Articles | Volume 11, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-1777-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-1777-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
28 Mar 2018
Research article |
| 28 Mar 2018
| 28 Mar 2018
Intra-urban spatial variability of surface ozone in Riverside, CA: viability and validation of low-cost sensors
Kira Sadighi
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 427 UCB, 1111 Engineering Drive, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
Evan Coffey
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 427 UCB, 1111 Engineering Drive, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
Andrea Polidori
South Coast Air Quality Management District, Air Quality Sensor Performance Evaluation Center, 21865 Copley Drive, Diamond Bar, CA 91765-4178, USA
Brandon Feenstra
South Coast Air Quality Management District, Air Quality Sensor Performance Evaluation Center, 21865 Copley Drive, Diamond Bar, CA 91765-4178, USA
Qin Lv
Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado Boulder, 430 UCB, 1111 Engineering Drive, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
Daven K. Henze
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 427 UCB, 1111 Engineering Drive, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
Michael Hannigan
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, 427 UCB, 1111 Engineering Drive, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
Related authors
No articles found.
Zhaojun Tang, Panpan Yang, Kazuyuki Miyazaki, John Worden, Helen Worden, Daven K. Henze, Dylan B. A. Jones, and Zhe Jiang
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5432, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5432, 2025
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP).
Short summary
Short summary
We provide a quantitative analysis of global CO emissions and drivers of atmospheric CO trends in 2003–2022, using GEOS-Chem adjoint model constrained by MOPITT satellite observations. Our results indicate a substantial decline in global anthropogenic CO emissions of 14–17 % over the two-decade period, as well as an important offsetting effect (by 37 % globally) from rising wildfire emissions on atmospheric CO decline driven by anthropogenic reductions.
Caroline Frischmon, Jonathan Silberstein, Annamarie Guth, Erick Mattson, Jack Porter, and Michael Hannigan
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 3147–3159, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-3147-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-3147-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Air quality sensors often underpredict peak concentrations, which is a major issue in applications such as emission event detection. Here, we detail a novel approach involving data weighting to improve quantification of these peak values. To demonstrate its effectiveness, we applied data weighting to carbon monoxide, methane, and volatile organic compound sensor data. This work broadens our ability to use air sensors in contexts where accurate quantification of peak concentrations is essential.
Benjamin C. Sapper, Sean Youn, Daven K. Henze, Manjula Canagaratna, Harald Stark, and Jose L. Jimenez
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 2891–2919, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2891-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-2891-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Positive matrix factorization (PMF) has been used by atmospheric scientists to extract underlying factors present in large datasets. This paper presents a new technique for error-weighted PMF that drastically reduces the computational costs of previously developed algorithms. We use this technique to deliver interpretable factors and solution diagnostics from an atmospheric chemistry dataset.
Deepangsu Chatterjee, Randall V. Martin, Chi Li, Dandan Zhang, Haihui Zhu, Daven K. Henze, James H. Crawford, Ronald C. Cohen, Lok N. Lamsal, and Alexander M. Cede
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 12687–12706, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12687-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12687-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the hourly variation of NO2 columns and surface concentrations by applying the GEOS-Chem model to interpret aircraft and ground-based measurements over the US and Pandora sun photometer measurements over the US, Europe, and Asia. Corrections to the Pandora columns and finer model resolution improve the modeled representation of the summertime hourly variation of total NO2 columns to explain the weaker hourly variation in NO2 columns than at the surface.
Irene C. Dedoussi, Daven K. Henze, Sebastian D. Eastham, Raymond L. Speth, and Steven R. H. Barrett
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 5689–5703, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-5689-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-5689-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Atmospheric model gradients provide a meaningful tool for better understanding the underlying atmospheric processes. Adjoint modeling enables computationally efficient gradient calculations. We present the adjoint of the GEOS-Chem unified chemistry extension (UCX). With this development, the GEOS-Chem adjoint model can capture stratospheric ozone and other processes jointly with tropospheric processes. We apply it to characterize the Antarctic ozone depletion potential of active halogen species.
