Articles | Volume 16, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-3515-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-3515-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Stability assessment of organic sulfur and organosulfate compounds in filter samples for quantification by Fourier- transform infrared spectroscopy
Marife B. Anunciado
Air Quality Research Center, University of California Davis, Davis,
California, United States
Miranda De Boskey
Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States
Laura Haines
Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States
Katarina Lindskog
Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States
Tracy Dombek
Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States
Satoshi Takahama
Laboratory of Atmospheric Processes and their Impacts (LAPI),
ENAC/IIE, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne,
Switzerland
Ann M. Dillner
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Air Quality Research Center, University of California Davis, Davis,
California, United States
Related authors
Sreejata Bandopadhyay, Marie English, Marife B. Anunciado, Mallari Starrett, Jialin Hu, José E. Liquet y González, Douglas G. Hayes, Sean M. Schaeffer, and Jennifer M. DeBruyn
SOIL, 9, 499–516, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-499-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-499-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We added organic and inorganic nitrogen amendments to two soil types in a laboratory incubation study in order to understand how that would impact biodegradable plastic mulch (BDM) decomposition. We found that nitrogen amendments, particularly urea and inorganic nitrogen, suppressed BDM degradation in both soil types. However, we found limited impact of BDM addition on soil nitrification, suggesting that overall microbial processes were not compromised due to the addition of BDMs.
Christopher R. Oxford, Haihui Zhu, Maya Mehrotra, Xuan Liu, Yuxuan Ren, Maya Arnott, Isaac Abionum Adimula, Taiye Benjamin Ajibolataiye, Clement Akoshile, Omar Amador-Munoz, Araya Asfaw, Rachel Ying-Wen Chang, Sagnik Dey, Ann M. Dillner, David J. Diner, Connor J. Flynn, Diana Francis, Paterne Gahungu, Rebecca M. Garland, Michel Grutter, Sina Hasheminassab, Fahad Imam, Jhoon Kim, Kristy Langerman, Pei-Chen Lee, Puji Lestari, Po-Hsiung Lin, S. Marcela Loria-Salazar, Tesfaye Mamo, Olga L. Mayol-Bracero, Mogesh Naidoo, Narendra Nelli, Sang Seo Park, Abdus Salam, Bighnaraj Sarangi, Trailokya Saud, Robyn Schofield, Yoav Schechner, Sachchida N. Tripathi, Emily K. West, Eli Windwer, Ming-Tsang Wu, Qiang Zhang, Michael Brauer, Yinon Rudich, Jay R. Turner, and Randall V. Martin
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3224, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3224, 2026
This preprint is open for discussion and under review for Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (AMT).
Short summary
Short summary
A high-sensitivity balance, controlled temperature and relative humidity chamber, and filter samples collected around the world were used to develop a mass as a function of relative humidity relationship. We subsequently measured the chemical composition of these same samples. A relationship between the chemical composition and water mass was created and used to calculate aerosol water content showing how composition and water content varies worldwide.
Nagendra Raparthi, Anthony S. Wexler, and Ann M. Dillner
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 18, 603–618, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-603-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-603-2025, 2025
Short summary
Short summary
Quantifying the composition-dependent hygroscopicity of aerosol particles is essential for advancing our understanding of atmospheric processes. Existing methods do not integrate chemical composition with hygroscopicity. We developed a novel method to assess the water uptake of particles sampled on aerosol filters at relative humidity levels up to 97 % and link it with their composition. This approach allows for the separation of total water uptake into inorganic and organic components.
Emily Y. Li, Amir Yazdani, Ann M. Dillner, Guofeng Shen, Wyatt M. Champion, James J. Jetter, William T. Preston, Lynn M. Russell, Michael D. Hays, and Satoshi Takahama
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 2401–2413, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-2401-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-2401-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Infrared spectroscopy is a cost-effective measurement technique to characterize the chemical composition of organic aerosol emissions. This technique differentiates the organic matter emission factor from different fuel sources by their characteristic functional groups. Comparison with collocated measurements suggests that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in emissions estimated by conventional chromatography may be substantially underestimated.
