Articles | Volume 15, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2703-2022
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2703-2022
Research article
 | 
05 May 2022
Research article |  | 05 May 2022

Air pollution monitoring: development of ammonia (NH3) dynamic reference gas mixtures at nanomoles per mole levels to improve the lack of traceability of measurements

Tatiana Macé, Maitane Iturrate-Garcia, Céline Pascale, Bernhard Niederhauser, Sophie Vaslin-Reimann, and Christophe Sutour

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Cited articles

Aksoyoglu, S., Jiang, J., Ciarelli, G., Baltensperger, U., and Prévôt, A. S. H.: Role of ammonia in European air quality with changing land and ship emissions between 1990 and 2030, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 15665–15680, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15665-2020, 2020. 
Behera, S. N., Sharma, M., Aneja, V. P., and Balasubramanian, R.: Ammonia in the atmosphere: a review on emission sources, atmospheric chemistry and deposition on terrestrial bodies, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 20, 8092–8131, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-2051-9, 2013. 
Bessagnet, B., Beauchamp, M., Guerreiro, C., de Leeuw, F., Tsyro, S., Colette, A., Meleux, F., Rouïl, Ruyssenaars, P., Suter, F., Velders, G. J. M., Foltescu, V. L., and van Aardenne, J.: Can further mitigation of ammonia emissions reduce exceedances of particulate matter air quality standards?, Environ. Sci. Pol., 44, 149–163, 2014. 
Braban, C. F., de Bree, F., Crunaire, S., Fröhlich, M., Fromage-Mariette, A., Goelen, E., Hafkenscheid, T., Hangartner, M., van Hoek, C., Martin, N. A., Michen, B., Noordijk, E., Stoll, J. M., Twigg, M. M., Tang, Y. S., Cowan, N., and Poskitt, J.: Literature review on the performance of diffusive samplers for the measurement of ammonia in ambient air and emissions to air, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, https://core.ac.uk/download/196583303.pdf (last access: 2 January 2022), 2018. 
Cape, J. N., van der Eerden, L., Fangmeier, A., Ayres, J., Bareham, S., Bobbink, R., Branquinho, C., Crittenden, P., Cruz, C., Dias, T., Leith, I., Martins-Loucao, M. A., Ptcairn,C., Sheepard, L., Spranger, T., Sutton, M., van Dijk, N., and Wolseley, P.: Critical Levels for Ammonia, in Atmospheric Ammonia – Detecting Emission Changes and Environmental Impacts, edited by: Sutton, M. A., Reis, S., and Baker, S. M. H., 375–382, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9121-6_22, 2009. 
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Short summary
LNE developed, with the company 2M PROCESS, a gas reference generator to dynamically generate NH3 reference gas mixtures in the air at very low fractions between 1 and 400 nmol/mol. The procedure defined by LNE for calibrating NH3 analyzers used for monitoring air quality guarantees relative expanded uncertainties lower than 2 % for this measurement range. The results of a comparison organized between METAS and LNE allowed the validation of LNE's reference generator and calibration procedure.