Zhendong Lu, Jun Wang, Yi Wang, Daven K. Henze, Xi Chen, Tong Sha, and Kang Sun
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 24, 7793–7813, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7793-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7793-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
In contrast with past work showing that the reduction of emissions was the dominant factor for the nationwide increase of surface O3 during the lockdown in China, this study finds that the variation in meteorology (temperature and other parameters) plays a more important role. This result is obtained through sensitivity simulations using a chemical transport model constrained by satellite (TROPOMI) data and calibrated with surface observations.
Lena Francesca Weissert, Geoff Steven Henshaw, David Edward Williams, Brandon Feenstra, Randy Lam, Ashley Collier-Oxandale, Vasileios Papapostolou, and Andrea Polidori
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 4709–4722, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4709-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-4709-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We apply a previously developed remote calibration framework to a network of particulate matter (PM) sensors deployed in Southern California. Our results show that a remote calibration can improve the accuracy of PM data, which was particularly visible for PM10. We highlight that sensor drift was mostly due to differences in particle composition than monitor operational factors. Thus, PM sensors may require frequent calibration if PM sources vary with different wind conditions or seasons.
Forwood Wiser, Bryan K. Place, Siddhartha Sen, Havala O. T. Pye, Benjamin Yang, Daniel M. Westervelt, Daven K. Henze, Arlene M. Fiore, and V. Faye McNeill
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 1801–1821, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1801-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-1801-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a reduced model of atmospheric isoprene oxidation, AMORE-Isoprene 1.0. It was created using a new Automated Model Reduction (AMORE) method designed to simplify complex chemical mechanisms with minimal manual adjustments to the output. AMORE-Isoprene 1.0 has improved accuracy and similar size to other reduced isoprene mechanisms. When included in the CRACMM mechanism, it improved the accuracy of EPA’s CMAQ model predictions for the northeastern USA compared to observations.
Xueying Yu, Dylan B. Millet, Daven K. Henze, Alexander J. Turner, Alba Lorente Delgado, A. Anthony Bloom, and Jianxiong Sheng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 3325–3346, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3325-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-3325-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We combine satellite measurements with a novel downscaling method to map global methane emissions at 0.1°×0.1° resolution. These fine-scale emission estimates reveal unreported emission hotspots and shed light on the roles of agriculture, wetlands, and fossil fuels for regional methane budgets. The satellite-derived emissions point in particular to missing fossil fuel emissions in the Middle East and to a large emission underestimate in South Asia that appears to be tied to monsoon rainfall.
Pawan Gupta, Prakash Doraiswamy, Jashwanth Reddy, Palak Balyan, Sagnik Dey, Ryan Chartier, Adeel Khan, Karmann Riter, Brandon Feenstra, Robert C. Levy, Nhu Nguyen Minh Tran, Olga Pikelnaya, Kurinji Selvaraj, Tanushree Ganguly, and Karthik Ganesan
Atmos. Meas. Tech. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2022-140, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2022-140, 2022
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
The use of low-cost sensors in air quality monitoring has been gaining interest across all walks of society. We present the results of evaluations of the PurpleAir against regulatory-grade PM2.5. The results indicate that with proper calibration, we can achieve bias-corrected PM2.5 data using PA sensors. Our study also suggests that pre-deployment calibrations developed at local or regional scales are required for the PA sensors to correct data from the field for scientific data analysis.
Xueying Yu, Dylan B. Millet, and Daven K. Henze
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 7775–7793, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-7775-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-7775-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We conduct observing system simulation experiments to test how well inverse analyses of high-resolution satellite data from sensors such as TROPOMI can quantify methane emissions. Inversions can improve monthly flux estimates at 25 km even with a spatially biased prior or model transport errors, but results are strongly degraded when both are present. We further evaluate a set of alternate formalisms to overcome limitations of the widely used scale factor approach that arise for missing sources.