Sreejata Bandopadhyay, Marie English, Marife B. Anunciado, Mallari Starrett, Jialin Hu, José E. Liquet y González, Douglas G. Hayes, Sean M. Schaeffer, and Jennifer M. DeBruyn
SOIL, 9, 499–516, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-499-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-9-499-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We added organic and inorganic nitrogen amendments to two soil types in a laboratory incubation study in order to understand how that would impact biodegradable plastic mulch (BDM) decomposition. We found that nitrogen amendments, particularly urea and inorganic nitrogen, suppressed BDM degradation in both soil types. However, we found limited impact of BDM addition on soil nitrification, suggesting that overall microbial processes were not compromised due to the addition of BDMs.
Amir Yazdani, Satoshi Takahama, John K. Kodros, Marco Paglione, Mauro Masiol, Stefania Squizzato, Kalliopi Florou, Christos Kaltsonoudis, Spiro D. Jorga, Spyros N. Pandis, and Athanasios Nenes
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 7461–7477, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7461-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-7461-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Organic aerosols directly emitted from wood and pellet stove combustion are found to chemically transform (approximately 15 %–35 % by mass) under daytime aging conditions simulated in an environmental chamber. A new marker for lignin-like compounds is found to degrade at a different rate than previously identified biomass burning markers and can potentially provide indication of aging time in ambient samples.
Nikunj Dudani and Satoshi Takahama
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 4693–4707, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4693-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4693-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We designed and fabricated an aerosol collector with high collection efficiency that enables quantitative infrared spectroscopy analysis. By collecting particles on optical windows, typical substrate interferences are eliminated. New methods for fabricating aerosol devices using 3D printing with post-treatment to reduce the time and cost of prototyping are described.
Amir Yazdani, Nikunj Dudani, Satoshi Takahama, Amelie Bertrand, André S. H. Prévôt, Imad El Haddad, and Ann M. Dillner
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 2857–2874, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2857-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2857-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
While the aerosol mass spectrometer provides high-time-resolution characterization of the overall extent of oxidation, the extensive fragmentation of molecules and specificity of the technique have posed challenges toward deeper understanding of molecular structures in aerosols. This work demonstrates how functional group information can be extracted from a suite of commonly measured mass fragments using collocated infrared spectroscopy measurements.
Bruno Debus, Andrew T. Weakley, Satoshi Takahama, Kathryn M. George, Anahita Amiri-Farahani, Bret Schichtel, Scott Copeland, Anthony S. Wexler, and Ann M. Dillner
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 2685–2702, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2685-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2685-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In the US, routine particulate matter composition is measured on samples collected on three types of filter media and analyzed using several techniques. We propose an alternate approach that uses one analytical technique, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and one filter type to measure the chemical composition of particulate matter in a major US monitoring network. This method could be used to add low-cost sites to the network, fill-in missing data, or for quality control.
Mária Lbadaoui-Darvas, Satoshi Takahama, and Athanasios Nenes
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 17687–17714, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17687-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-17687-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Aerosol–cloud interactions constitute the most uncertain contribution to climate change. The uptake kinetics of water by aerosol is a central process of cloud droplet formation, yet its molecular-scale mechanism is unknown. We use molecular simulations to study this process for phase-separated organic particles. Our results explain the increased cloud condensation activity of such particles and can be generalized over various compositions, thus possibly serving as a basis for future models.
Cited articles
Allen, A. G., Dick, A. L., and Davison, B. M.: Sources of atmospheric
methanesulphonate, non-sea-salt sulphate, nitrate and related species over
the temperate South Pacific, Atmos. Environ., 31, 191–205,
https://doi.org/10.1016/1352-2310(96)00194-X, 1997.
Allen, A. G., Davison, B. M., James, J. D., Robertson, L., Harrison, R. M.,
and Hewitt, C. N.: Influence of Transport over a Mountain Ridge on the
Chemical Composition of Marine Aerosols during the ACE-2 Hillcloud
Experiment, J. Atmos. Chem., 41, 83–107,
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013868729960, 2002.
