-2125-2025, 2025
Short summary
Performance validation and calibration conditions for novel dynamic baseline tracking air sensors in long-term field monitoring
Han Mei, Peng Wei, Meisam Ahmadi Ghadikolaei, Nirmal Kumar Gali, Ya Wang, and Zhi Ning
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 1771–1785, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1771-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1771-2025, 2025
Short summary
Observation of greenhouse gas vertical profiles in the boundary layer of the Mount Qomolangma region using a multirotor UAV
Ying Zhou, Congcong Qiao, Minqiang Zhou, Yilong Wang, Xiangjun Tian, Yinghong Wang, and Minzheng Duan
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 1609–1619, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1609-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1609-2025, 2025
Short summary
Development of a portable laser-flash photolysis Faraday rotation spectrometer for measuring atmospheric total OH reactivity
Bo Fang, Nana Wei, Weixiong Zhao, Nana Yang, Hao Zhou, Heng Zhang, Jiarong Li, Weijun Zhang, Yanyu Lu, Zhu Zhu, and Yue Liu
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 1243–1256, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1243-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1243-2025, 2025
Short summary
Surface distributions and vertical profiles of trace gases (CO, O3, NO, NO2) in the Arctic wintertime boundary layer using low-cost sensors during ALPACA-2022
Brice Barret, Patrice Medina, Natalie Brett, Roman Pohorsky, Kathy S. Law, Slimane Bekki, Gilberto J. Fochesatto, Julia Schmale, Steve R. Arnold, Andrea Baccarini, Maurizio Busetto, Meeta Cesler-Maloney, Barbara D'Anna, Stefano Decesari, Jingqiu Mao, Gianluca Pappaccogli, Joel Savarino, Federico Scoto, and William R. Simpson
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 1163–1184, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1163-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1163-2025, 2025
Short summary

Cited articles

Andreas, E. L., Persson, P. O. G., Grachev, A. A., Jordan, R. E., Horst, T. W., Guest, P. S., and Fairall, C. W.: Parameterizing Turbulent Exchange over Sea Ice in Winter, J. Hydrometeorol., 11, 87–104, https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JHM1102.1, 2010. 
Bell, T. G., Landwehr, S., Miller, S. D., de Bruyn, W. J., Callaghan, A. H., Scanlon, B., Ward, B., Yang, M., and Saltzman, E. S.: Estimation of bubble-mediated air–sea gas exchange from concurrent DMS and CO2 transfer velocities at intermediate-high wind speeds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 9019–9033, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-9019-2017, 2017. 
Blomquist, B. W., Huebert, B. J., Fairall, C. W., Bariteau, L., Edson, J. B., Hare, J. E., and McGillis, W. R.: Advances in Air-Sea CO2 Flux Measurement by Eddy Correlation, Bound.-Lay. Meteorol., 152, 245–276, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-014-9926-2, 2014. 
Broecker, W. S., Ledwell, J. R., Takahashi, T., Weiss, R. F., Merlivat, L., Memery, L., Jähne, B., and Otto Munnich, K.: Isotopic versus micrometeorologic ocean CO2 fluxes: A serious conflict, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 10517–10527, https://doi.org/10.1029/JC091iC09p10517, 1986. 
Burba, G., McDermitt, D. K., Grelle, A., Anderson, D. J., and Xu, L.: Addressing the influence of instrument surface heat exchange on the measurements of CO2 flux from open-path gas analyzers, Glob. Change Biol., 14, 1854–1876, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01606.x, 2008. 
Download
Short summary
This study measured how quickly carbon dioxide was absorbed/released from sea ice to the air. We used a method that had never been tested over landlocked sea ice. To avoid water vapor ruining the carbon dioxide measurement, we dried the sample air before it went to the gas analyzer. This gave values that were more credible than those found by previous studies. We showed that this method will be useful for studying the processes which affect carbon dioxide exchange between sea ice and air.
Share