Benjamin A. Nault, Duseong S. Jo, Brian C. McDonald, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Douglas A. Day, Weiwei Hu, Jason C. Schroder, James Allan, Donald R. Blake, Manjula R. Canagaratna, Hugh Coe, Matthew M. Coggon, Peter F. DeCarlo, Glenn S. Diskin, Rachel Dunmore, Frank Flocke, Alan Fried, Jessica B. Gilman, Georgios Gkatzelis, Jacqui F. Hamilton, Thomas F. Hanisco, Patrick L. Hayes, Daven K. Henze, Alma Hodzic, James Hopkins, Min Hu, L. Greggory Huey, B. Thomas Jobson, William C. Kuster, Alastair Lewis, Meng Li, Jin Liao, M. Omar Nawaz, Ilana B. Pollack, Jeffrey Peischl, Bernhard Rappenglück, Claire E. Reeves, Dirk Richter, James M. Roberts, Thomas B. Ryerson, Min Shao, Jacob M. Sommers, James Walega, Carsten Warneke, Petter Weibring, Glenn M. Wolfe, Dominique E. Young, Bin Yuan, Qiang Zhang, Joost A. de Gouw, and Jose L. Jimenez
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 11201–11224, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11201-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-11201-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is an important aspect of poor air quality for urban regions around the world, where a large fraction of the population lives. However, there is still large uncertainty in predicting SOA in urban regions. Here, we used data from 11 urban campaigns and show that the variability in SOA production in these regions is predictable and is explained by key emissions. These results are used to estimate the premature mortality associated with SOA in urban regions.
Ilya Stanevich, Dylan B. A. Jones, Kimberly Strong, Martin Keller, Daven K. Henze, Robert J. Parker, Hartmut Boesch, Debra Wunch, Justus Notholt, Christof Petri, Thorsten Warneke, Ralf Sussmann, Matthias Schneider, Frank Hase, Rigel Kivi, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Voltaire A. Velazco, Kaley A. Walker, and Feng Deng
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 9545–9572, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9545-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-9545-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We explore the utility of a weak-constraint (WC) four-dimensional variational (4D-Var) data assimilation scheme for mitigating systematic errors in methane simulation in the GEOS-Chem model. We use data from the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) and show that, compared to the traditional 4D-Var approach, the WC scheme improves the agreement between the model and independent observations. We find that the WC corrections to the model provide insight into the source of the errors.
Na Zhao, Xinyi Dong, Kan Huang, Joshua S. Fu, Marianne Tronstad Lund, Kengo Sudo, Daven Henze, Tom Kucsera, Yun Fat Lam, Mian Chin, and Simone Tilmes
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 8637–8654, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8637-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-8637-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Black carbon acts as a strong climate forcer, especially in vulnerable pristine regions such as the Arctic. This work utilizes ensemble modeling results from the task force Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution Phase 2 to investigate the responses of Arctic black carbon and surface temperature to various source emission reductions. East Asia contributed the most to Arctic black carbon. The response of Arctic temperature to black carbon was substantially more sensitive than the global average.
Zichong Chen, Junjie Liu, Daven K. Henze, Deborah N. Huntzinger, Kelley C. Wells, Stephen Sitch, Pierre Friedlingstein, Emilie Joetzjer, Vladislav Bastrikov, Daniel S. Goll, Vanessa Haverd, Atul K. Jain, Etsushi Kato, Sebastian Lienert, Danica L. Lombardozzi, Patrick C. McGuire, Joe R. Melton, Julia E. M. S. Nabel, Benjamin Poulter, Hanqin Tian, Andrew J. Wiltshire, Sönke Zaehle, and Scot M. Miller
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 6663–6680, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6663-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-6663-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2) satellite observes atmospheric CO2 globally. We use a multiple regression and inverse model to quantify the relationships between OCO-2 and environmental drivers within individual years for 2015–2018 and within seven global biomes. Our results point to limitations of current space-based observations for inferring environmental relationships but also indicate the potential to inform key relationships that are very uncertain in process-based models.
Yilin Chen, Huizhong Shen, Jennifer Kaiser, Yongtao Hu, Shannon L. Capps, Shunliu Zhao, Amir Hakami, Jhih-Shyang Shih, Gertrude K. Pavur, Matthew D. Turner, Daven K. Henze, Jaroslav Resler, Athanasios Nenes, Sergey L. Napelenok, Jesse O. Bash, Kathleen M. Fahey, Gregory R. Carmichael, Tianfeng Chai, Lieven Clarisse, Pierre-François Coheur, Martin Van Damme, and Armistead G. Russell
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 2067–2082, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2067-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2067-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Ammonia (NH3) emissions can exert adverse impacts on air quality and ecosystem well-being. NH3 emission inventories are viewed as highly uncertain. Here we optimize the NH3 emission estimates in the US using an air quality model and NH3 measurements from the IASI satellite instruments. The optimized NH3 emissions are much higher than the National Emissions Inventory estimates in April. The optimized NH3 emissions improved model performance when evaluated against independent observation.