Amore, A., Giardi, F., Becagli, S., Caiazzo, L., Mazzola, M., Severi, M.,
and Traversi, R.: Source apportionment of sulphate in the High Arctic by a
10 yr-long record from Gruvebadet Observatory (Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard
Islands), Atmos. Environ., 270, 118890,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118890, 2022.
Aneja, V. P. and Cooper, W. J.: Biogenic Sulfur Emissions, in: Biogenic
Sulfur in the Environment, vol. 393, Am. Chem. Soc., 2–13,
https://doi.org/10.1021/bk-1989-0393.ch001, 1989.
Anunciado, M. B., De Boskey, M., Haines, L., Lindskog, K., Dombek, T., Takahama, S., and Dillner, A. M.: Data from “Stability assessment of organic sulfur and organosulfate compounds in filter samples for quantification by Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy and Ion Chromatography”, Dryad [data set], https://doi.org/10.25338/B8BH14, 2023.
Barnes, I., Becker, K. H., and Mihalopoulos, N.: An FTIR product study of
the photooxidation of dimethyl disulfide, J. Atmos. Chem.,
18, 267–289, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00696783, 1994.
Bates, T. S., Lamb, B. K., Guenther, A., Dignon, J., and Stoiber, R. E.:
Sulfur emissions to the atmosphere from natural sources, J.
Atmos. Chem., 14, 315–337, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00115242,
1992.
Becagli, S., Lazzara, L., Fani, F., Marchese, C., Traversi, R., Severi, M.,
di Sarra, A., Sferlazzo, D., Piacentino, S., Bommarito, C., Dayan, U., and
Udisti, R.: Relationship between methanesulfonate (MS-) in atmospheric
particulate and remotely sensed phytoplankton activity in oligo-mesotrophic
central Mediterranean Sea, Atmos. Environ., 79, 681–688,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.07.032, 2013.
Boer, G. J., Sokolik, I. N., and Martin, S. T.: Infrared optical constants
of aqueous sulfate–nitrate–ammonium multi-component tropospheric aerosols
from attenuated total reflectance measurements—Part I: Results and
analysis of spectral absorbing features, J. Quant.
Spectrosc. Ra., 108, 17–38,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2007.02.017, 2007.
Bondy, A. L., Craig, R. L., Zhang, Z., Gold, A., Surratt, J. D., and Ault,
A. P.: Isoprene-Derived Organosulfates: Vibrational Mode Analysis by Raman
Spectroscopy, Acidity-Dependent Spectral Modes, and Observation in
Individual Atmospheric Particles, The J. Phys. Chem. A, 122,
303–315, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.7b10587, 2018.
Boris, A. J., Takahama, S., Weakley, A. T., Debus, B. M., Fredrickson, C. D., Esparza-Sanchez, M., Burki, C., Reggente, M., Shaw, S. L., Edgerton, E. S., and Dillner, A. M.: Quantifying organic matter and functional groups in particulate matter filter samples from the southeastern United States – Part 1: Methods, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 5391–5415, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-5391-2019, 2019.
Boris, A. J., Takahama, S., Weakley, A. T., Debus, B. M., Shaw, S. L., Edgerton, E. S., Joo, T., Ng, N. L., and Dillner, A. M.: Quantifying organic matter and functional groups in particulate matter filter samples from the southeastern United States – Part 2: Spatiotemporal trends, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 4355–4374, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-4355-2021, 2021.
Campbell, J. R., Battaglia, M. Jr., Dingilian, K., Cesler-Maloney, M., St
Clair, J. M., Hanisco, T. F., Robinson, E., DeCarlo, P., Simpson, W., Nenes,
A., Weber, R. J., and Mao, J.: Source and Chemistry of
Hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) in Fairbanks, Alaska, Environ. Sci.
Technol., 56, 7657–7667, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c00410,
2022.
Chackalackal, S. M. and Stafford, F. E.: Infrared Spectra of Methane-,
Fluoro-, and Chlorosulfonic Acids, J. Am. Chem. Soc.,
88, 4815–4819, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00973a010, 1966.
Chapman, E. G., Barinaga, C. J., Udseth, H. R., and Smith, R. D.:
Confirmation and quantitation of hydroxymethanesulfonate in precipitation by
electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry, Atmos. Environ.,
A, 24, 2951–2957,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-1686(90)90475-3, 1990.