Xueying Yu, Dylan B. Millet, Kelley C. Wells, Daven K. Henze, Hansen Cao, Timothy J. Griffis, Eric A. Kort, Genevieve Plant, Malte J. Deventer, Randall K. Kolka, D. Tyler Roman, Kenneth J. Davis, Ankur R. Desai, Bianca C. Baier, Kathryn McKain, Alan C. Czarnetzki, and A. Anthony Bloom
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 951–971, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-951-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-951-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Methane concentrations have doubled since 1750. The US Upper Midwest is a key region contributing to such trends, but sources are poorly understood. We collected and analyzed aircraft data to resolve spatial and timing biases in wetland and livestock emission estimates and uncover errors in inventory treatment of manure management. We highlight the importance of intensive agriculture for the regional and US methane budgets and the potential for methane mitigation through improved management.
Cited articles
Barsan, N. and Weimar, U.: Conduction model of metal oxide gas sensors, J. Electroceram., 7, 143–167, 2001.
Bart, M., Williams, D. E., Ainslie, B., McKendry, I., Salmond, J., Grange, S. K., Alavi-Shoshtari, M., Steyn, D., and Henshaw, G. S.: High Density Ozone Monitoring Using Gas Sensitive Semi-Conductor Sensors in the Lower Fraser Valley, British Columbia, Environ. Sci. Technol., 48, 3970–3977, https://doi.org/10.1021/es404610t, 2014.
Blanchard, C. L., Tanenbaum, S., and Hidy, G. M.: Spatial and temporal variability of air pollution in Birmingham, Alabama, Atmos. Environ., 89, 382–391, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.01.006, 2014.
California Air Resources Board: Annual Monitoring Network Report for Twenty-three Districts in California, July 2013, available at: https://www.arb.ca.gov/aqd/amnr/amnr2013.pdf (last access: 1 February 2017), 2013.
California Department of Transportation: 2015 Traffic Volumes on California State Highway, available at: http://www.dot.ca.gov/trafficops/census/volumes2015/ (last access: 3 February 2016), 2015.
Clements, A. L., Griswold, W. G., Rs, A., Johnston, J. E., Herting, M. M., Thorson, J., Collier-Oxandale, A., and Hannigan, M.: Low-Cost Air Quality Monitoring Tools: From Research to Practice (A Workshop Summary), Sensors, 17, 2478, https://doi.org/10.3390/s17112478, 2017.
e2v technologies: http://www.mymectronic.com/datasheet/13059_4173143_mics-2611.pdf, last access: 8 November 2017, 2018.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Ambient Air Quality Surveillance (40 CFR part 58), available at: https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/retrieveECFR?n=40y6.0.1.1.6, (last access: 22 November 2016), 2006.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): National Ambient Air Quality Standards (40 CFR part 50), available at: https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr50_main_02.tpl, (last access: 1 June 2016), 2013.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Green Book 8-Hour Ozone (2008) Area Information, available at: https://www.epa.gov/green-book/green-book-8-hour-ozone-2008-area-information, last access: 21 September 2016.
Gao, H. O.: Day of week effects on diurnal ozone/NOx cycles and transportation emissions in Southern California, Transport. Res. D-Tr. E., 12, 292–305, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2007.03.004, 2007.
Jacob, D. J.: Heterogeneous chemistry and tropospheric ozone, Atmos. Environ., 34, 2131–2159, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00462-8, 2000.
Jiao, W., Hagler, G., Williams, R., Sharpe, R., Brown, R., Garver, D., Judge, R., Caudill, M., Rickard, J., Davis, M., Weinstock, L., Zimmer-Dauphinee, S., and Buckley, K.: Community Air Sensor Network (CAIRSENSE) project: evaluation of low-cost sensor performance in a suburban environment in the southeastern United States, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 5281–5292, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-5281-2016, 2016.
Korotcenkov, G.: Metal oxides for solid-state gas sensors: What determines our choice?, Mater. Sci. Eng. B, 139, 1–23, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2007.01.044, 2007.