Chen, C., Zhang, Z., Wei, L., Qiu, Y., Xu, W., Song, S., Sun, J., Li, Z.,
Chen, Y., Ma, N., Xu, W., Pan, X., Fu, P., and Sun, Y.: The importance of
hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) in winter haze episodes in North China Plain,
Environ. Res., 211, 113093,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.113093, 2022.
Chen, Y., Zhang, Y., Lambe, A. T., Xu, R., Lei, Z., Olson, N. E., Zhang, Z.,
Szalkowski, T., Cui, T., Vizuete, W., Gold, A., Turpin, B. J., Ault, A. P.,
Chan, M. N., and Surratt, J. D.: Heterogeneous Hydroxyl Radical Oxidation of
Isoprene-Epoxydiol-Derived Methyltetrol Sulfates: Plausible Formation
Mechanisms of Previously Unexplained Organosulfates in Ambient Fine
Aerosols, Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett., 7, 460–468,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00276, 2020.
Chen, Y., Dombek, T., Hand, J., Zhang, Z., Gold, A., Ault, A. P., Levine, K.
E., and Surratt, J. D.: Seasonal Contribution of Isoprene-Derived
Organosulfates to Total Water-Soluble Fine Particulate Organic Sulfur in the
United States, ACS Earth Space Chem., 5, 2419–2432,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.1c00102, 2021.
Chihara, G.: Measurement of Infrared Absorption Spectra by Absorption on
Japanese Hand-made Paper and Its Application to Paper Chromatography,
Chem. Pharm. Bull., 6, 143–147,
https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.6.143, 1958.
Cui, T., Zeng, Z., Santos, E. O. dos, Zhang, Z., Chen, Y., Zhang, Y., Rose, C. A., Budisulistiorini, S. H., Collins, L. B., Bodnar, W. M., Souza, R. A. F. de, Martin, S. T., Machado, C. M. D., Turpin, B. J., Gold, A., Ault, A. P., and Surratt, J. D.: Development of a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) method for the chemical characterization of water-soluble isoprene epoxydiol (IEPOX)-derived secondary organic aerosol, Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts, 20, 1524–1536, https://doi.org/10.1039/C8EM00308D, 2018.
Debus, B., Takahama, S., Weakley, A. T., Seibert, K., and Dillner, A. M.:
Long-Term Strategy for Assessing Carbonaceous Particulate Matter
Concentrations from Multiple Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Instruments:
Influence of Spectral Dissimilarities on Multivariate Calibration
Performance, Appl. Spectrosc., 73, 271–283,
https://doi.org/10.1177/0003702818804574, 2019.
Debus, B., Weakley, A. T., Takahama, S., George, K. M., Amiri-Farahani, A., Schichtel, B., Copeland, S., Wexler, A. S., and Dillner, A. M.: Quantification of major particulate matter species from a single filter type using infrared spectroscopy – application to a large-scale monitoring network, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 2685–2702, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2685-2022, 2022.
Decesari, S., Facchini, M. C., Fuzzi, S., and Tagliavini, E.:
Characterization of water-soluble organic compounds in atmospheric aerosol:
A new approach, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 105,
1481–1489, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD900950, 2000.
Dovrou, E., Lim, C. Y., Canagaratna, M. R., Kroll, J. H., Worsnop, D. R., and Keutsch, F. N.: Measurement techniques for identifying and quantifying hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) in an aqueous matrix and particulate matter using aerosol mass spectrometry and ion chromatography, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 5303–5315, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-5303-2019, 2019.
Fankhauser, A. M., Lei, Z., Daley, K. R., Xiao, Y., Zhang, Z., Gold, A.,
Ault, B. S., Surratt, J. D., and Ault, A. P.: Acidity-Dependent Atmospheric
Organosulfate Structures and Spectra: Exploration of Protonation State
Effects via Raman and Infrared Spectroscopies Combined with Density
Functional Theory, The J. Phys. Chem. A, 126, 5974–5984,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04548, 2022.
Frossard, A. A., Shaw, P. M., Russell, L. M., Kroll, J. H., Canagaratna, M.
R., Worsnop, D. R., Quinn, P. K., and Bates, T. S.: Springtime Arctic haze
contributions of submicron organic particles from European and Asian
combustion sources, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 116, D5,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD015178, 2011.
von Glasow, R. and Crutzen, P. J.: Model study of multiphase DMS oxidation with a focus on halogens, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 589–608, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-589-2004, 2004.
Grübler, A.: A Review of Global and Regional Sulfur Emission Scenarios,
Mitig. Adapt. Strat. Gl., 3, 383–418,
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009651624257, 1998.
Hansen, A. M. K., Kristensen, K., Nguyen, Q. T., Zare, A., Cozzi, F., Nøjgaard, J. K., Skov, H., Brandt, J., Christensen, J. H., Ström, J., Tunved, P., Krejci, R., and Glasius, M.: Organosulfates and organic acids in Arctic aerosols: speciation, annual variation and concentration levels, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 7807–7823, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-7807-2014, 2014.
Harrill, A. J.: Aqueous-Phase Processing of 2-Methyltetrol Sulfates by
Hydroxyl Radical Oxidation in Fog and Cloud Water Mimics: Implications for
Isoprene-Derived Secondary Organic Aerosol, https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/concern/parent/5999nc07f/file_sets/7p88cq83j (last access: 7 September 2022), 2020.
Hawkins, L. N., Russell, L. M., Covert, D. S., Quinn, P. K., and Bates, T.
S.: Carboxylic acids, sulfates, and organosulfates in processed continental
organic aerosol over the southeast Pacific Ocean during VOCALS-REx 2008,
J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 115, D13,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD013276, 2010.
Hettiyadura, A. P. S., Stone, E. A., Kundu, S., Baker, Z., Geddes, E., Richards, K., and Humphry, T.: Determination of atmospheric organosulfates using HILIC chromatography with MS detection, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 2347–2358, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-2347-2015, 2015.
Hettiyadura, A. P. S., Jayarathne, T., Baumann, K., Goldstein, A. H., de Gouw, J. A., Koss, A., Keutsch, F. N., Skog, K., and Stone, E. A.: Qualitative and quantitative analysis of atmospheric organosulfates in Centreville, Alabama, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 1343–1359, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-1343-2017, 2017.
Hoffmann, E. H., Tilgner, A., Schrödner, R., Bräuer, P., Wolke, R.,
and Herrmann, H.: An advanced modeling study on the impacts and atmospheric
implications of multiphase dimethyl sulfide chemistry, P.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 113, 11776–11781, 2016.
Kamruzzaman, M., Takahama, S., and Dillner, A. M.: Quantification of amine
functional groups and their influence on OM/OC in the IMPROVE network,
Atmos. Environ., 172, 124–132,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.10.053, 2018.
Knovel: Yaws' Critical Property Data for Chemical Engineers and Chemists –
Table 12. Vapor Pressure – Organic Compounds, log P = A - B/(T + C):
https://app.knovel.com/kn/resources/kt009ZN2S3/kpYCPDCECD/eptble/itable?b-=&columns=1,2,3,6,4,5,10,11,13,14,12,7,8,9,
last access: 7 September 2022.
Krost, K. J. and McClenny, W. A.: FT-IR Transmission Spectroscopy for
Quantitation of Ammonium Bisulfate in Fine-Particulate Matter Collected on
Teflon® Filters, Appl. Spectrosc., 48, 702–705, 1994.
Kuzmiakova, A., Dillner, A. M., and Takahama, S.: An automated baseline correction protocol for infrared spectra of atmospheric aerosols collected on polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) filters, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 2615–2631, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-2615-2016, 2016.
Kwong, K. C., Chim, M. M., Hoffmann, E. H., Tilgner, A., Herrmann, H.,
Davies, J. F., Wilson, K. R., and Chan, M. N.: Chemical Transformation of
Methanesulfonic Acid and Sodium Methanesulfonate through Heterogeneous OH
Oxidation, ACS Earth Space Chem., 2, 895–903,
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.8b00072, 2018a.