Kumar, P., Morawska, L., Mahtani, C., Basks, G., Neophytou, M., Di Sabatino, S., Bell, M., Norford, L., and Ritter, R.: The rise of low-cost sensing for managing air pollution in cities, Environ. Int., 75, 199–205, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2014.11.019, 2015.
Lin, C., Gillespie, J., Schuder, M. D., Duberstein, W., Beverland, I. J., and Heal, M. R.: Evaluation and calibration of Aeroqual series 500 portable gas sensors for accurate measurement of ambient ozone and nitrogen dioxide, Atmos. Environ., 100, 111–116, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.002, 2015.
Littman, F. E. and Magill, P. L.: Some Unique Aspects of Air Pollution in Los Angeles, Air Repair, 3, 29–34, https://doi.org/10.1080/00966665.1953.10467586, 1953.
Masson, N., Piedrahita, R., and Hannigan, M.: Approach for quantification of metal oxide type semiconductor gas sensors used for ambient air quality monitoring (Supplement C), Sensor. Actuat. B-Chem., 208, 339–345, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2014.11.032, 2015.
Moltchanov, S., Levy, I., Etzion, Y., Lerner, U., Broday, D. M., and Fishbain, B.: On the feasibility of measuring urban air pollution by wireless distributed sensor networks, Sci. Total Environ., 502, 537–547, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.09.059, 2015.
Peterson, P. J. D., Aujla, A., Grant, K. H., Brundle, A. G., Thompson, M. R., Vande Hey, J., and Leigh, R. J.: Practical Use of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Gas Sensors for Measuring Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone in Urban Environments, Sensors (Basel), 17, 1653, https://doi.org/10.3390/s17071653, 2017.
Piedrahita, R., Xiang, Y., Masson, N., Ortega, J., Collier, A., Jiang, Y., Li, K., Dick, R. P., Lv, Q., Hannigan, M., and Shang, L.: The next generation of low-cost personal air quality sensors for quantitative exposure monitoring, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 7, 3325–3336, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-3325-2014, 2014.
Rai, A. C., Kumar, P., Pilla, F., Skouloudis, A. N., Di Sabatino, S., Ratti, C., Yasar, A., and Rickerby, D.: End-user perspective of low-cost sensors for outdoor air pollution monitoring (Supplement C), Sci. Total Environ., 607–608, 691–705, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.266, 2017.
Sadighi, K.: Ozone low-cost mobile sensor data from Riverside, CA 2015, Mendeley Data, v3 https://doi.org/10.17632/j36zwxy8v4.3, 2018.
Simon, H., Wells, B., Baker, K. R., and Hubbell, B.: Assessing Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Observed and Predicted Ozone in Multiple Urban Areas, Environ. Health Persp., 124, 1443–1452, https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP190, 2016.
South Coast Air Quality Management District: Quality Assurance Site Survey Report for Riverside-Rubidoux, available at: http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/clean-air-plans/air-quality-monitoring-network-plan/aaqmnp-rubidoux.pdf?sfvrsn=16, last access: 11 June 2017.
Sun, Y.-F., Liu, S.-B., Meng, F.-L., Liu, J.-Y., Jin, Z., Kong, L.-T., and Liu, J.-H.: Metal Oxide Nanostructures and Their Gas Sensing Properties: A Review, Sensors, 12, 2610–2631, https://doi.org/10.3390/s120302610, 2012.
U.S. EPA: Integrated Science Assessment (ISA) of Ozone and Related Photochemical Oxidants (Final Report, Feb 2013), Washington, DC, USA, EPA/600/R-10/076F, 2013.
Williams, D. E., Henshaw, G. S., Bart, M., Laing, G., Wagner, J., Naisbitt, S., and Salmond, J. A.: Validation of low-cost ozone measurement instruments suitable for use in an air-quality monitoring network, Meas. Sci. Technol., 24, 065803, https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/24/6/065803, 2013.
Short summary
Ground-level ozone has negative human health impacts. In the summer of 2015, 13 low-cost sensor monitors were deployed to several neighborhoods around Riverside, California. There were significant spatial differences between monitors. This is important because it means that ozone in certain places may be higher than what EPA monitors report for an area, which is pertinent for residents of those communities. This research helps inform the limitations and advantages of low-cost sensor networks.
Ground-level ozone has negative human health impacts. In the summer of 2015, 13 low-cost sensor...