Kwong, K. C., Chim, M. M., Davies, J. F., Wilson, K. R., and Chan, M. N.: Importance of sulfate radical anion formation and chemistry in heterogeneous OH oxidation of sodium methyl sulfate, the smallest organosulfate, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 2809–2820, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2809-2018, 2018b.
Larkin, P. J.: Chapter 6 – IR and Raman Spectra–Structure Correlations:
Characteristic Group Frequencies, in: Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy
(Second Edition), edited by: Larkin, P. J., Elsevier, 85–134,
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804162-8.00006-9, 2018.
Laurent, J.-P. and Allen, D. T.: Size Distributions of Organic Functional
Groups in Ambient Aerosol Collected in Houston, Texas Special Issue of
Aerosol Science and Technology on Findings from the Fine Particulate Matter
Supersites Program, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 38, 82–91,
https://doi.org/10.1080/02786820390229561, 2004.
Lee, J.-K., Lee, J.-S., Ahn, Y.-S., and Kang, G.-H.: Restoring the
Reactivity of Organic Acid Solution Used for Silver Recovery from Solar
Cells by Fractional Distillation, Sustainability, 11, 3659,
https://doi.org/10.3390/su11133659, 2019.
Lee, S.-H., Murphy, D. M., Thomson, D. S., and Middlebrook, A. M.: Nitrate
and oxidized organic ions in single particle mass spectra during the 1999
Atlanta Supersite Project, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
108, SOS 5-1–SOS 5-8, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001455, 2003.
Lin-Vien, D., Colthup, N. B., Fateley, W. G., and Grasselli, J. G.: CHAPTER
14 – Organic Sulfur Compounds, in: The Handbook of Infrared and Raman
Characteristic Frequencies of Organic Molecules, edited by: Lin-Vien, D.,
Colthup, N. B., Fateley, W. G., and Grasselli, J. G., Academic Press, San
Diego, 225–250, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-057116-4.50020-1, 1991.
Liu, S., Takahama, S., Russell, L. M., Gilardoni, S., and Baumgardner, D.: Oxygenated organic functional groups and their sources in single and submicron organic particles in MILAGRO 2006 campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 6849–6863, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-6849-2009, 2009.
Liu, S., Ahlm, L., Day, D. A., Russell, L. M., Zhao, Y., Gentner, D. R.,
Weber, R. J., Goldstein, A. H., Jaoui, M., Offenberg, J. H., Kleindienst, T.
E., Rubitschun, C., Surratt, J. D., Sheesley, R. J., and Scheller, S.:
Secondary organic aerosol formation from fossil fuel sources contribute
majority of summertime organic mass at Bakersfield, J. Geophys.
Res.-Atmos., 117, D24, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD018170, 2012.
Lloyd, A. G. and Dodgson, K. S.: Infrared studies on sulphate esters. II.
Monosaccharide sulphates, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 46, 116–120,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3002(61)90653-9, 1961.
Lloyd, A. G., Dodgson, K. S., Price, R. G., and Rose, F. A.: Infrared
studies on sulphate esters. I. Polysaccharide sulphates, Biochim. Biophys.
Acta, 46, 108–115, https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3002(61)90652-7, 1961.
Ma, T., Furutani, H., Duan, F., Kimoto, T., Jiang, J., Zhang, Q., Xu, X., Wang, Y., Gao, J., Geng, G., Li, M., Song, S., Ma, Y., Che, F., Wang, J., Zhu, L., Huang, T., Toyoda, M., and He, K.: Contribution of hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) to severe winter haze in the North China Plain, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 5887–5897, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-5887-2020, 2020.
Moch, J. M., Dovrou, E., Mickley, L. J., Keutsch, F. N., Cheng, Y., Jacob,
D. J., Jiang, J., Li, M., Munger, J. W., Qiao, X., and Zhang, Q.:
Contribution of Hydroxymethane Sulfonate to Ambient Particulate Matter: A
Potential Explanation for High Particulate Sulfur During Severe Winter Haze
in Beijing, Geophys. Res. Lett., 45, 11969–11979,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079309, 2018.
Moch, J. M., Dovrou, E., Mickley, L. J., Keutsch, F. N., Liu, Z., Wang, Y.,
Dombek, T. L., Kuwata, M., Budisulistiorini, S. H., Yang, L., Decesari, S.,
Paglione, M., Alexander, B., Shao, J., Munger, J. W., and Jacob, D. J.:
Global Importance of Hydroxymethanesulfonate in Ambient Particulate Matter:
Implications for Air Quality, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.,
125, e2020JD032706, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD032706, 2020.
Okabayashi, H., Okuyama, M., Kitagawa, T., and Miyazawa, T.: The Raman
Spectra and Molecular Conformations of Surfactants in Aqueous Solution and
Crystalline States, Bull. Chem. Soc. JPN, 47,
1075–1077, https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.47.1075, 1974.
Olson, C. N., Galloway, M. M., Yu, G., Hedman, C. J., Lockett, M. R., Yoon,
T., Stone, E. A., Smith, L. M., and Keutsch, F. N.: Hydroxycarboxylic
Acid-Derived Organosulfates: Synthesis, Stability, and Quantification in
Ambient Aerosol, Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 6468–6474,
https://doi.org/10.1021/es201039p, 2011.
Pavia, D. L., Lampman, G. M., Kriz, G. S., and Vyvyan, J. A.: Introduction
to Spectroscopy, Cengage Learning, 745 pp., 4th Edn., Cengage Learning, Library of Congress Control Number: 2007943966, 15–104, 2008.
Peng, C. and Chan, C. K.: The water cycles of water-soluble organic salts of
atmospheric importance, Atmos. Environ., 35, 1183–1192,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00426-X, 2001.
Reggente, M., Höhn, R., and Takahama, S.: An open platform for Aerosol InfraRed Spectroscopy analysis – AIRSpec, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 12, 2313–2329, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-2313-2019, 2019.
Russell, L. M., Bahadur, R., and Ziemann, P. J.: Identifying organic aerosol
sources by comparing functional group composition in chamber and atmospheric
particles, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 108, 3516–3521,
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1006461108, 2011.
Ruthenburg, T. C., Perlin, P. C., Liu, V., McDade, C. E., and Dillner, A.
M.: Determination of organic matter and organic matter to organic carbon
ratios by infrared spectroscopy with application to selected sites in the
IMPROVE network, Atmos. Environ., 86, 47–57,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.12.034, 2014.
Saltzman, E. S., Savoie, D. L., Prospero, J. M., and Zika, R. G.:
Methanesulfonic acid and non-sea-salt sulfate in pacific air: Regional and
seasonal variations, J. Atmos. Chem., 4, 227–240,
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00052002, 1986.
Sato, S., Higuchi, S., and Tanaka, S.: Structural Examinations of “Sodium
FormaldehydeSulfoxylate” by Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy, Nippon Kagaku
Kaishi, 1984, 1151–1157, https://doi.org/10.1246/nikkashi.1984.1151, 1984.
Segneanu, A. E., Gozescu, I., Dabici, A., Sfirloaga, P., and Szabadai, Z.:
Organic Compounds FT-IR Spectroscopy, IntechOpen,
https://doi.org/10.5772/50183, 2012.
Seinfeld, J. H. and Pandis, S. N.: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From
Air Pollution to Climate Change, Wiley, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, 3rd Edn., ISBN 9781118947401,
2016.
Shurvell, H. F.: Spectra – Structure Correlations in the Mid- and
Far-Infrared, in: Handbook of Vibrational Spectroscopy, American Cancer
Society, https://doi.org/10.1002/0470027320.s4101, 2006.
Smith, S. J., van Aardenne, J., Klimont, Z., Andres, R. J., Volke, A., and Delgado Arias, S.: Anthropogenic sulfur dioxide emissions: 1850–2005, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11, 1101–1116, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-1101-2011, 2011.
Song, S., Gao, M., Xu, W., Sun, Y., Worsnop, D. R., Jayne, J. T., Zhang, Y., Zhu, L., Li, M., Zhou, Z., Cheng, C., Lv, Y., Wang, Y., Peng, W., Xu, X., Lin, N., Wang, Y., Wang, S., Munger, J. W., Jacob, D. J., and McElroy, M. B.: Possible heterogeneous chemistry of hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) in northern China winter haze, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 1357–1371, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1357-2019, 2019.
Spectral Database for Organic Compounds,SDBS:
https://sdbs.db.aist.go.jp/sdbs/cgi-bin/direct_frame_top.cgi, last access: 22 February 2022.
Stone, E. A., Yang, L., Yu, L. E., and Rupakheti, M.: Characterization of
organosulfates in atmospheric aerosols at Four Asian locations, Atmos.
Environ., 47, 323–329, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.10.058,
2012.
Surratt, J. D., Chan, A. W. H., Eddingsaas, N. C., Chan, M., Loza, C. L.,
Kwan, A. J., Hersey, S. P., Flagan, R. C., Wennberg, P. O., and Seinfeld, J.
H.: Reactive intermediates revealed in secondary organic aerosol formation
from isoprene, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 107,
6640–6645, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0911114107, 2010.
Tang, K.: Chemical Diversity and Biochemical Transformation of Biogenic
Organic Sulfur in the Ocean, Front. Mar. Sci., 7, 68, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00068, 2020.
U.S. EPA: Comptox Chemicals Dashboard,
https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID80805075 (last access: 14
November 2022), Methyl 10,10-diethoxydec-2-ene-4,6,8-triynoate, 2022.
Wang, Y., Zhao, Y., Wang, Y., Yu, J.-Z., Shao, J., Liu, P., Zhu, W., Cheng, Z., Li, Z., Yan, N., and Xiao, H.: Organosulfates in atmospheric aerosols in Shanghai, China: seasonal and interannual variability, origin, and formation mechanisms, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 2959–2980, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-2959-2021, 2021.
Wei, L., Fu, P., Chen, X., An, N., Yue, S., Ren, H., Zhao, W., Xie, Q., Sun,
Y., Zhu, Q.-F., Wang, Z., and Feng, Y.-Q.: Quantitative Determination of
Hydroxymethanesulfonate (HMS) Using Ion Chromatography and
UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry: A Missing Source of Sulfur during Haze
Episodes in Beijing, Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett., 7,
701–707, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00528, 2020.
Yazdani, A., Dudani, N., Takahama, S., Bertrand, A., Prévôt, A. S. H., El Haddad, I., and Dillner, A. M.: Fragment ion–functional group relationships in organic aerosols using aerosol mass spectrometry and mid-infrared spectroscopy, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 2857–2874, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2857-2022, 2022.
Zawadowicz, M. A., Proud, S. R., Seppalainen, S. S., and Cziczo, D. J.: Hygroscopic and phase separation properties of ammonium sulfate/organics/water ternary solutions, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 8975–8986, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8975-2015, 2015.
Zeng, G., Kelley, J., Kish, J. D., and Liu, Y.: Temperature-Dependent
Deliquescent and Efflorescent Properties of Methanesulfonate Sodium Studied
by ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy, The J. Phys. Chem. A, 118,
583–591, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp405896y, 2014.
Zhao, X., Shi, X., Ma, X., Zuo, C., Wang, H., Xu, F., Sun, Y., and Zhang,
Q.: 2-Methyltetrol sulfate ester-initiated nucleation mechanism enhanced by
common nucleation precursors: A theory study, Sci. Total
Environ., 723, 137987, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137987,
2020.
Zhong, L. and Parker, S. F.: Structure and vibrational spectroscopy of
methanesulfonic acid, Roy. Soc. Open Sci., 5, 181363,
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.181363, 2022.
Short summary
Organic sulfur compounds are used to identify sources and atmospheric processing of aerosol. Our paper evaluates the potential of using a non-destructive measurement technique to measure organic sulfur compounds in filter samples by assessing their chemical stability over time. Some were stable, but some evaporated or changed chemically. Future work includes evaluating the stability and potential interference of multiple organic sulfur compounds in laboratory mixtures and ambient aerosol.
Organic sulfur compounds are used to identify sources and atmospheric processing of aerosol. Our...